Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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nefne

(prep.; con.)
Grammar
nefne, nemne.

Unless ⬩ except ⬩ Except

Entry preview:

Grammar nefne, conj. connecting clauses, Unless, except Hé hyra má ácwellan wolde, nefne him witig God forstóde, Beo. Th. 2116; B. 1056: 6101; B. 3054: Exon. Th. 340, 5; Gn. Ex. 106 : 345, 11; Gn. Ex. 186. Hí sǽdon, nemne ( nisi ) hí him máran andlyfne

Linked entries: nemne nymne

þeówan

(v.)
Grammar
þeówan, þéwan, þíwan, þýwan, þýgan, þeón, þían, þýn, and þeówian, þíwian, þýwian; pres. ic þý, hé þýþ; p. þeówde, þéwde, þíwde, þýwde, þýgde, þeóde, þýde; ppr. þýwende, þíende; pp. þéd, þýd.
Entry preview:

to press Hwílum mec ( an animal's skin) wonfeax wale wegeþ and þýð, Exon. Th. 393, 31; Rä. 13, 8. [Hé mec (a cup ) fin]grum þýð, 480, 24; Rä. 64, 6. Þýde conpressit (the line in Aldhelm is: Dulcia sed Christi compressit labra labellis), Wrt. Voc. ii.

Linked entries: þéde þeóddon þeón þeów-racu þerende þéwan þían þíwan mid-þeówan þurh-þeówan þýan þýgan þýn þýwan

Alríca

(n.)
Grammar
Alríca, Eallríca, Ealleríca, an; m: Alarícus, i; m. Lot. [al=eall all, ríca a ruler; v. ríc]

Alaric ⬩ Alarícus, king of the Visigoths

Entry preview:

Alaric; Alarícus, king of the Visigoths, = the west Goths, elected A.D. 382, took Rome 410, and died the same year Alríca wearþ Cristen Alaric became a Christian [about A. D. 396], Ors. 6, 37; Bos. 132, 32. Alrica, se Cristenesta cyning, and se mildesta

Linked entries: Ealleríca Eallríca

exorcista

(n.)
Grammar
exorcista, an; m. A caster out of spirits, L. Ælf. P. 34; Th. ii. 378, 6. v. hád II, hálsigend.

This might be a link to, a part of or a variant of another entry.

un-willa

(n.)
Grammar
un-willa, an; m.

What displeases ⬩ displeasure ⬩ what is not desired ⬩ against one's will ⬩ unwillingly ⬩ not voluntarily ⬩ without one's consent ⬩ in despite of one

Entry preview:

What displeases, displeasure, what is not desired Nafa ðú tó yfel ellen, ðeáh ðé sum unwilla on becume; oft brincð se woruld ðone willan ðe bið eft, Prov. Kmbl. 40. Hé drýhð deófles willan and Godes unwillan, Wulfst. 12, 13. against one's will, unwillingly

widuwe

(n.)
Grammar
widuwe, widewe, weoduwe, weodewe, wuduwe, wudewe, wydewe, widwe, an; f. A widow, v. wíf, <b>III a</b>
Entry preview:

Wudewe (wuduwe, v.l.: widuwe, Rush. : widiua, Lind.) vidua, Lk. Skt. 18, 3. Widewe, Wrt. Voc. i. 73, 15. Weodewe, Gen. 38, 11. Wydewe (wudewe, Ps. Spl. : weoduwa, Ps. Lamb.: widwe, Ps. Surt.), Ps. Th. 108, 9. Widwe, Lk. Skt. Rush. 2, 37 : 18, 5. Anna

Linked entries: weodewe weoduwe

stregdan

(v.)
Grammar
stregdan, [There are two verbs of this form, a strong and a weak. The conjugation is further complicated by the frequent loss of g, so that forms of the strong verb are found (?) belonging to two classes (cf. bregdan): while in the Northern Gospels strong and weak inflections are combined in the same word. The two verbs are here put together] ; ic stregde, strigde, stréde, hé stregdeþ, strigdeþ, strét; p. (strong) strægd, pl. strugdon and strǽdon (v. strédun, Mk. 11, 8: but the form may be weak = strægdon) : (weak) stregde, strédde, strugde (North.); pp. (strong) strogden : (weak) stregd, stréded, stréd
Entry preview:

To strew, spread, scatter, sprinkle. to strew something Se ðe ne somnigas streigdæs que non congregat, spargit. Mt. Kmbl. 12, 30. Geswerc swé swé eascan strigdeþ (spargit), Ps. Surt. 147, 16. Monige ðæt wæter on ádlige men strédaþ. Bd. 3, 2; S. 524,

Linked entries: strédan strégan

ǽg-

(prefix)
Grammar
ǽg-, either a contraction of the prefixes á, ǽ, with a g added, as ǽg, or derived from aa = á, áwa, ǽw. It is used in compound pronouns and adverbs, as ǽg-hwá, ǽg-hwǽr, ǽg-hwilc, etc; but, in its place, we also find the prefix á as,—á-hwǽr, á-hwilc, etc. Both ǽg- and á- impart to their compounds a sense of universality.

Ever ⬩ always ⬩ semper

Entry preview:

Ever, always; semper:

fóre-weard

(n.)
Grammar
fóre-weard, -ward, fór-word, -werd, e; f; fóre-warde, an; f. A

FOREWARD ⬩ precaution ⬩ contract ⬩ agreement ⬩ compact ⬩ treaty ⬩ provision ⬩ præcautio ⬩ pactum ⬩ fœdus

Entry preview:

FOREWARD, precaution, contract, agreement, compact, treaty, provision; præcautio, pactum, fœdus Wurdon ða fórewearda full worhte the contracts were completed. Chr. 1109; Erl. 242, 22. To ðán ylcan fóreweardum [MS. foreweardan] with the same provisions

Linked entries: fóre-ward fóre-ward fóre-warde fóre-werd fór-ward fór-werd

Frysa

(n.)
Grammar
Frysa, Friesa, an; pl. nom. acc. Frysan, Frisan, Fresan; gen. Frysena, Frysna; dat. Frysum; m.

A Frisian ⬩ Frīsius ⬩ Freso

Entry preview:

A Frisian; Frīsius, Freso Se Frysa hine gewráþ the Frisian bound him, Homl. Th. ii. 358, 19, 22: Chr. 897; Th. 176, 32, 33, Col. 2; 177, 32, 33. Sealde se ealdorman hine sumum Frysan of Lundene the alderman sold him to a Frisian of London, Homl. Th.

Linked entries: Fresan Friesa Frisan

witig

(adj.)
Grammar
witig, wittig; adj.

having knowledge ⬩ wisdom ⬩ sense ⬩ sagacious ⬩ wise ⬩ in one's wits ⬩ in one's right mind

Entry preview:

having knowledge, wisdom, sense; sagacious, wise Stán witig werede and worde cwæð, Andr. Kmbl. 1485; An. 744. Swilce wittige ł gleáwe leorneras velut sagaces (prudentes) gymnosophistas, Hpt. Gl. 404, 76. ¶ Grammar witig, as an epithet of the Deity (cf

Linked entry: wittig

bunda

(n.)
Grammar
bunda, bonda, an; m.

a wedded or married man, a husband ⬩ maritus, sponsus ⬩ the father or head of a family, a householder ⬩ paterfamilias, œconomus ⬩ wedlock, marriage, ⬩ lawfully born, born in wedlock ⬩ wedlock breaker, an adulterer ⬩ marriage-fast-man, a wedded man, a husband: ⬩ to wed, take a wife ⬩ a wedded man, husband, householder ⬩ one wedded or bound, a husband ⬩ to bind ⬩ person ⬩ agent ⬩ a hammer ⬩ a hammerer ⬩ rule, government, ⬩ a ruler, governor ⬩ bound ⬩ one bound, a husband

Entry preview:

a wedded or married man, a husband; maritus, sponsus Ne mæg nán wíf hire bondan [bundan MS. B, note 57] forbeódan, ðæt he ne móte into his cotan gelogian ðæt ðæt he wille no wife may forbid her husband, that he may not put into his cot what he will,

Linked entry: bonda

ǽder

(n.)
Grammar
ǽder, ǽdder, e; f. ǽd(d)re, an; f. (wæter-ǽdre occurs once neuter). Add:to ǽdre:

a channel for fluids ⬩ a sinew ⬩ a rein, kidney

Entry preview:

a channel for fluids Ðín édra thy fountain (vena), Kent. Gl. 107: 330. Ealle eorðan ǽddre onsprungon ongeán ðám heofonlican flóde, Wlfst. 206, 18. Ǽþro botre (cf. botrus fossa, via imbribus excavata, Migne), Wrt. Voc. i. 287, 28. Ǽddrum cataractis, An

Linked entry: héþir

tosca

(n.)
Grammar
tosca, (-e; f. (?); in the Ritual feminines sometimes end in a), an; m.

A frog

Entry preview:

A frog Sceomiende (the glosser has taken rubeta as connected with rubeo) ða ðió is ácuoeden tosca rubeta illa quae dicitur rana, Rtl. 125, 27. Sette him heard wíte hundes fleógan and hí ǽtan eác yfle tostan (toscan ?) hæfdan hí eallunga út áworpen immisit

Linked entries: toxa tostan

Decem-ber

(n.)
Grammar
Decem-ber, gen. -bris; m. [dĕcem ten: Sansk. vāra: Pers. bār time, space: the tenth month of the Romans, beginning with March, and as we begin with January, it is our twelfth month]

The month of December ⬩ Dĕcember, bris

Entry preview:

The month of December; Dĕcember, bris, m Mónaþ Decembris, ǽrra iúla [geóla] the month of December, the former yule, Menol. Fox 437; Men. 220; January being after yule or Christmas is called Se æftera geóla; the after yule, Cott. Tibĕrius; B. i; Hick.

leó

(n.)
Grammar
leó, g. león; [a dat. leóne and acc. f. leó are found as well as regular forms león: the dat. pl. leónum is put under leóna q.v.] m. f.

A lion ⬩ lioness

Entry preview:

A lion, lioness Leó leo, Wrt. Voc. 77, 78. Leó leo, leena, Wrt. Voc. ii. 53, 47, 49. Ðæt nǽfre míne fýnd ne grípen míne sáwle swá swá leó nequando rapiat ut leo animam meam, Ps. Th. 7, 2: 21, 11. Ðá ongan seó leó fægnian ... Seó leó mid hire earmum scræf

Linked entries: leá león leóna

ge-þreágean

Grammar
ge-þreágean, ge-þreán, and (?) <b>ge-þreawian</b> (v. ge-þréwud [é = eá. Cf. bréd = breád, 72] incita ( =incitata (?)), Germ. 390, 82 (but with the remark 'b aus þ').
Entry preview:

Add: to rebuke, reprove Geðráð ðá ǽláruas increpat Pharisaeos, Lk. p. 9, 1. Geðreáde him se Hǽlend increpauit illi Iesus, Lk. L. 4, 35. Hé geðreáde (giðreóde, R.) hiá increpans illos, 9, 21. Geþreáte, Mt. L. 17, 18. Ðín ágen þwyrnes þé sceal geþrégean

Linked entry: ge-þréwud

simbel

Grammar
simbel, In 1. 10 for incessablia 1. incessabilia, and add — Þá þe him on siml wǽron mid farende, Ors. 3, 9; S. 130, 20. Heó wunode á on symbel neáh Sancte Marian cyrican
Entry preview:

juxta beatae Mariae ecclesiam semper manebat, Gr. D. 283, 6

cluf-þung

(n.)
Grammar
cluf-þung, e; f: cluf-þunge, an; f. [clufe, þung monkshood, hellebore; aconítum = ἀκόνιτον]

crow-foot ⬩ ranunculus sceleratus

Entry preview:

The herb crow-foot; ranunculus sceleratus, Lin Clufþung crow-foot, L. M. I, I; Lchdm. ii. 20, 4: I, 24; Lchdm. ii. 66, 14: I, 28; Lchdm. ii. 70, 2: I, 47; Lchdm. ii. 120, l: 3, 8; Lchdm. ii. 312, 20: iii. 12, 27. Ðeós wyrt ðe man sceleratam, and óðrum

Linked entries: clof-þung þung

ealdor

(n.)
Grammar
ealdor, ealdur, aldor; gen. ealdres; dat, ealdre; pl. nom. acc. ealdras; m. <b>I;</b> an

ELDER, parent, head of a family, author ⬩ părens, paterfamilias, auctor ⬩ an elder, chief, governor, prince ⬩ sĕnior, præpŏsītus, princeps

Entry preview:

ELDER, parent, head of a family, author; părens, paterfamilias, auctor Úre ealdras ða ǽrestan menn prīmi părentes nastri, Bd. I. 27; S. 493, 3. Ðæt unriht ðe his ealdras ǽr gefremedon inīquĭtas patrum ejus, Ps. Th. 108, 14. Sum híredes ealdor wæs hŏmo

Linked entries: aldor aldor ealder ealdur eldor ealdor-lang

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