Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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CRAFIAN

(v.)
Grammar
CRAFIAN, crafigan; p. ode, ede; pp. od, ed

To ask ⬩ CRAVE ⬩ implore ⬩ demand ⬩ summon ⬩ petere ⬩ postulare ⬩ in jus vocare

Entry preview:

He mid rihte crafede ðás ða he crafede he with right craved those things which he craved Chr. 1070; Erl. 208, 18, 23

Linked entries: be-crafian cræfian cræfian

snǽsan

(v.)
Grammar
snǽsan, p. de

To spit, run through with a pointed implement or weapon ⬩ to spit

Entry preview:

To spit, run through with a pointed implement or weapon Gif mon hafaþ spere ofer eaxle and hine mon on ásnáseþ (ásnǽseþ, MS. H., snǽseþ, MS. B.), gielde ðone wer bútan wíte; gif beforan eágum ásnáse (ásnǽse, MS. H.) gielde ðone wer L.

Linked entries: snás á-snǽsan

ge-spelia

(n.)
Grammar
ge-spelia, an; m. [spelian to represent]

A substitute ⬩ deputy ⬩ vicegerent ⬩ vĭcārius

Entry preview:

Wið Cristes gespelian against Christ's vicegerent, ix. 42; Th. i. 350, 3. He wæs Æþelstánes b' gespelian siððan he unfere wæs he was bishop Athelstane's substitute after he was unable to move, Chr. 1055; Erl. 191, 12

Linked entry: spala

a-weorpan

(v.)
Grammar
a-weorpan, -wurpan, -wyrpan ; ðú -wyrpst, he -wyrpþ ; p. ic, he -wearp, ðú -wurpe, pl. -wurpon; impert. -weorp, -wurp, -wyrp ðú; pp. -worpen; v. a. [a from, weorpan to throw]

To throw or cast from or down ⬩ to cast away or off ⬩ cast out ⬩ to degrade ⬩ reject ⬩ divorce ⬩ abjicere ⬩ dejicere ⬩ projicere ⬩ ejicere ⬩ propellere ⬩ repellere ⬩ reprobare ⬩ repudiare

Entry preview:

Aworpen wíf a divorced wife, L. Æ1f. C. 7 ; Th. ii. 346, 6. Aworpen man biþ á unnyt homo apostata, vir inutilis, Past. 47, 1; Hat. MS. 68 a, 23. Used also with the prepositions on into, as awurpan on to cast into, Mt. Foxe 13, 50. Fram from, Mt.

Linked entries: a-werpan a-worpen a-wurpan a-wurpon a-wyrpan

lífan

(v.)
Grammar
lífan, léfan, lýfan; p. de

allow ⬩ permit

Entry preview:

Wih. 6; Th. i. 38, 9. Gif eów Crist lýfan wylle, dæt ... Exon. 41 a; Th. 137, 27; Gú. 565

Linked entries: lǽfan léfan líft lýfan be-lífan

BLÓSTMA

(n.)
Grammar
BLÓSTMA, blósma, an; m.

A BLOSSOM, bloom, flower ⬩ flos

Entry preview:

He dysegaþ se ðe wintregum wederum wile blósman [Cot. blostman] sécan he is foolish who will seek flowers in wintry weather, Bt. 5, 2; Fox 10, 32. Ðænne wangas blóstmum blówaþ then [i.e. in summer] the fields bloom with flowers, Menol.

Linked entry: blóstm

ge-hwá

(n.; adj.; pronoun.)
Grammar
ge-hwá, <b>A.</b> as noun.
Entry preview:

(cb) with demonstrative Is þára ánra gehwám orgeate tácen.

sulung

(n.)
Grammar
sulung, e; f. A Kentish word for a certain quantity of land, derived, like carrucata, from a name of the plough; from its origin it might mean, so much land as could be cultivated by one plough. From the first two passages given below it would seem that the sulung was equivalent to two hides (manentes), and later a solanda, which is probably the same word, is said 'per se habere duas hidas.' v. Seebohm, Vill. Comm., p. 54. But perhaps it may be inferred that both hide and sulung were considered as on the same footing as regards the plough. Thus to the gebúr with his gyrd landes, i. e. one quarter of a hide, are to be given two oxen, L. R. S. 4; Th. i. 434, 23, while a gift of half a sulung is accompanied by the further gift of four oxen, Chart. Th. 470, 9-14. v. Seebohm, pp. 138-9, and generally. In the Domesday Survey of Kent the assessment was given by solins, and the word remained in use. v. Pegge's Kenticisms, s.v.
Entry preview:

Se cyning ( Ethelbert of Kent) sealde Wulláfe fíf sulung landes et Wassingwellan (Washingwell, in Kent) wið ðém fíf sulungum et Mersahám (Mersham, in Kent ), ii. 66, 17-19. Twá sulung æt Denetúne ( Denton, in Kent ), 380, 32

Linked entry: swulung

FǼHÞ

(n.)
Grammar
FǼHÞ, fǽgþ, e; f: fǽhþe, an; f: fǽhþo, fǽhþu; indecl. f.

Feud, vengeance, enmity, hostility, deadly feud, that enmity which the relations of the deceased waged against the kindred of the murderer ⬩ capĭtālis inĭmīcĭtia, vindĭcātio, hostīlĭtas, factio ob hŏmĭnem interemptum

Entry preview:

He geþingade þeódbúendum wið Fæder swǽsne fǽhþa mǽste he appeased for mankind the greatest feud with his dear Father, Exon. 16 b; Th. 39, 5; Cri. 617. On ða fǽgþe in that hostility, Andr. Kmbl. 567; An. 284.

Linked entries: fǽhþe fǽhþo

ceorl

Entry preview:

</b> a (married) man, husband :-- Ceorl þe wíf hæfð maritus, Wrt. Voc. i. 73, 13. Ceorl uxorius, ii. 124, 26. Wearð forðféred sumes wífes ceorl ... and sæt ꝥ wíf ofer þám líchaman hire forðférdan ceorles, Gr. D. 215, 18: Gn. Ex. 97.

wráþ

(adj.)
Grammar
wráþ, adj.

wroth ⬩ angry ⬩ incensed

Entry preview:

On wráþra wíc (hell), 94, 4; Cri. 1535. Wráðra, Cd. Th. 7, 5 ; Gen. 101. Wráþra gǽsta. Exon. Th. 424, 19 ; Rä. 41, 41. Wíte mid wráþum, 37, 18 ; Cri. 595. Hé gráp on wráðe, Cd. Th. 4, 30 ; Gen. 61.

ge-sceádwísness

Entry preview:

. ¶ as a personification :-- Ðá cwæþ seó Gesceádwísnes, Bt. 5, 3 ; F. 12, l. a reason, an argument Lóca nú hwæþer ðú wille ꝥ wit spyrigen æfter ǽnigre gesceádwísnesse furþor, nú wit ꝥ áfunden habbaþ ꝥ wit ǽr sóhton sed visne rationes ipsas invicem collidamus

Linked entry: sceádwísness

be-æftan

(prep.; adv.)

behind, ⬩ after

Entry preview:

Add: prep. local, in contrast with before Hé hæfde þriddan dǽl his firde beæftan him, Ors. 1, 12; S. 52, 33. in contrast with advance along with Hé forlét hundeahtatig þúsenda beæftan him, Ors. 2, 5; S. 78, 17: 5, 12; S. 240, 3. figurative Ic forlǽte

húsel

Entry preview:

Hé gehálgode húsel of hláfe and of wíne, Angl. vii. 44, 415. tó húsle (ge)hálgian to consecrate (bread and wine) for the Eucharist Hí hálgodon hláf and wín tó húsle, Hml.

Denisc

(adj.)
Grammar
Denisc, def; se Denisca; adj.

DANISH ⬩ Dānĭcus

Entry preview:

D. 872, Ælfréd cyning gefeaht wið feówer sciphlæstas Deniscra monna here, A. D. 872, king Alfred fought against four ship-crews of Danish men, 872; Th. 150, 28, col. 1.

Linked entry: Deniscan

steng

(n.)
Grammar
steng, es; m.
Entry preview:

Wið slege ísernes oððe stenges (stænges, MS. H.), Lchdm. i. 132, 4. Wið wunda som hý sýn of íserne, som hý sýn of stence (stæncge, MS. H.), 166, 10. Ðá hét se déma hí nacode gebindan tó ánum stænge, Shrn. 115, 13.

Linked entry: stæng

hólunga

(adv.)
Grammar
hólunga, adv.

In vain, ⬩ to no purpose, ⬩ without cause, ⬩ without intent

Entry preview:

Mid ðý wé wið ðam winde and wið ðam sǽ holonga campodan cumque cum vento pelagoque frustra certantes, 5, 1; S. 613, 27

Linked entries: hól hólinga

ge-mittan

Entry preview:

weorces wísan, Gen. 1687. (3 a) with reflex, pron. used reciprocally Þonne wé ús gemittað on þám mǽstan dæge, Dóm. 104. to find, with no idea of search, premeditation or effort, to come upon, come across, meet with Gefoerde gefand ł gemitte (invenit

ícan

Entry preview:

Voc. ii. 54, 71. (2 a) to increase with with dat. Hé iécte mægðum and mæcgum mǽgburge síne, Gen. 1122. with mid Hé ícte (iécte, v. l. cumulavit ) his ágne scylde mid ðǽm æfste, Past. 233, 21.

biddan

to ask ⬩ to ask ⬩ to pray to

Entry preview:

Th. ii. 416, 15. with ellipsis of þæt and subject of clause :-- Wilt þú fremdne monnan biddan þé gesecge, Sch. 4. by infin.

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