Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
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Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

fleah

(n.)
Grammar
fleah, fleó, flió, flié, flíg; indecl. n: fleá, an; m.

A white spot in the eye ⬩ albūgo

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A white spot in the eye; albūgo Þurh ðone æpl ðæs eágan mon mæg geseón, gif him ðæt fleah on ne gǽþ, gif hine ðonne ðæt fleah mid ealle ofergǽþ, ðonne ne mæg he nóht geseón a man can see with the pupil of the eye, if the white speck does not spread over

fóddor-þegu

(n.)
Grammar
fóddor-þegu, fóddur-þegu, fódor-þegu, e; f. [þegu a taking, receiving]

A taking or receiving food ⬩ food ⬩ cĭbi acceptio ⬩ cĭbus

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A taking or receiving food, food; cĭbi acceptio, cĭbus Ðæt hie tobrugdon, blódigum ceaflum, fira flǽschoman him to fóddorþege that they tore asunder, with bloody jaws, the bodies of men for their food, Andr. Kmbl. 320; An. 160.

fót-welm

(n.)
Grammar
fót-welm, -wylm, es; m: fót-wolma, an; m.

The sole of the foot ⬩ pĕdis planta

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Mid ðære cóðe he wæs ofset fram ðam hnolle ufan óþ his fótwylmas neoðan with which disease he was afflicted from the crown above to the soles of his feet below, Homl. Th. ii. 480, 12: 508, 20.

líhting

(n.)
Grammar
líhting, e; f.

Lightening ⬩ alleviation ⬩ relief ⬩ mitigation ⬩ release

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Lightening, alleviation, relief, mitigation, release Ðis is seó líhtinge ðe ic wylle eallon folce gebeorgan ðe hig ǽr ðyson mid gedrehte wǽron ealles tó swýðe this is the relief that I will secure to all folk in regard to matters with which they were

líne

(n.)
Grammar
líne, an; f.

a line ⬩ rope ⬩ a line ⬩ row ⬩ rule ⬩ canon

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a line, rope, a coil of rope Langre línan with a long line, Salm. Kmbl. 589; Sal. 294. Línan spiræ, Ælfc. Gl. 104; Som. 78, 14; Wrt.

mǽþ-líc

(adj.)
Grammar
mǽþ-líc, adj.

Moderate ⬩ in accordance with due measure ⬩ proper to a person's degree ⬩ having regard to others

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Moderate, in accordance with due measure, proper to a person's degree, having regard to others (v. mǽþ-líce) Beón ða heregeata swá hit mǽþlíc sý let the heriots be as is proper to the several degrees (earl's, king's thane, &c. ), L. C.

Linked entry: mǽþ-full

ge-beót

(n.)
Grammar
ge-beót, es; n. [ge-, beót a threatening] .

a threatening ⬩ threat ⬩ boast ⬩ commĭnātio ⬩ mĭnæ ⬩ a promise ⬩ promissum

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Swá fela þeóda wurdon todǽlede æt ðæle wundorlícan byrig ðe ða entas woldon wircean mid gebeóte æfter Noes flóde, ǽr ðan ðe hí toferdon so many [of] nations were divided at the wonderful city which the giants would build with boasting after the flood

ge-dreccan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-dreccan, p. -drehte; pp. -dreht, -dreaht

To vex ⬩ afflict ⬩ torment ⬩ oppress ⬩ vexare ⬩ affligere ⬩ tribulare ⬩ opprimere

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Beornas, gretaþ hýgegeómre hreówum gedreahte men sad in mind with griefs afflicted shall wail, Exon. 22 b; Th. 61, 34; Cri. 994. Hí scondum gedreahte they shamefully tormented, Exon. 26 b; Th. 79, 32; Cri. 1299 : 30 a; Th. 92, 15; Cri. 1509.

Linked entries: ge-drecte ge-dreht

ge-sǽlan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-sǽlan, p. de; pp. ed [sǽlan to bind, tie]

To bind, tie ⬩ lĭgāre

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He ligeþ synnum gesǽled he lies bound with sins, 18 b; Th. 46, 12; Cri. 736: Beo. Th. 5521; B. 2764: Cd. 37; Th. 47, 23; Gen. 765: 200; Th. 248, 30; Dan. 251. Ðonne geméte gyt ðǽr eoselan gesǽlede then shall ye find there an ass tied, Blickl.

Linked entry: sǽlan

ge-scerpan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-scerpan, -scirpan, -scyrpan; p. te

To clothe, furnish, adorn, deck ⬩ vestire, ornare

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Ðá ðæt folc hine geseah swá gescyrpedne when the people saw him so furnished [i. e. with sword and spear, and riding on the king's horse ], Bd. 2, 13; S. 517, 10: 5, 19; S. 638, 9, 10. Fugla cynn fiðerum gescyrped volucres pennatæ, Ps. Th. 148, 10.

scír-geréfa

(n.)
Grammar
scír-geréfa, an; m.
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On Æðelwines scíregeréfan gewitnesse, 10, 27. of an ecclesiastic, v. scir, Ðonne sceall Cristes scírgeréfan ( the bishop) ðæt witan, and ymbe ðæt dihtan and déman, swá swá béc tǽcan, L. I. P. 25; Th. ii. 340, 8

Linked entry: ge-réfa

tán

(adj.)
Grammar
tán, adj.

Having branches, spreading, used metaphorically of the offspring of a parent; cf. The use of branch in speaking of the members of a family

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The use of branch in speaking of the members of a family Ic Ismael wille bletsian, swá ðú béna eart, ðæt feorhdaga on woruldríce worn gebíde tánum túdre ( with a family that has many branches.

tennan

(v.)
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Grein suggests comparison with O. M. H. Ger. Cf. Ih zeno sie provocabo eos, Grff. v. 685. Could tendaþ be read? Ontendan and connected words are used figuratively; see also tendan.] (?)

þroht-heard

(adj.)
Grammar
þroht-heard, adj.

strong under afflictions ⬩ having fortitude or endurance in trouble ⬩ grievously hard

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strong under afflictions, having fortitude or endurance in trouble Ne geald hé (Stephen) yfel yfele, ac his ealdfeóndum þingode þrohtheard he requited not evil with evil, but strong to bear his sufferings he interceded for his foes, Elen.

andergilde

(adj.)
Entry preview:

, and the proverb be translated: Never let it get so bad with you that you don't hope for something better by things righting themselves

Linked entry: un-andergilde

be-lǽdan

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Þe lǽs ús se lytiga belǽde on his sylfes wíte, Hml. A. 195, 10. Nellan on belǽdan (inferre) swincgla ús, Coll. M. 18, 22. Of rihtan wege belǽdan, Btwk. 196, 19. On belǽdan inrogare, ingerere. An. Ox. 3944

be-mǽnan

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S. 13, 286. with clause Hé bemǽnde þæt Maurus ðæs óðres deáðes fægnian sceolde, Hml. Th. ii. 164, 9. Hí bemǽndon sárlíce ꝥ hí swylce yrmðe gesáwon, Hml. S. 25, 213. to feel penitence for Þá þing bemǽnað ł behreówsiað (compungimini), Ps. L. 4, 6.

beó-breád

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For meanings given substitute: Honeycomb with honey, and add Beóbreád favus, Wrt. Voc. i. 27, 65: favum, 284, 70: favi, ii. 37, 62: Beóbréd favus, Germ. 390, 72. Hwæt getácnode ðæs hunies beóbreád ?

bonda

Grammar
bonda, l. bónda,
Entry preview:

. ¶ A comparison of Wlfst. 172, 5: 181, 9 with L. Eth. viii. 2: Si quis jejunium snum infringat, reddat liber pauper .xxx. d., gives liber pauper as the translation of bónda. and add

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