Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

peorð

(n.)
Grammar
peorð, the name of the Runic p. Its meaning is doubtful. Grimm notices the name for f in the old Sclavonic alphabet, fert, and the Persian name for one of the figures on the chess-board, ferz. Kemble seems to take the latter, translating the word by
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chess-man; but it is doubtful whether the knowledge of chess was early enough among the Teutons to allow of this interpretation. v. Zacher Das Runenalphabet, pp. 7-9. The verse which accompanies the Rune in the Runic poem is the following Peorð byþ symble

candel

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Condel funalia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 109, 34. Candel candela, i. 284, 34: 81, 34. Gif þé smælre candelle geneódige, þonne bláw þú on þínum scytefingre, Tech. ii. 120, 20. Acolitus is gecweden sé þe candele oððe tapor byrð, Ll. Th. ii. 348, 4. Gyf man mǽte

ge-rím

(n.)
Grammar
ge-rím, es; n.

A number, computation, calendar, diary ⬩ nŭmĕrus, compŭtātio, ephāmĕris

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A number, computation, calendar, diary; nŭmĕrus, compŭtātio, ephāmĕris = έφημερίs Ðæs næs ná gerím cujus non ĕrat nŭmĕrus, Ps. Spl. 104, 32. Feówer and twentig wintra gerímes twenty four winters in number, Chr. 1065; Erl. 196, 26, 40; Edw. 7, 21: Cd.

Linked entry: gerím-bóc

hosu

(n.)
Grammar
hosu, e (an ?); f. (and <b>? hosa,</b> an; m.; but perhaps hosa, Wrt. Voc. i. 81, 48, might be pl., or a mistake for hose (cf. eága for eáge, 70, 42,
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or for hosu) Hosa caliga vel ocrea, Wrt. Voc. i. 81, 48. Synd gesealde from þám abbode ealle neádbehéfe þing, þæt is . . . hosa (hosan, R. Ben I. 93, 9, calige ), R. Ben. 92, 3. Habbon hig tó fótgewǽdum hosa (hosan, R. Ben. I. 92, 1), 88, 14. Hý habbaþ

Linked entry: hosa

Q

Grammar
Q, This letter occurs but seldom in Anglo-Saxon; in those native words where qu is now found, e. g. quick, quoth, cw or cu was written, cwic, cuic, cwæþ, cuæþ. In the glossary (belonging to the eighth century) given in Wrt. Voc. ii. 98 sqq. are six instances of words beginning with qu, and four others occur in the same volume; in the Blickling Gloss the form quémde glosses complacebam, and the foreign word
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reliquias retained its original form

þý-dǽges

(adv.)
Grammar
þý-dǽges, adv.

On that day ⬩ then

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On that day, then Gif ðǽr byð án ofer ða seofon, ðonne tácnaþ ðæt ðæt se mónð gǽð on Sunnandæg on túne; gif ðǽr beóð ofer ða seofon twá oððe þreó, feówer oððe fífe oððe syxe, wite ðú tó sóðe ðæt ðýdæges cymð sé mónð tó manuum, Anglia viii. 304, 13: 310

sweofot

(n.)
Grammar
sweofot, es; n.

Sleep ⬩ dormientes potius quam extinctos putares,

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Sleep Hé Hróðgáres heorðgeneátas slóh on sweofote, slǽpende frǽt, Beo. Th. 3166; B. 1581: 4579; B. 2295. Hé ( the panther ) þreó nihta fæc swefeþ on sweofote, slǽpe gebiesgad, Exon. Th. 358, 1; Pa. 39. Ðonne hé selþ gecorenum his swefetu (cf. fhe use

Linked entry: swefet

mann-swica

Grammar
mann-swica, mán-swica ?. [In favour of mán- it may be noted that mann- does not occur as the first part of this compound, but does occur with -slaga; in Wlfst. 55, 6 the a has the accent in two MSS. (though in one of these mán- is written in mánslagan, Wlfst. 26, 14), and at 114, 13 manswican is a v. l. for mánsworan.]
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In l. 2 read mannslagan, and add: a deceiver, cheat Án unlagu æt ðám ætfengan þe swicigende manswican lufedan be-westan, Ll. Lbmn, 244, 28. Swá geráde manswican (man-, v. ll. ) þe on ðá wísan swǽslíce swiciað on unriht, þæt syndan forbodan Antecrístes

Ecg-bryht

(n.)
Grammar
Ecg-bryht, -briht, -berht, -byrht, es; m. [ecg edge, sword; bryht bright, excellent] Egbert; Ecgbryhtus; king of Wessex for thirty-seven years and seven months, from A.D. 800-837. Egbert chose Swithun [v. Swíþhún] for the preceptor to his son Æðelwulf, the heir to the throne of Wessex
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Hér, A.D. 800, Ecgbryht féng to Wesseaxna ríce here, A.D. 800, Egbert succeeded to the kingdom of the West-Saxons, Chr. 800; Erl. 60, 4. Hér, A.D. 837 [MS. 836], Ecgbryht cyning forþférde, se rícsode xxxvii wintra and vii mónþas here, A.D. 837, king Egbert

EÓWU

(n.)
Grammar
EÓWU, gen. eówe ; pl. nom. acc. eówa; gen. eówena; dat. eówenum; f; ewe, an; f. A

EWE, female sheep ⬩ ŏvis fēmĭna

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EWE, female sheep; ŏvis fēmĭna Ewes were milked by the Anglo-Saxons. The milk was used for domestic purposes: butter and cheese were made from it; for Ælfric teaches the shepherd [sceáp-hyrde] to say, 'On fórewerdne morgen ic drífe sceáp míne to heora

Linked entries: eáwu eówe eówena eúwu éwe éwe

wending

(n.)
Grammar
wending, e; f.

Turning ⬩ a turning round ⬩ revolution ⬩ changing ⬩ mutation

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Turning. a turning round, revolution. Cf. wendan On ánre wendinge, ða hwíle ðe hé (the firmament) ǽne betyrnð, gǽð forð feówor and twéntig tída Hexam. 5; Norm. 8, 30. a turning up or over Gif ðǽr sié ðæs hrifes wendung if the stomach be upset (?) Lchdm

healf-mearc

(n.)
Grammar
healf-mearc, es; n.

A half-mark

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A half-mark Hé hæfð geboht healfe híde landes mid healfmarce goldes and mid áne punde seolfres and twégan óran, C. D. iv. 136, 34. Fylste ǽlc gegylda he[alf]mearc tó fylste, Cht. Th. 611, 32. Ic an míne láuedy halfmarc goldes, C. D. iv. 308, 2: Cht.

morgen-gifu

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Ic gean into Ǽlíg . . þára þreó landa þe wit búta geheótan Gode, ꝥ is æt rettendúne þe wes mín morgangifu . . . C. D. iii. 274, 16. Gewát Eádríc ær Ælféh cwideleás, and Ælféh féng tó his lǽne. Ðá hæfde Eádríc láfe and nán bearn. Þá geúþe Ælféh hire hire

þing-gemearc

(n.)
Grammar
þing-gemearc, es; n.

Measuring (time) by events

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Measuring (time) by events (? cf. other compounds of gemearc, e.g. fót-, geár-gemearc, where the first part determines the character of the measurement, measurement by feet, by years; in the case of almost all such compounds it is an (adverbial) genitive

Temes

(n.)
Grammar
Temes, Temese the Thames. In the declension both weak and strong forms are found. [In Latin, nom. Temis, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. 30, 12, Temes, ii. 23, 12: gen. Tamisae, i. 98, 1: dat. Taemise, 216, 25: acc. Tamesim Bd. 1, 2; S. 42, 34 may be cited]
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Neáh ðære ié ðe mon hǽt Temes (Temese, MS. C.) ad flumen Tamesim, Ors. 5, 12; Swt. 238, 22. Sý eá hátte Temese, Chr. Erl. 5, 11. Ymbe heora landgemǽra: andlang Temese (on Temese, 8), L. A. G. 1; Th. i. 152, 18. Út on Temese; ðonne ondlong Temese, Cod.

lactuca

(n.)
Grammar
lactuca, an; f. This word seems to retain its Latin form in the nominative, but otherwise conforms to English usage, and is generally treated as a weak noun. The form lactucas, however, occurs in the Leechdoms, which, though it looks like a strong plural masc., seems to be singular
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Lactuca hátte seó wyrt ðe hí etan sceoldon mid ðám þeorfum hláfum heó is biter on þigene lettuce was the name of the herb that they were to eat with the unleavened loaves; it is bitter in the eating, Homl. Th. ii. 278, 26. Nim lactucan ánc hand fulle

þeód

Grammar
þeód, <b>I a.</b> add: 'a body of warriors, old and young, attached by personal service to the king ... the comitatus mentioned by Tacitus apparently resembled the þeód in all respects,' Chadwick's Origin of the English Nation, p. 311. Cf. pp. 156, 303, 3, 4. v. þeód-guma, -wita,
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and cf. þeóden; dryht, dryhten Hér is seghwylc eorl ... mandrihtne hold, þegnas syndon geþwǽre, þeód ealgearo, druncne dryhtguman B. 1230. Wæs seó þeód tilu, 1250

Agustus

(n.)
Grammar
Agustus, nom. acc. gen. Agustuses; dat.- Agustuse; m. [generally spelled incorrectly in Anglo-Saxon MSS: Agustus, as well as Agustinus, for Augustus and Augustīnus, from augustus majestic, august, from augeo to increase, exalt, honour, praise] ,

Augustus ⬩ the month of August ⬩ mensis Augustus

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Augustus, the first Roman emperor, reigned from A. C. 30 to A. D. 14 Wearþ Agustus sárig Augustus was grieved, Ors. 5, 15; Bos. 114, 38. Agustuses látteówas the generals of Augustus, 5, 15; Bos. 114, 34. Búton Agustuse sylfum without Augustus himself

Linked entry: Augustus

ge-byrd

(n.)
Grammar
ge-byrd, gen. dat. -byrde; acc. -byrde, -byrd; pl. nom. gen. acc. a; dat. um; f : ge -byrdo; indecl. in s; f : found in both s. and pl. without any apparent difference of meaning.

birth ⬩ origin ⬩ beginning ⬩ parentage ⬩ family ⬩ lineage ⬩ nativitas ⬩ origo ⬩ stirps ⬩ genus ⬩ nature ⬩ quality ⬩ state ⬩ condition ⬩ lot ⬩ fate ⬩ natura ⬩ qualitas ⬩ conditio ⬩ sors ⬩ fatum

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birth, origin, beginning, parentage, family, lineage; nativitas, origo, stirps, genus Bearnes þurh gebyrde through the birth of a child, Exon. 9 a; Th. 5, 28; Cri. 76. Þurh bearnes gebyrd through child-birth, 8 b; Th. 3, 18; Cri. 38. On dæg gebyrde die

Linked entries: weorold-gebyrd ge-bærd beorþ ge-bird ge-byrdo byrd byrde byrdnys byrd-scype

stán-clif

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Add: a crag Ofer þá stówe ufon wæs hangiende unmǽte stánclif (ingens rupes ), Gr. D. 52, 16: 99, 2. Wearð upp áscoten swýðlicu mycelnes þæs ungemǽtan stánclifes ingentis saxi moles erupta est, 12, 9. Hé gecerde stánclif (rupem) on wellas wætra, Ps. Vos

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