Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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á-wendan

(v.)

To turn. ⬩ to give a certain direction to ⬩ to return ⬩ to reduce ⬩ bring into subjection ⬩ to turn aside, ⬩ to remove ⬩ divert ⬩ to avert ⬩ to pervert ⬩ to change ⬩ to turn into something else ⬩ transform ⬩ to translate ⬩ reproduce something with other material ⬩ to exchange ⬩ To turn ⬩ take a certain direction

Entry preview:

S. 8, 60. to exchange Hwá áwent módignysse mid sóðre eádmódnysse, oððe hwá druncennysse mid sýfer-nysse, bútan strece?, Hml. Th. i. 360, 4. Heó áwende mutarit (bona corporis animi virtute), An. Ox. 8, 261. intrans.

Linked entry: on-wendan

ge-grípan

Entry preview:

Nim swá mycel swá þú mid þrím fingron gegrípan mæge, Lch. i. 230, 11. Mið ðý gegripen (-grippen, L.) wæs hond his praehensa manu ejus, Mk. R. 1, 31. Gegripen adprehensum, Kent.

býsting

(n.)
Grammar
býsting, es; m.
Entry preview:

BIESTINGS, the first milk of a cow after calving; colostrum Býsting, þicce meolc biestings, thick milk, Ælfc. Gl. 33; Som. 62, 20; Wrt. Voc. 28, 3

Linked entry: bísting

wiþerian

(v.)
Grammar
wiþerian, wiþrian; p. ode.

to be against ⬩ be hostile ⬩ to strive ⬩ struggle ⬩ dispute ⬩ to resist ⬩ oppose ⬩ to make hostile ⬩ provoke ⬩ to become provoked

Entry preview:

Eal folc hine tó ðære geðincðe geceás, þeáh ðe hé mid eallum mægne wiðerigende wǽre, Homl.

helpan

to succour ⬩ to be serviceable ⬩ to profit ⬩ avail

Entry preview:

Th. i. 172, 18. to be serviceable, to profit, avail. the subject a person Ne helpað hí mid óðrum hira niéhstum, mid óðrum hí him deriað in uno proximorum vitam minus adjuvant, in alters multum gravant, Past. 449, 28. the subject a thing, given by a noun

ge-feormian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-feormian, p. ode; pp. od. v. a.

to entertain ⬩ harbour ⬩ receive as a guest ⬩ feed ⬩ cherish ⬩ support ⬩ suscipere ⬩ hospitio suscipere ⬩ epulare ⬩ fovere ⬩ curare ⬩ to feed on ⬩ devour ⬩ vesci ⬩ comedere ⬩ to cleanse ⬩ farm ⬩ cleanse out ⬩ mundare

Entry preview:

Hát gefeormian mín blód bid [them] wipe away my blood, Blickl. Homl. 183, 26

ge-sceap

(n.)
Grammar
ge-sceap, -scæp, -scep, es; pl. nom. acc. -sceapu, -sceapo; gen. -sceapa, -sceapena; n.

a creation, created being or thing, creature ⬩ creātio, creātūra ⬩ a decree, fate, destiny, condition, nature, form, shape ⬩ fātum, destĭnāta, condĭtio, nātūra, indŏles, forma, spĕcies ⬩ the privy members ⬩ vĕrenda, pŭdenda ⬩ creature ⬩ decrees of fate

Entry preview:

Swá mín gesceapu wǽron such were my decrees, Exon. 103 a; Th. 391, 19; Rä. 10, 7: 110 a; Th. 421, 26; Rä. 40, 24: Cd. 76; Th. 95, 4; Gen. 1573.

Linked entries: ge-scæp ge-scapu

hǽtu

Entry preview:

H. 7, 27. great warmth of feeling, fervour Se rehtgeleáfa mid haetu (calore ) walle, Ps. Srt. ii. p. 201, 17. v. lencten-, sumer-hǽtu hǽte

hwæt-hwega

Entry preview:

Se Wísdóm ... mín geþóht hwæthwegu (-hwugu, v. l. ) úp árǽrde, Bt. 3, 1; F. 4, 26. Mín lár hwæthwugu ingǽð on þín ondgit, 13; F. 36, 33. Him hwæthwugu sió sóðfæsðnes on geeácnod bið jam aliquid de veritatis intellectu conceperant, Past. 367, 17.

steór

(n.)
Grammar
steór, and stýr, e; f.
Entry preview:

Mid woruldcundre steóre with punishment inflicted by the secular power, L. Eth. vi. 50; Th. i. 328, 3. Mid worldlícre steóre, ix. 15; Th. i. 344, 4: L. I. P. 2; Th. ii. 304, 18: Wulfst. 169, 8: 311, 16.

CILD

(n.)
Grammar
CILD, cildes, cild, sometimes cildru, cildra ; n.

A CHILD, infant ⬩ infans, puer

Entry preview:

Mid cilde beón, weorþan, or wesan to be with child, Bd. Whelc. 487, 22

Linked entry: cyld

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

earming

(n.)
Grammar
earming, erming, yrming, es; m.

A wretched or miserable being ⬩ mĭser

Entry preview:

Ða ðe ðæs wélan gitsiaþ, hí biþ symle wædlan and earmingas on hyra móde they who covet wealth are always poor and miserable beings in their mind, Prov. Kmbl. 50

Linked entry: erming

eorþ-wéla

(n.)
Grammar
eorþ-wéla, an; m.

Earth-wealth, fertility ⬩ terrestres dīvĭtiæ, fertĭlĭtas

Entry preview:

Earth-wealth, fertility; terrestres dīvĭtiæ, fertĭlĭtas Mid Egyptum wearþ syfan gear se ungemetlíca eorþwéla for seven years there was very great fertility in Egypt, Ors. 1, 5; Bos. 28, 3.

fót-welm

(n.)
Grammar
fót-welm, -wylm, es; m: fót-wolma, an; m.

The sole of the foot ⬩ pĕdis planta

Entry preview:

Mid ðære cóðe he wæs ofset fram ðam hnolle ufan óþ his fótwylmas neoðan with which disease he was afflicted from the crown above to the soles of his feet below, Homl. Th. ii. 480, 12: 508, 20.

fyrþran

(v.)
Grammar
fyrþran, fyrþrian; p. ede, ode; pp. ed, od [furðor further]

To further ⬩ support ⬩ advance ⬩ promote ⬩ provehere ⬩ promŏvēre

Entry preview:

To further, support, advance, promote; provehere, promŏvēre Ðæt ic eáðe mæg ánra gehwylcne fremman and fyrþran freónda mína that I may easily advance and further every one of my friends, Andr. Kmbl. 1867; An. 936.

Linked entry: firþriende

HWǼTE

(n.)
Grammar
HWǼTE, es; m.

WHEAT

Entry preview:

Hé hí fédde mid hwǽte, Ps. 80, 15. Tó ðæm ðæt hé him tó tíde gemetlíce gedǽle ðone hwǽte ut det illis in tempore tritici mensuram, Past. 63; Swt. 459, 13. Fullne hwǽte on ðam eare plenum frumentum in spica, Mk. Skt. 4, 28. Hwǽtas frumenta, Ælfc.

in-lagian

(v.)
Grammar
in-lagian, p. ode
Entry preview:

To restore an outlaw to the protection of the law Ǽrest ðæt hé his ágenne wer gesylle ðam cyninge and Criste and mid ðam hine sylfne inlagige first, thnt he [a man who has committed manslaughter in a church] pay his own 'wer' to the king and to Christ

líhting

(n.)
Grammar
líhting, e; f.

Lightening ⬩ alleviation ⬩ relief ⬩ mitigation ⬩ release

Entry preview:

Lightening, alleviation, relief, mitigation, release Ðis is seó líhtinge ðe ic wylle eallon folce gebeorgan ðe hig ǽr ðyson mid gedrehte wǽron ealles tó swýðe this is the relief that I will secure to all folk in regard to matters with which they were

méce

(n.)
Grammar
méce, es; m.

A sword ⬩ falchion ⬩ blade

Entry preview:

Mid áwendenlícum méce romphæa versatili vel volubili ancipiti, utraque parte acutus, Hpt. Gl. 433, 70. Slóh fágum méce, Judth. 10; Thw. 23, 4; Jud. 204. Scírne méce a bright blade, Exon. 79 a; Th. 297, 8; Crä. 65. Heardne méce, Byrht.

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