Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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burg-waran

(n.)
Grammar
burg-waran, burh-waran, gen. -warena; pl. m.
Entry preview:

Inhabitants of a city, citizens; urbis incolæ, cives Ealle burgwaran all the city-inhabitants, Exon. 121b; Th. 467, 6; Hö. 134: 120b; Th. 462, 23; Hö. 56. Burgwarena fruma the chief of the citizens, Scóp Th. 182; Wíd. 90

Linked entry: burh-waran

burh-geat

(n.)
Grammar
burh-geat, -gat, burg-, es; pl. nom. acc. u. a. o; n.
Entry preview:

Fóre burg-geatum before the city-gates, Andr. Kmbl. 1679; An. 842: Exon. 120a; Th. 461, 20; Hö. 38

Linked entries: burg-geat burh-gata

ealaþ

(n.)
Grammar
ealaþ, ealoþ, alaþ, alþ, aloþ, eoloþ; n; indecl. in s. but gen. alþes, Rtl. 116, 42,

Ale ⬩ cervĭsia

Entry preview:

Ale; cervĭsia Twelf ambra Wilisces ealaþ [MS. B. ealoþ] twelve ambers of Welsh ale, L. In. 70; Th. i. 146, 17: Ors. 5, 3; Bos. 103. 33

Linked entries: alaþ aloþ ealoþ eoloþ ælaþ

ge-bærnan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-bærnan, p. -bærnde; pp. -bærned [ge, and bærnan to burn]

To burn ⬩ ūrĕre

Entry preview:

To burn; ūrĕre Ne ðé sunne on dæge gebærne per diem sol non ūret te, Ps. Th. 120, 6

Linked entries: ge-bærd-stán gebærn-lím ge-bernan

feówerþe-móder

(n.)
Grammar
feówerþe-móder, indecl. in sing; but dat, sing. -méder; pl. nom. acc. -módra; gen. -módra; dat. -módrum; f.

A great-great-grandmother ⬩ ăbăvia

Entry preview:

A great-great-grandmother; ăbăvia, Ælfc. Gl. 91; Som. 75, 13; Wrt. Voc. 51, 58

for-búgan

(v.)
Grammar
for-búgan, port, -búgende; p. -beáh, pl. -bugon; impert. -búh, pl. -búgaþ; pp. -bogen; v. trans.

To bend from ⬩ pass by ⬩ decline ⬩ avoid ⬩ shun ⬩ eschew ⬩ recēdĕre ⬩ prætĕrīre ⬩ declīnāre ⬩ evītāre ⬩ devītāre

Entry preview:

To bend from, pass by, decline, avoid, shun, eschew; recēdĕre, prætĕrīre, declīnāre, evītāre, devītāre He mæg forbúgan ða þegnunga he can decline the ministrations, Past. 7, 2; Hat. MS. 12 a. 14: Wald. 25; Vald. 1, 15. Hú man sélost mæg synna forbúgan

help

Grammar
help, hylp (an i-stem noun? Cf. u-grade forms, hulpa, hulfa in O. L. Ger. and O.H.Ger. But cf. also hylpan = helpan):

help ⬩ assistance ⬩ succour ⬩ an aid ⬩ a thing ⬩ a place ⬩ a refuge ⬩ a cure ⬩ remedy of disease

Entry preview:

Add: help, assistance, succour Nú is hire helpe heáhsǽl cumen venit tempus miserendi ejus, Ps. Th. 101, Is micel þearf ealre þisse þeóde helpes and rǽdes. Wlfst. 243, 4. Sende se túnrǽd his helges biddende. Hml. S. 31, 1220. Hé hyne bæd hylpes, Shrn.

Linked entry: helpe

FRÓFOR

(n.)
Grammar
FRÓFOR, frófer, frófur; gen. frófre; f: v. <b>II;</b> but frófor and frófer are sometimes m.

comfort ⬩ solace ⬩ consolation ⬩ help ⬩ benefit ⬩ profit ⬩ refuge ⬩ sōlāmen ⬩ sōlātium ⬩ consōlātio ⬩ auxĭlium ⬩ refŭgium

Entry preview:

comfort, solace, consolation, help, benefit, profit, refuge; sōlāmen, sōlātium, consōlātio, auxĭlium, refŭgium Sió frófor the comfort, Bt. Met. Fox 21, 32; Met. 21, 16. Wæs frófor cumen comfort was come. Cd. 72; Th. 89, 4; Gen. 1475. Frófor eft gelamp

Linked entries: fréfer fréfrian frófer frófur fróuer

for-swelan

(v.)
Grammar
for-swelan, p. -swæl, pl. -swǽlon; pp. -swolen [swelan to burn]

To burn up ⬩ kindle ⬩ combūri

Entry preview:

To burn up, kindle; combūri Hit fǽringa fýre byrneþ, forsweleþ under sunnan it suddenly burns with fire, kindles under the sun, Exon. 63 b; Th. 233, 29; Ph. 532

Linked entry: swelan

weorold

(n.)
Grammar
weorold, (-uld), weorld, worold (-uld, -eld), world, e; f. (but se woruld, Prov. Kmbl. 40: worldes, Lk. Skt. l, 70: ðissum worulde, Met. 10, 70)
Entry preview:

Seó burh Iericho mid hire seofon weallum getác*-*node ðás áteorigendlícan woruld, ðe tyrnð on seofon dagum, and hí symle geedlǽcaþ, óð ðæt seó geendung eallum mannum becume, Homl. Th. ii. 214, 29.

Linked entries: weorld weoruld werold weruld world woruld

Eádmundes burh

(n.)
Grammar
Eádmundes burh, gen. burge; dat. byrig; f. [Eádmundes Edmund's, burh the town]

St. Edmundsbury, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk

Entry preview:

Edmundsbury, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk Hér, A. D. 1046, forþférde Æðelstán abbot on Abban dúne and féng Spearhafoc munuc to of Sc̃e Eádmundes byrig here died Æthelstan, abbot of Abingdon, and monk Spearhawk of St.

Linked entry: Bederices weorþ

DÓHTOR

(n.)
Grammar
DÓHTOR, dóhtur, dóhter; indecl. in sing. but the dat. déhter is found: pl. nom. acc. dóhtor, dóhtra, dóhtru, dóhter; gen. dóhtra; dat. instr. dóhtrum; f.
Entry preview:

A DAUGHTER; fīlia Mín dóhtor is deád fīlia mea dēfuncta est, Mt. Bos. 9, 18. Gelýf, dóhtor confide, fīlia, 9, 22. Ðú fram mínre dóhtor onwóce thou from my daughter wast born, Cd. 223; Th. 292, 11; Sat. 439. Ðá wæs ellen-wód fæder wið déhter then was

Linked entries: dóchtor dóhtar dóhter dóhtur

twelf

(n.; num.; adj.)
Grammar
twelf, generally indeclinable if used adjectivally and preceding the noun, but generally in other cases declined; nom. acc. twelfe; gen. twelfa; dat. twelfum.
Entry preview:

Twelve. adjectival Ða twelf ðíne þeówas sind gebróðru, Gen. 42, 13. Wé twelf gebróðru wǽron ánes esnes suna, 32. Twelf (tuoelf altered from tuoelfo, Lind.: twelf, Rush.) tída ðæs dæges, Jn. Skt. 11, 9. Twelf wintra tíd, Beo. Th. 296; B. 147. Be twelf

Linked entry: endleofan

þenedness

(n.)
Grammar
þenedness, þeneness, þénest, þénestre, þeng. v. tó-þenedness, á-þeneness (ðenenis is given in Ps. Surt. ii. p. 194, 15, but áðenenes
Entry preview:

in Txts. 411, 48), þegnest, þegnestre, þegen

burg-steal

(n.)
Grammar
burg-steal, es; m. [burg a fortress, city, steal a place]
Entry preview:

A city-place; arcis locus, arx Brosnade burgsteal the city-place has perished, Exon. 124a; Th. 477, 23; Ruin. 29

Linked entry: burh-steal

buruh-þelu

(n.)
Grammar
buruh-þelu, e; f. [burh a castle, þelu a plank, board]
Entry preview:

A castle-floor; arcis tabulatum Buruhþelu dynede the castle-floor sounded, Fins. Th. 61; Fin. 30

Linked entries: þelu burh-þelu

meaht

(n.)
Grammar
meaht, <b>, maht, meaht, meht, mieht, miht,</b> e; f. (but mihtes,
  • Ps, Th. 70, 18
).

Might ⬩ power ⬩ virtue ⬩ ability ⬩ an exercise of power ⬩ mighty work

Entry preview:

Might, power, virtue, ability Meaht eorþlíces ríces potestas terreni imperii, Bd. 2, 9; S. 510, 13. Seó godcunde meht, Blickl. Homl. 19, 20. Gif hǽto oððe meht ne wyrne lǽt him blód if heat, or his ability to bear it do not forbid, let him blood, L.

Linked entries: mæht miht un-gemeaht

þrí

(n.; num.; adj.)
Grammar
þrí, þrý, þrié, þreó; m.: þreó, þrió, þré; f. n. (ðreá, ðriá, ðreó, ðrió in North.); gen. þreóra, þrióra (and ðreána in North.); dat. þrim (þrím? ðriim in North., but cf. Goth. þrim), later þreom.

Three

Entry preview:

Three Tres þrý gebyriaþ tó masculinum and femininum, tria þreó tó neutrum, Ælfc. Gr. 49; Zup. 281, 3, Grammar þrí, used adjectivally Þrié Scottas cuómon, Chr. 891; Erl. 88, 5. Ða þreó clystru ðæt sind þrí dagas, Gen. 40, 12. Ða þrí windlas ðæt sind

Linked entries: þreó þrió þrý

ge-beornan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-beornan, p. -barn, pl. -burnon; pp. -bornen, -burnen [ge-, beornan to burn] .

To burn ⬩ be on fire ⬩ be consumed ⬩ ardēre ⬩ combūri

Entry preview:

To burn, be on fire, be consumed; ardēre, combūri Sió hand gebarn módiges mannes the hand of the bold man burned, Beo. Th. 5388; B. 2697. v. trans Seó eorþe wæs to axsan geburnen the earth was burnt to ashes, Ors. 4, 2; Bos. 79, 19

C

Grammar
C, In Gothic and Icelandic C is entirely wanting, being always represented by k. It is remarkable that the Anglo-Saxons have seldom made use of k; but, following the Latin, have preferred the use of c.
Entry preview:

Sometimes q or ch; as, cwén queen; cild a child; cin a chin. the Runic letter RUNE not only stands for the letter c, but also for the name of the letter in Anglo-Saxon cén a torch

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