Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

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sulung

(n.)
Grammar
sulung, e; f. A Kentish word for a certain quantity of land, derived, like carrucata, from a name of the plough; from its origin it might mean, so much land as could be cultivated by one plough. From the first two passages given below it would seem that the sulung was equivalent to two hides (manentes), and later a solanda, which is probably the same word, is said 'per se habere duas hidas.' v. Seebohm, Vill. Comm., p. 54. But perhaps it may be inferred that both hide and sulung were considered as on the same footing as regards the plough. Thus to the gebúr with his gyrd landes, i. e. one quarter of a hide, are to be given two oxen, L. R. S. 4; Th. i. 434, 23, while a gift of half a sulung is accompanied by the further gift of four oxen, Chart. Th. 470, 9-14. v. Seebohm, pp. 138-9, and generally. In the Domesday Survey of Kent the assessment was given by solins, and the word remained in use. v. Pegge's Kenticisms, s.v.
Entry preview:

sulling Aliquam terrae partiunculam, hoc est duarum manentium ... ritu Cantiae án sulung dictum, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. 249, 19. Terrae particula duarum manentium, id est, án sulung, 250, 8. Yc gean intó Cristes cyrican on Cantwarabyrig ðæs landes æt Holungaburnan

Linked entry: swulung

sumer-lida

(n.)
Grammar
sumer-lida, an; m. [Lida, like the equivalent Icel. liði in sumar-liði, elsewhere refers to a single object, man or ship (v. lida, sǽ-, ýð-lida), but in the passage given below from the Chronicle seems to mean a fleet. Later in the same work liþ (q. v.), which seems taken from the Scandinavians, is used in this sense, e. g. ðæt lið ðæt on Sandwíc læg, 1052; Erl. 183, 40, can sumer-lida be intended to represent Norse sumar-lið? In one other place sumer-lida occurs, in company with words relating to the sea, and it there glosses malleolus; but here perhaps sumer-loda should be read, and malleolus be taken in the sense shoot, twig (see spæc); cf. O. H. Ger. sumar-lota, -lata virgultum, palmes. v. Anglia xiii. 330.]
Entry preview:

A summer fleet, one that sets forth in summer and returns in autumn Æfter ðissum gefeohte cuom micel sumorlida (tó Reádingum, MS. E.), Chr. 871; Erl. 74, 35. [Steenstrup takes the word to mean a force moving from its quarters in England, and leaving

stefn

(n.)
Grammar
stefn, e; f. A summons, citation (in rád-stefn a summons carried by a mounted person. v. rád-stefn, where this meaning may be substituted for the one there given).

twelf-hynde

(adj.)
Grammar
twelf-hynde, adj. As applied to a person, of the rank for which the wergild was twelve hundred shillings; applied to the wergild, that must be paid for a person of such rank. As will be seen from the passages given below, the twelfhynde man was a þegn, and his importance, as marked by the wergild and otherwise, was six times that of the
Entry preview:

ceorl Ǽnig mǽgð, xii-hynde oþþe twyhynde, L. Ath. v. 8, 2; Th. i. 236, 10. Be xii-hyndum men. Gif hé sié twelfhynde, L. Alf. pol. 31; Th. i. 80, 14. Gif hió sié cirlisc mid .lx. sciłł. gebéte . . . Gif hió sié xii-hyndu .cxx. sciłł. gebéte, 18; Th. i

Linked entry: six-hynde

twi-hynde

(adj.)
Grammar
twi-hynde, adj. As applied to a person, of a rank for which the wergild was two hundred shillings; applied to the wergild, that must be paid for a person of such rank. As will be seen from the passages given below, the twihynde man was a
Entry preview:

ceorl Twelfhyndes mannes wer is twelf hund scyllinga. Twyhyndes mannes wer is twá hund sciłł. ( the article then deals with the case of the former, and concludes: Eal man sceal æt cyrliscum were be ðære mǽðe dón, ðe him tó gebyreþ, swá wé be twelfhyndum

un-gewyrht

Grammar
un-gewyrht, in the phrases be ungewyrhtum

undeservedly ⬩ not according to one's deserts ⬩ gratis

Entry preview:

undeservedly, not according to one's deserts; gratis, Ps. Surt. 34, 7, 19: 68, 5: Ps. Spl. C. 108, 2: 118, 161

werc

(n.)
Grammar
werc, glosses nanus, Wet. Voc. ii. 60, 45 : 71, 36. [Elsewhere nanus is rendered by dweorh, for which werc is perhaps wrongly written. Or (?) werc might be for wearh. v. wearg.]

Linked entry: dweorg

ymbren

(n.)
Grammar
ymbren, es; pl. ymbrenu (the reading ymbren fæstena, L. Eth. vi. 23; Th. i. 320, 20, should rather be ymbrenfæstena, as in Wulfst. 272, 16) ; n.
Entry preview:

Ember (in Ember-day), Embring (e. g. Keep embrings well and fasting days. . . . For Friday, Saturn and Wednesday, Tusser) ; the name of the four periods of fasting and prayer appointed by the Church to be observed in the four seasons of the year respectively

Linked entry: riht-ymbren

wyrt-truma

(n.)
Grammar
wyrt-truma, (wyrtruma), an: -trum, es; m.: -trume, an; f. (v. Be ðare wyrtruman,
    Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 93, 7).
Entry preview:

the root of a plant Wyrtruma radix, Wrt. Voc. i. 33, 11: 80, 8: 285, 79: Cd. Th. 252, 20; Dan. 581. Is seó æx ásett tó ðæs treówes wyrtruman, Lk. Skt. 3, 9. Be ðam wyrttruman, Lchdm. i. 172, 10. Wyrttruman radicem, Ps. Spl. 51, 5. Hig næfdon wyrtruman

Linked entry: -truma

begannes

Grammar
begannes, l. be-gánnes,
Entry preview:

and substitute: Celebration Begánnes ka-lende, Wrt. Voc. ii. 70, 38. v. preceding word

be-gríwan

(v.)
Grammar
be-gríwan, (only in) pp. be-griwen
Entry preview:

To steep in, of profound knowledge Hé wæs on ðǽre ealdan ǽ getogen, and mid micelre gecnyrdnysse on ðǽre begriwen wæs (was deeply versed in it), Hml. Th. i. 384, 27. of guilt, sunk in On ánum dæge hé oft geworhte unrím scylda, and nǽnige gebétan ne

Linked entries: gríwan for-gríwan

be-hwyrfan

Grammar
be-hwyrfan, v. be-hweorfan
Entry preview:

and be-hwirfan

be-hydelíce

(adv.)
Grammar
be-hydelíce, &c. l. be-hýdelíce, be-hygdiglíce (bí-, bi-),
Entry preview:

and add Behigdelíce (-hýdig-), bihýdiglíce, bighigdelíce sollicite, Bd. 4, 3; Sch. 361, 7. Behýdilíce, bihýdiglíce (-higde-), Sch. 363, 4. ꝥ

be-hydig

Grammar
be-hydig, l. be-hygdig, -hýdig (big-, bí-, bi-),
Entry preview:

and add Wes þú behýdig and gemyndig Marian þinga, Bl. H. 67, 32. Heó wearð behý-dig be þissum, Hml. S. 33, 47. Mid behygdige móde solerti animo, Bd. 4, 3; Sch. 355, 21. Behýdigne and sorhfulne be þisse wísan, Guth. 84, 24. v. big-hýdig in Dict

be-hyðlíce

(adv.)
Grammar
be-hyðlíce, l. be-hýþelíce,
Entry preview:

and substitute: Sumptuously Behý-ðelíce sumptuosius, Wrt. Voc. ii. 87, 24

beðing

Entry preview:

Wiþ lyftádle . . . beþing and bæþsealf, Lch. ii. 302, 23. Beþinge fotu, Wrt. Voc. ii. 37, 56. Hí on wlacum ele gebeðedon . . . hé wæs on ðissere beðunge geléd, Hml. Th. i. 86, 24. Genim wád, wyl on meolce. on buteran is betere, and wyrc beþinge, Lch.

betrymian

(v.)
Grammar
betrymian, -trymman
Entry preview:

Hig woldon þ æs cynges scipa ábútan betrymman, Chr. 1052 ; P. 180, 20. Add:

be-tweohsn

(prep.)
Grammar
be-tweohsn, -tweoxn; prep.

among ⬩ Among

Entry preview:

with dat. among Ne sié hit ná suá betweoxn eów . . . ond suá hwelc suá wule betweoxn eów mǽst beón, Past. 121, 4-6. Betweohxn (-tweoxn, v. l.) eów . . . betweohxn (-twuxn, v. l.) hǽðnum, 210, 7-8. Betwuxn óðrum sprǽcum, 461, 10. of mutual relation ¨

Linked entry: tweohsn

be-týning

(n.)
Grammar
be-týning, e; f.

A conclusion

Entry preview:

A conclusion Betýningum conclusionibus, An. Ox. 3210

be-waden

Grammar
be-waden, be-wadan

to reach ⬩ come upon ⬩ surprise

Entry preview:

to reach, come upon, surprise ? Min hord warað híþende feónd . . . bewaden (when surprised ?) féreð, stepped on stíð bord, Rä. 88, 24. Cf. be-faran, -féran, -rídan. Substitute:

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