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Anglo-Saxon

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æ
þ

here

  • noun [ masculine ]
Dictionary links
Wright's OE grammar
§5; §47; §55; §156; §274; §278; §351; §353;
an army.
Add:
a body of armed men.
not referring to England,
an army, a host
Show examples

  • Cempa

    miles,

    here

    exercitus,

    • Wrt. Voc. i. 72, 69:

    faccus, exercitus,

    • ii. 146, 70
      • .

  • Fird, here

    expeditio,

    • 29, 69
      • .

  • Bið se here eal ídel, ðonne hé on óðer folc winnan sceal, gif se heretoga dwolað

    in exploratione hostium frustra exercitus velociter sequitur, si ab ipso duce itineris erratur,

    • Past. 129, 8
      • .

  • Here wícode égstreáme neáh,

    • El. 65.

  • Handrófra here,

    • Exod. 247
      • .

  • Dauid miclum his ágenes herges pleah

    cum damno exercitus,

    • Past. 37, 7
      • :
    • Bl. H. 193, 2
      • .

  • Ic ríde herges on ende,

    • Rä. 78, 8
      • .

  • Heriges wísa,

    • Dan. 203
      • .

  • Herges wísa, freom folctoga,

    • Exod. 13
      • .

  • Herges rǽswan,

    • 234
      • .

  • Mennen þe þú áhreddest herges cræftum,

    • Gen. 2127
      • .

  • Títus cóm mid Rómána herige . . . þá leóde flugon þá hié þone here tóweardne wiston,

    • Bl. H. 79, 11-13
      • .

  • Se eorl of Normandíge sende tó Francena cynge, and hé cóm mid mycelan here, and se cyng and se eorl mid ormǽtre fyrde besǽtoa þone castel,

    • Chr. 1090
      • ;
    • P. 225, 28
      • .

  • Út of þám herige,

    • Jud. 135
      • .

  • Se cyning sende his here tó

    missis exercitibus suis,

    • Mt. 22, 7.
in an epithet of the Deity, the Lord of hosts:
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  • God sylfne, herga fruman,

    • El. 210
      • :
    • Cri. 845
      • .
a division of an army, army corps, legion, cohort, troop
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  • Wæs eft here hider onsended

    rursus mittitur legio,

    • Bd. l, 12
      • ;
    • Sch. 33, 6
      • .

  • Ðá onsendon hí him micelne here tó fultume

    quibus legio destinatur armata,

    • Sch. 32, 7.

  • Hergas wurdon feówer on fleáme,

    • Gen. 2073
      • .

  • Wéron gesendeno hergas his

    missis exercitibus suis,

    • Mt. L. 22, 7
      • .

  • Heria

    manipulorum,

    • An. Ox. 2, 443
      • .

  • Herium

    cohortibus,

    • 23.

  • Hóf for hergum hlúde stefne lifgendra leód,

    • Exod. 276
      • .

  • Faraon bróhte sweord*-*wígendra side hergas,

    • 260.

  • Twelf hergas engla

    duodecim legiones angelorum,

      Mt. 26, 53.

  • Him Perse mid heora twǽm ealdormannum ongeán cóman . . . Sóna swá hé wiste ꝥ hé wið þá twégen heras sceolde,

    • Ors. 3, 1
      • ;
    • S. 96, 15
      • .
a particular kind of armed force, e. g. infantry, cavalry
Show examples

  • Pharon hæfde syx hund wígwægna, and fela þæs óðres heres wæs

    exercitum curribus equitibus instructum egit,

    • Ors. 1. 7
      • ;
    • S. 38, 24
      • .

  • On his féðehere wǽron xxxii M, and þæs gehorsedan

    (equitum)

    fífte healf

    • M. 3, 9
      • ;
    • S. 124, 12
      • .

  • Of rǽdum here

    aequitatu,

    fótgangendum here

    peditatu,

    • An. Ox. 5253-4
      • .
referring to English military affairs. [In that part of the A. S. Chronicle which deals with the struggle between the English and Danes, here is always used of the latter, fyrd being the term denoting the native force. But in the annals of the eleventh century here is used in speaking of the English.]
an army
Show examples

  • Harold feaht eár þan þe his here cóme eall,

    • Chr. 1066
      • :
    • P. 198, 5
      • .

  • Cóm Harold úre cyng . . . mid micclan here Englisces folces (cf. mid ealre his fyrde,

    • 33
      • ),
    • P. 197, 27
      • .

  • Se cyng mid his here férde tó Hrofeceastre,

    • 1087
      • ;
    • P. 224, 8, 10, 12
      • .

  • On here cringan,

    • By. 292
      • .

  • Penda teáh here and fyrde wið Eástengle,

    • Bd. 3, 18
      • ;
    • Sch. 274, 9
      • .

  • Ne onhagode him (Godwine) tó cumenne . . . ongeán þone cyng and ágeán þone here

    (fyrd is used of Godwine's force
    • ll. 11. 23,

    and of the force gathered to help the king,

    • 1. 19
      • )

    þe him mid wæs.

    • Chr. 1052
      • ;
    • P. 175, 36
      • .

  • Hét se cyning bannan út here,

    • 1048
      • ;
    • P. 174, 22
      • .

  • Þis wearð Harolde cyng gecýdd, and hé gaderade þá mycelne here (cf. Harold gegæderade sciphere (-fyrde, v.l.) and landhere (-fyrde, v. l.),

    • P. 195, 38
      • ),
    • 1066
      • ;
    • P. 199, 27
      • .

  • Willelm cyng lǽdde Engliscne here (fyrde, v. l.) and Frencisce ofer sǽ,

    • 1073
      • ;
    • P. 209, 6
      • .
used of a raiding force, one that ravages a country
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  • Leófgár fór tó fyrde ongeán Griffin þone Wyliscan cing . . . Earfoðlic is tó átellanne seó gedrecednes . . . þe eall Engla here dreáh.

    • Chr. 1056
      • ;
    • P. 186, 33
      • .

  • Penda cóm mid Myrcna here

    (hostili exercitu),

    and ealle þá þe hé mihte mid ísene and fýres lýge hé fornam,

    • Bd. 3, 17
      • ;
    • Sch. 269, 9
      • ;
    • Chr. 1052
      • ;
    • P. 178, 39
      • :
    • 1054
      • ;
    • P. 184, 14
      • .

  • Ecgferð sende here on Scottas . . . and earmlíce hí Godes cyrican hýndan and bærndon,

    • 684
      • ;
    • P. 39, 13
      • .
an army that comes from abroad to England
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  • Willelm férde intó Englalande mid mycclan here rídendra manna and gangendra of Francríce and of Brytlande,

    • Chr. 1085
      • ;
    • P. 215, 35
      • .
especially of the Scandinavian invaders.
as raiders of the country
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  • Ðis man gerǽdde ðá se micela here cóm tó lande,

    • Wlfst. 180, 18
      • :
    • Ll. Th. i. 286, 7
      • .

  • Unrím heriges flotan and Sceotta,

    • Æðelst. 31
      • .

  • Ðis synd þá friðmál þe Æðelréd cyng and ealle his witan wið ðone here gedón habbað ðe Anláf and Iustin and Gúðmund mid wǽron. Ðæt ǽrost, ꝥ woroldfrið stande between Æðelréde cynge and eallum his leódscipe and eallum þám here þe se cyng ꝥ feoh sealde,

    • Ll. Th. i. 284, 6-11
      • .

  • Twá and twéntig þúsend punda mon gesealde þám here wið friðe,

    • 288, 12
      • .
the reference is probably to the Scandinavians in the following:
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  • Gif hit cucu feoh wǽre and hé secgge ꝥ hit here náme

    (cf. jumentum . . . captum ab hostibus,

    • Ex. 22, 10
      • ),
    • Ll. Th. i. 52, 2
      • .

  • Ðá earman men beóð wyrs bereáfode from þám unrihtwísan déman þonne fram þám wælgrimmestan here: ne bið nán heretoga swá gífre on fræmdrea monna yrfe swá se unrihtwísa déma byþ on his hýremonna. Hé beód wyrsan þonne herigende here, here man maeg oft befleón,

    • Ll. Lbmn. 475, 14-23
      • .
as settlers
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  • Óslác eorl and eal here þe on þís ealdordóme wunað,

    • Ll. Th. i. 378, 5
      • .

  • Ꝥ ne þeówe ne freó ne móton in þone here faran bútan leáfe, ne heora nán þe má tó ús,

    • 156, l.

  • Gefæstnode Eádweard cyng frið wið Eást-Engla here (wið East-Engle, v. l.),

    • Chr. 906
      • ;
    • P. 95, 2
      • .
the word is applied to both the English and Danish forces in the following
Show examples

  • Þá heras him sylfe tóeódan (cf. Eádmund gegaderode fyrde and þone here áflymde,

    • l. 5
      • ),
    • Chr. 1016
      • ;
    • P. 150, 2
      • .
used of things that can injure
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  • Mid herige hrímes and snáwes,

    • Men. 204
      • .
a large number of people, multitude, host.
of persons engaged in acts of violence,
Similar entries
v. Ll. Th. i. 110, 14 in Dict.
Show examples

  • Ꝥ here (wered, W.S.)

    turba;

    • Lk. L., R. 22, 47
      • .

  • Wearð eal here burhwarena blind,

    • Gen. 2490
      • .

  • Cirm hǽðnes heriges

    (the crowd that attacked St.Andrew).

    • An. 1240
      • :
    • 1204
      • :
    • Ap. 21.

  • Hí here samnodan,

    • An. 1126
      • :
    • 1189
      • .
in pl. to express great numbers:
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  • Síde herigeas,

    • An. 1069
      • .
of a regular company
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  • Heofenengla here,

    • Cri. 1278
      • .

  • Heres

    classis (monasticae),

    • An. Ox. 5502.

  • Gé cunnon hwæt se hláford is, sé þisne here lǽdeð,

    • Cri. 574
      • .

  • Ælbeorhtra scolu, hergas háligra, 930 Þas heregas þreó, se heofonlica þreát. . . þæt eorðlice mægn . . . þæt helcunde wered.

    • Wlfst. 254, 11-15.
of a fortuitous collection of people, a crowd, multitude
Show examples

  • Wæs forléten here

    (turba),

    • Mt. L. 14, 23
      • .

  • Ꝥ here,

    • Mk. L. 12. 41
      • :
    • Lk. L. 23, 4
      • 8.

  • Synfulra here,

    • Cri. 1533
      • .

  • Mið monigfald here

    plurima multitudine.

    • Mk. L. 10, 46
      • .

  • On alle ðiosne here

    (turbam),

    • Lk. L. 9, 13
      • .

  • Ꝥ here,

    • 18, 36.
in pl. to express great nun beis:
Show examples

  • Ðegnas saldon ðǽm hergum

    (turbis),

    • Mt. L. 14, 19
      • :
    • Lk. L. 7, 24
      • .

  • Wearð Godes ágen bearn áhangen for herigum,

    • El. 180
      • :
    • Met. 26, 57
      • .

  • Ðá gesæh ðe Hǽlend hergas menigo

    videns Jesus turbas multas,

    • Mt. L. 8, 18
      • .
harrying, devastation, plundering, ravaging
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  • Ic eów áwerige wið hearma gehwilcne, þæt eów bíte ne slíte here ne hunger,

    • Wlfst. 132, 18
      • .
  • Gyf hit geweorðe þæt on þeódscype becume heálic ungelimp, here oððon hunger, bryne oððon blodgyte, unwæstm oððon unweder . . .
    • 169, 16.

  • Hé þá mǽgðe mid grimme wæle and herige on gebraec

    prouinciam illam saeua caede ac depopulatione attriuit,

    • Bd. 4, 15
      • ;
    • Sch. 423, 10.
The word occurs in many proper names.
Entry information
Citation

Bosworth, Joseph. “here.” In An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online, edited by Thomas Northcote Toller, Christ Sean, and Ondřej Tichy. Prague: Faculty of Arts, Charles University, 2014. https://bosworthtoller.com/52382.

Checked: 1
Full form

Word-wheel

  • here, n.

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