Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

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stregdan

(v.)
Grammar
stregdan, [There are two verbs of this form, a strong and a weak. The conjugation is further complicated by the frequent loss of g, so that forms of the strong verb are found (?) belonging to two classes (cf. bregdan): while in the Northern Gospels strong and weak inflections are combined in the same word. The two verbs are here put together]; ic stregde, strigde, stréde, hé stregdeþ, strigdeþ, strét; p. (strong) strægd, pl. strugdon and strǽdon (v. trédun, Mk. 11, 8: but the form may be weak = strægdon): (weak) stregde, strédde, strugde (North.); pp. (strong)strogden: (weak) stregd, stréded, stréd

To strew, spread, scatter, sprinkle ⬩ to strew ⬩ to sprinkle ⬩ To scatter, disperse ⬩ to lay in order

Entry preview:

To strew, spread, scatter, sprinkle. to strew something Se ðe ne somnigas streigdæs que non congregat, spargit. Mt. Kmbl. 12, 30. Geswerc swé swé eascan strigdeþ (spargit), Ps. Surt. 147, 16. Monige ðæt wæter on ádlige men strédaþ. Bd. 3, 2; S. 524,

Linked entries: strédan strégan

tunge

(n.)
Grammar
tunge, an; tung [? in the passage: Álés sáwle míne fram tunge fácen-fulre a lingua dolosa (but in the next verse linguam is glossed by tungan, so that perhaps tunge is meant for nominative : O. L. Ger. and O. H. Ger. , however, have strong as well as weak forms), Ps. Lamb. 119, 2], e; f.

a tongue ⬩ tongue ⬩ the person who speaks with the tongue ⬩ words ⬩ speech ⬩ language ⬩ a language ⬩ speech ⬩ power of speaking ⬩ a tongue-shaped thing

Entry preview:

a tongue Tunge lingua, Wrt. Voc. i. 64, 56. Gif monnes tunge biþ of heáfde óðres monnes dǽdum dón, ðæt biþ gelíc and eágan bót, L. Alf. pol. 52 ; Th. i. 94, 20: Exon. Th. 373, 25 ; Seel. Ex. 115. His tungan (tungæs, Lind. : tunga, Rush. ) bend uinculum

werc

(n.)
Grammar
werc, glosses nanus, Wet. Voc. ii. 60, 45 : 71, 36. [Elsewhere nanus is rendered by dweorh, for which werc is perhaps wrongly written. Or (?) werc might be for wearh. v. wearg.]

Linked entry: dweorg

heolstor

Grammar
heolstor, [In the first passage perhaps hrúse might be read for hrúsan and heolstre be dat. (inst.), as in El. 1082 þá þe in foldan deópe bedolfen sindon, heolstre behýded. Or possibly (?) a form heolstre exists alongside heolstor. v. Germ. 399, 447 infra, and cf. eówestre (?).]
Entry preview:

Helostr, heolstr secessus, Txts. 94, 901. Heolstre latebra, Wrt. Voc. ii. 50, 18. Heolstre, dígelnesse latibulo, i. tenebrositate (taciturnitatis) An. Ox. 3354. Heolster latebram, 3289. Hé sette ðeóstru heolstur (latibulum) his, Ps. Srt. 17, 12. Þé (Satan

winter

(n.)
Grammar
winter, es; m. (in pl. a neuter form wintru occurs, as well as masculine wintras, winter: the dat. sing. wintra is a trace of earlier u-stem declension).

a season of the year ⬩ winter ⬩ wintry weather ⬩ cold ⬩ a year

Entry preview:

a season of the year, winter Feówer tída syndon getealde on ánum geáre, ðæt synd uer, aestas, autumnus, hiems... Hiems is winter, Lchdm. iii. 250, 12. On ðone .vii. dæg ðæs mónðes (November) bið wintres fruma ; se einter hafaþ tú and hundnigontig daga

Linked entries: ǽ-wintre-cyning -wintre

ge-bed

Grammar
ge-bed, <b>; I.</b> in l. 3 for 236 l. 23 b,
Entry preview:

and add Ásende hé tó Basilie biddende ꝥ hé þone geyrsodon cásere þurh his gebedu gelíðgode, Hml. S. 3, 194

ge-langian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-langian, -langigan; p. ode; pp. od; v. trans. [ge, langian to long for]

To call for ⬩ send for ⬩ deliver ⬩ liberate ⬩ convocare ⬩ arcessere ⬩ accersire ⬩ liberare

Entry preview:

To call for, send for, deliver, liberate; convocare, arcessere, accersire, liberare Ðú gelangast to ðé ðíne leófostan frýnd thou shalt call to thee thy most beloved friends, Jos. 2, 18. Gelangode to him ða bróðru convocavit ad se fratres, Greg. Dial.

Linked entries: ge-lengan langian

ge-wítan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-wítan, p. ge-wát, pl. ge-witon. For <b>ge-wítan;</b>
Entry preview:

substitute: To see after, take care of. with acc. Gewíte and beseoh wíngeard þisne vide et visita vineam istam, Ps. Th. 79, 14. with clause Gewíte þǽre cirican ealdor ꝥ him mon on þám fierste mete ne selle, Ll. Th. i. 64, 16

crypel

(n.)
Grammar
crypel, es; m.
Entry preview:

Cripel cuniculumi. foramen, 5, 33. II. crypelas; pl. glosses cancelli :-- Ðurh crepelas per cancellos (prospexi; I looked through my casement, Prov. 7, 6), Kent. Gl. 180

leó

(n.)
Grammar
leó, g. león; [a dat. leóne and acc. f. leó are found as well as regular forms león: the dat. pl. leónum is put under leóna q.v.] m. f.

A lion ⬩ lioness

Entry preview:

A lion, lioness Leó leo, Wrt. Voc. 77, 78. Leó leo, leena, Wrt. Voc. ii. 53, 47, 49. Ðæt nǽfre míne fýnd ne grípen míne sáwle swá swá leó nequando rapiat ut leo animam meam, Ps. Th. 7, 2: 21, 11. Ðá ongan seó leó fægnian ... Seó leó mid hire earmum scræf

Linked entries: leá león leóna

þreágan

(v.)
Grammar
þreágan, þreán, and þreáwian (v. þreápian); p. þreáde [in Bt. 38, 1; Fox 196, 7 a form occurs that might be a strong past of þreán, on the analogy of þweán, sleán Ðæt gewit wæs swíþe sorgiende for ðám ermþum ðe hí ðrógan; cf. the rendering of the same passage in the metres: Ðæt mód wæs swíðe sorgum gebunden for ðǽm earfoþum ðe him on sǽton,
  • Met. 26, 97.
But, perhaps, drugon should be read, as, Latin is:]; pp. þreád.

to reprove ⬩ rebuke ⬩ reproach ⬩ to punish one who deserves punishment ⬩ to chastise by way of discipline, with a view to amend ⬩ to chasten ⬩ correct ⬩ to torture ⬩ torment ⬩ afflict ⬩ distress ⬩ vex ⬩ oppress

Entry preview:

to reprove, rebuke, reproach Ic hine þreáge (ðreá, Lind.: ðriá, Rush.) and forlǽte corripiam illum et dimittam, Lk. Skt. 23, 22. Ne þreáge (drégu, Surt.: þreá, Spl. C.: þrǽwie, Spl. T.) ic eów non arguam te, Ps. Th. 49, 9. Þreáge (ðréu, Surt.: ðreáge

Linked entries: þreán þreiga ðrogan

ge-feón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-feón, -feohan, -feagan, -feagian ; ic -feó, ðú -fehst, he -fehþ, -fiþ, -feaþ, pl. -feóþ; p. -feah, -feh, pl. -fǽgon; pp. -fegen [The Northern Gospels have weak forms]

To be glad ⬩ rejoice ⬩ exult ⬩ lætari ⬩ delectari ⬩ gaudere ⬩ exultare

Entry preview:

To be glad, rejoice, exult; lætari, delectari, gaudere, exultare Ic gefeó gaudeo, Jn. Skt. Lind. 11, 15. Gefeaþ gaudebit, 16, 20, 22. Manige on his gebyrd gefeóþ many shall rejoice at his birth, Blickl. Homl. 165, 10. Míne weleras gefeóþ gaudebunt labia

Linked entries: feágan ge-fǽgon ge-feán ge-fegian ge-feohan ge-fǽge ge-fagen ge-feohtsumness

up-lendisc

(adj.)
Grammar
up-lendisc, adj.

Uplandish ⬩ country (as opposed to town) ⬩ rural ⬩ rustic

Entry preview:

Uplandish, country (as opposed to town), rural, rustic Uplendisc forensis (forensis Migne), qui foras est, Germ. 389, 41. Eft begann sum uplendisc mann egeslíce hrýman tó ðám árleásum burhwarum ...

Linked entry: uppe-land

tó-wesness

(n.)
Grammar
tó-wesness, -wesenness, -wisness, e; f.

separation ⬩ dissolution ⬩ divorce ⬩ difference ⬩ disagreement ⬩ discord ⬩ dissension

Entry preview:

Ðonne hé him ondrǽt ða tówesnesse útane dum humana foras jurgia metuunt, Past. 46; Swt. 351, 23

Linked entry: -wesenness

land-bygen

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
land-bygen, This form in the following passage seems an error, as the law, in the title of which it occurs, deals with the sale of a fellow-countryman
Entry preview:

Be landbygene (= landleóda[n] bebygene?), Ll. Th. i. 110, note I

ge-béd

Grammar
ge-béd, l. ge-bed, dele <b>II,</b> where for gebed l. gebod,
Entry preview:

and add: a prayer to a human being, request Miltsa mé, abbud, and gefyl nú óþer gebæd mínre béne, Hml. S. 236, 705. where the person addressed is divine. prayer, praying Hús mín hús gebeddes ( orationis ) is. Lk. L. 19, 46. Seó stemn þǽre heortan bið

þeód-guma

Grammar
þeód-guma, For 'A chief man ... great man' substitute: A member of a þeód (v. þeód; I a),
Entry preview:

a retainer of a chief. Cf. dryht-guma

ge-blandan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-blandan, ge-blandan; pp. ge-blanden, -blonden [In the two instances where the past tense occurs the forms are ge-blond,
    Wrt. Voc. ii. 94, 16,
ge-blondan,
    An. 33.
Under blandan is given blénde as apast subjunctive, but this form might be placed as a present (or past) under blendan. v. ge-blendan. Cf. gang as a past tense of gangan.]
Entry preview:

Substitute: To mix, blend Geblonden infectum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 111, 77. Geblanden, 45, 17: confectum, 14, 49. to mix with :-- Is him þæt heáfod hindan gréne, wrǽtlíce wrixled wurman geblonden, Ph. 294. to mix things that should be kept separate :-- Ðona

ge-sǽlan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-sǽlan, to succeed. See preceding word: ge-sælge. -For Cot. 89 substitute Wrt. Voc. ii. 37, 63. (Gesǽlge might be adjective, fauste being faustae. Cf. for the termination (-e = ae) attrite gegiiidenan, 5, 12. v.
Entry preview:

also 5, 3.)

leóht

(adj.)
Grammar
leóht, léht, líht [from comparison with other dialects the proper spelling would seem to be líht, but leóht (or leoht?), in West-Saxon at least, is the regular form]; adj.

Light ⬩ inconsiderable ⬩ quick ⬩ ready ⬩ nimble ⬩ fickle ⬩ easy

Entry preview:

Light, not heavy, inconsiderable; not slow, quick, ready, nimble, fickle, easy Mín byrðyn ys leóht (Lind. léht; Rush. líht) onus meum leve est, Mt. Kmbl. 11, 30. Leóht and leoþuwác nimble and supple, Exon. 79 b; Th. 298, 12; Crä. 84. Hé is snel and swift

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