Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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FRUMA

(n.)
Grammar
FRUMA, an; m. [frum primitive, first] .

a beginning ⬩ commencement ⬩ origin ⬩ princĭpium ⬩ inĭtium ⬩ ŏrīgo ⬩ prīmordium ⬩ exordium ⬩ an originator ⬩ author ⬩ founder ⬩ inventor ⬩ auctor ⬩ inventor ⬩ a chief ⬩ prince ⬩ ruler ⬩ king ⬩ prŏcer ⬩ princeps ⬩ rex

Entry preview:

Ðú eart ealra þinga fruma and ende thou [God] art the beginning and end of all things, Bt. 33, 4; Fox 132, 36: Bt. Met. Fox 20, 549; Met. 20, 275: Andr. Recd. 1116; An. 556. On fruman wæs word in princĭpio ĕrat verbum, Jn. Bos. 1, 1: 6, 64: Mt.

higera

(n.)
Grammar
higera, higora, an; m: higere an; f

A magpie or a woodpecker

Entry preview:

A magpie or a woodpecker ; see Exon. 106b; Th. 406, 14; Rä. 25 where the name of a bird that can imitate various sounds is given by the runes G, A, R, O, H, I. Higera picus. Wit. Voc. 62, 34. Higere picus, 281, 5: gaia vel catanus, Ælfc. Gl. 37; Som.

Linked entry: higre

mere-næddra

(n.)
Grammar
mere-næddra, an; m. -nædre, an; f.

A sea-adder ⬩ a lamprey

Entry preview:

A sea-adder, a lamprey Merenæddra murena vel murina vel lampreda, Wrt. Voc. i. 55, 65. Myre-næddra, 77, 72. Merenædre, ii. 59, 23

wísian

(v.)
Grammar
wísian, p. ode.

shew ⬩ guide ⬩ direct ⬩ to shew ⬩ shew ⬩ point put ⬩ guide ⬩ direct ⬩ indicate

Entry preview:

Grammar wísian, with dat. of person and acc. of way Hwá ðam sǽflotan sund wísode. Andr. Kmbl. 762 ; An. 381. Hú ðú sǽhengeste sund wísige, 976; An. 488. Grammar wísian, with acc. of person Swá mec wísaþ, se mec wrǽde on legde. Exon.

Linked entry: riht-wísian

ge-beorg

(n.)
Grammar
ge-beorg, -beorh, -berg; gen. -beorges, -beorhges; n. [ge-, and beorg a protection, refuge]

A defence ⬩ protection ⬩ safety ⬩ refuge ⬩ præsĭdium ⬩ refŭgium ⬩ tutāmen ⬩ tuĭtio

Entry preview:

A defence, protection, safety, refuge; præsĭdium, refŭgium, tutāmen, tuĭtio Leófsunu ahóf bord to gebeorge Leofsunu raised up his buckler for defence, Byrht. Th. 138, 64; By. 245 : 135, 40; By. 131. Britwalum to gebeorge for the protection of the Brito-Welsh

hrýtan

(v.)
Grammar
hrýtan, to scatter. Dele, and see <b>hrútan;</b>

alewe

(n.)
Grammar
alewe, aluwe, alwe, an; f.

The aloe ⬩ bitter spice ⬩ aloes ⬩ aloe

Entry preview:

The aloe, bitter spice, in the plural aloes; aloe He brohte wyrt-gemang and alewan tulit herbarum commixtionem et aloes, Jn. Bos. 19, 39. Murre and alwe myrrh, and aloe, L. M. 2, 65 ; Lchdm, ii. 296, 20.

Linked entries: aluwe alwe

fore-boda

(n.)
Grammar
fore-boda, (for-), an; m.

A herald ⬩ crier

Entry preview:

A herald, crier Þæt syndan forbodan and Antecrístes þrǽlas þe his weg rýmað, Wlfst. 55, 8

Linked entry: boda

brytta

(n.)
Grammar
brytta, bryta, bretta, an; m.

A bestower, dispenser, distributor, prince, lord, God? ⬩ largitor, dispensator, administrator, princeps, dominus, Deus?

Entry preview:

Morðres brytta the prince of murder, the devil, Andr. Kmbl. 2342; An. 1172. Boldes brytta the lord of a house, Elen. Kmbl. 323; El. 162. Lifes brytta the Lord of life = God, Cd. 6; Th. 8, 10, 24; Gen. 122, 129: Exon. 12b; Th. 21, 14; Cri. 334: Andr.

Linked entries: bretta bryta brytnere

CÆRSE

(n.)
Grammar
CÆRSE, cerse, an; f. CRESS, watercress; nasturtium, cardămum = κάρδαμον
Entry preview:

Man nasturcium, and óðrum naman cærse [cerse B.] nemneþ one nameth nasturtium, and by another name, cress, Herb. 21, 1; Lchdm. i. 116, 17.

Linked entries: cesena cerse cresse

un-coðu

(n.)
Grammar
un-coðu, e; f.: -coða, an; m.

Disease

Entry preview:

Disease Ús stalu and cwalu, stric and steorfa, orfcwealm and uncoða ( murrain and disease ) derede swýðe þearle, Wulfst. 159, 10. Gé gehwilce uncoðe gehǽldon, Homl. Th. i. 64, 23. Hé mid ísene ðone uncoðan (ða uncoðe, v. rr. ) áceorfe, R.

herian

(v.)
Grammar
herian, hærian, hergan; p. ode, ede; imper. hera and here; pp. ed

To praise

Entry preview:

Andr. Kmbl. 1314; An. 657. Ðú byst hered perfecisti laudem, Ps. Th. 8, 2; Blickl. Homl. 67, 4

Linked entry: hergan

federa

(n.)
Grammar
federa, fedra. an; m.

An uncle ⬩ a father's brother ⬩ patruus

Entry preview:

An uncle, a father's brother; patruus Se wæs Ælfríces sunn Ǽdwines federan he was the son of Ælfric, Edwin's uncle. Chr. 634; Erl. 25, 25: 737; Erl. 47, 24 Édwines fedran suna Edwin's uncle's son, Chr. 643; Erl. 27, 19

a-niman

(v.)
Grammar
a-niman, -nyman; p. -nam, pl. -námon; pp. -numen [a from, niman to take]

To take away ⬩ remove ⬩ tollere ⬩ capere

Entry preview:

To take away, remove; tollere, capere Animaþ ðæt púnd æt hym take the talent from him, Mt. Foxe 25, 28. Animan wolde would take, Fins. Th. 43; Fin. 21

Linked entries: a-numen a-nyman aweg-animan

hláf-mæsse

(n.)
Grammar
hláf-mæsse, -messe, an; f.

Lammas, ⬩ a name for the first of August

Entry preview:

Betwix hláfmæssan and middum sumera between Lammas and midsummer, Chr. 921; Erl. 106, 5. Tóforan Hláfmæssan, 1101; Erl. 237, 24. Æfter hlámmessan, 1009; Erl. 142, 16. Tó Lámmæssan, 1085; Erl. 219, 3

Linked entries: hláf-sénung hlám-mæsse

ge-rǽdan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-rǽdan, to advise, ge-rǽdan to arrange. [These two verbs seem to have coalesced (v. rǽdan), and are taken together.]
Entry preview:

God him (Decius) ðis geþanc on móde ásende . . . and Decius lét him tó rǽde hé þá gerǽdde ( what God Had suggested to him), Hml.

cýþ-lǽcan

Grammar
cýþ-lǽcan, For 'Mone B. 4286' substitute An. Ox. 4284,
Entry preview:

and add:

hacele

(n.)
Grammar
hacele, an; f : hæcla, an; m [?]

A cloak, mantle, upper garment, coal, cassock. ⬩ lacerna, subucula, capsula, mantilia, pl ⬩ a cloak ⬩ a kind of cowled or hooded frock ⬩ priest's cope ⬩ cuculla, casula

Entry preview:

Ðá gegyrede heó hý mid hǽrenre tunecan and mid byrnan ðæt is mid lytelre hacelan she dressed herself in a tunic of hair and in a byrnie, that is in a little cassock, Shrn. 140, 30.

Linked entry: hæcele

wansian

(v.)
Grammar
wansian, p. ode [the word seems to occur only late, and perhaps is due to Scandinavian, cf. Icel. vansi want: wanian is the usual word]
Entry preview:

The compound á-wansian also occurs :-- If áni man ðis ilk forward breke and áwansige, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 243, 6

Linked entry: á-wansian

wæl-cyrge

(n.)
Grammar
wæl-cyrge, -cyrige, -cyrie, an; f.

A chooser of the slain.

Entry preview:

But elsewhere it is used apparently with the sense of witch or sorceress Wyccan and wælcyrian and unlybwyrhtan, Wulfst. 298, 18. Wiccan and wælcerian, 165, 34. Wiccean and wælcyrian, Chart. Erl. 231, 10

Linked entries: -cyrge wæl-ceásiga

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