Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
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Glossārium ad scriptōres mĕdiæ et infĭmæ Latinĭtātis Dŏmĭni Du Cange, Dufresne; Francofurti ad Mœnum, 3 vols. fol. 1681, Dromōnes

earming

(n.)
Grammar
earming, erming, yrming, es; m.

A wretched or miserable being ⬩ mĭser

Entry preview:

Lamb. fol. 183 b, 17. Ne ondrǽd ðé, lá earming git ðu hæfst lífes hiht dread not, 0 wretched man, thou hast yet hope of life, Ælfc. T. 37, 2.

Linked entry: erming

be-lǽdan

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L. fol. 198 b. Þe lǽs ús se lytiga belǽde on his sylfes wíte, Hml. A. 195, 10. Nellan on belǽdan (inferre) swincgla ús, Coll. M. 18, 22. Of rihtan wege belǽdan, Btwk. 196, 19. On belǽdan inrogare, ingerere. An. Ox. 3944

hete-níþ

(n.)
Grammar
hete-níþ, es; m.

Enmity ⬩ hostility ⬩ malice ⬩ wickedness

Entry preview:

Geheald ðú mé wið heteníþas and wið firenfulles folman custodi me de manu peccatoris. Ps. Th. 139, 4: Exon. 94a; Th. 352, 22; Sch. 101. Grendel heteníþas wæg Grendel bore enmity, Beo. Th. 307; B. 152

hand-brǽd

(n.)
Grammar
hand-brǽd, hand-bréd. Perhaps hand-bred should be read and the quotation be taken to the next word. But in support of hand-brǽd may be noted the form breð ( = brǽð) odor, Wrt. Voc. i. 42, 58, and the phrase gód hande brád. v. hand;
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Wicklif has handibreede v. N. E. D. handbrede

candel-wyrt

(n.)
Grammar
candel-wyrt, e; f. [candel a candle, wyrt a herb, plant] CANDLE-WORT, hedge-taper, mullein; lucernaria, phlomos = φλόμος verbacum; thapsus, Lin. A plant useful for wicks 'of lamps
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Candelwyrt phlomos [MS. fromos] vel lucernaria [MS. lucernaris ]. Ælfc. Gl. 44; Som. 64, 90; Wrt. Voc. 32, 25

HEG

(n.)
Grammar
HEG, hig, es; n.

Hay ⬩ grass ⬩ fœnum

Entry preview:

Ðá bebeád se hǽlend ðæt ðæt folc sǽte ofer ðæt gréne hig præcipit illis ut accumbere facerent omnes super viride fœnum, Mk. Skt. 6, 39. Heig [Rush. heg] fœnum, Jn. Skt. Lind. 6, 10.

Linked entries: hig hoeg

Sigel-hearwa

(n.)
Grammar
Sigel-hearwa, (Síl-), an ; m.
Entry preview:

Spl.) folc, Ps. Surt. 73, 14 : ii. p. 189, 36. Ethiopia, ðæt is ðæra Sílhearwena ríce. Homl. Th. ii. 472, 13 : i. 454, 12. Ðæra Sílhearwena land terra Aethiopiae, Gen. 2, 13. Síllhearewena (Sílhearwena, MSS. R. P.) land. Lchdm. iii. 258, 18.

Linked entries: Síl-hearwa Sýl-hearwa -hearwa

truma

(n.)
Grammar
truma, an; m.
Entry preview:

Voc. ii. 147, 52. order of troops, array Hé ð æt folc búton truman lǽdde he led the army withtout keeping any order, Ors. 4, 8; Swt. 188, 14. a support, v. wyrt-truma

un-staþolfæst

(adj.)
Grammar
un-staþolfæst, adj.

unsettled ⬩ not remaining in one place ⬩ not stationary ⬩ unsettled ⬩ desirous of change ⬩ not steadfast ⬩ unstable ⬩ not enduring ⬩ easily moved ⬩ unsettled in mind ⬩ wavering

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cf. ðæt ungestæððige folc, Bt. 39, 3; Fox 216, 2) mobile vulgus, Met. 28, 69. unsettled in mind, wavering Ðone unstaðolfæstan bróðor and ðone tweónigendan fratrem fluctuantem, R. Ben. 51, 3

Linked entry: under-staþolfæst

deóre

(adv.)
Grammar
deóre, adv.
Entry preview:

Chr. 1086; P. 218, 12. with kindness, as holding a person dear Dém þú þín folc deóre mid sóðe judica populum tuum in tua justitia, Ps. Th. 71, 2 : 117, 24. Drihten, mín gebed deóre gehýre, and onfóh georne mine hálsunge, 142, 1: 118, 154. [v. N. E.

earfoþ-líce

(adv.)
Entry preview:

Se eorl earfoðlíce gestylde ꝥ folc, Chr. 1052; P. 180, 10: 1075; P. 209, 38. ¶ used instead of a complementary adjective :-- Gif eów ǽnig þing þince earfoðlíce si difficile vobis visum aliquid fuerit, Deut. 1, 17.

el-þeód

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Eall þæt folc on ellþeóde him wið feoh gesealde reliquos sub corona vendidit, Bos. 64, 11. On ellþeóde forsendan, 3, 7; Bos. 62, 35 note. Add

forht

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L. 1, 20. expressing fear Þá blácan andwlitan and þæt bifiende wered, se forhta cearm and þǽra folca wóp, Wlfst. 186, 18

ofer-winnan

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Iósue and Israhéla folc oferwunnon seofon ðeóda; eahtoðe wæs Pharao . . . swá sceolon crístene men ðá eahta heáfodleahtras mid heora werodum ealle oferwinnan, Hml. Th. ii. 218, 12-17.

ge-líðian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-líðian, -líðegian; p. ode; pp. od

To soothe ⬩ soften ⬩ mitigate ⬩ relieve ⬩ appease ⬩ lēnīre ⬩ mītĭgāre ⬩ plācāre

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Drihtnes yrre wearþ gelíðegod ongén ðæt folc plācātus est Dŏmĭnus adversus pŏpŭlum suum, Ex. 32, 14. His ðurst wæs gelíþad his thirst was appeased, Shrn. 130, 5.

Linked entry: líðigian

un-sýfre

(adj.)
Grammar
un-sýfre, adj.

Impure ⬩ unclean ⬩ foul

Entry preview:

Synfulra weorud, swá fúle swá gǽt, unsýfre folc, Exon. Th. 75, 35; Cri. 1232. Ǽr se unsýfra ( Holofernes ) womfull onwóce, Judth. Thw. 22, 24; Jud. 76. Be ðam sacerde ðe hine sylfne besmít þurh unsýfre sprǽce ( impuro sermone ), L. Ecg.

Linked entry: sýfre

ge-sundful

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Ðurh cynincges wísdóm folc wyrð gesǽlig, gesundful, sigefæst, Ll. Th. ii. 306, 5. Gesundfullum gesǽli-nessum secundis successibus, An. Ox. 1581 : 3632 : prosperis (i. letis) successibus, 3994

on-sígan

Entry preview:

Gregorius þæt Rômânisce folc for ðâm onsîgendum cwealme tô behreówsunge tihte, 124, 2.

sceafan

(v.)
Grammar
sceafan, scafan;scóf; sceafen, scafen

To shave, scrape, shred, polish

Entry preview:

Man scóf ðæra bóca leáf and ða sceafþan dyde on wæter rasa folia codicum, et ipsam rasuram aquae immissam, Bd. 1, 1; S. 474, 37. Monige men sprytlan ácurfon and on wæter scófan, 3, 17; S. 544, 45, col. 1. Sceaf (scaf, MS.

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