Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
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Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

grétan

(v.)
Grammar
grétan, he grét, pl. grétaþ; p. grétte, pl. grétton; pp. gréted.
Entry preview:

Ðæt he ne grétte goldweard ðone that he should not assail that gold-ward [that dragon], Beo. Th. 6154; B. 3081: Bd. 3, 11; S. 536, 41. Gif ðe ǽnig mid weán gréteþ if any one entreat thee evil, Cd. 83; Th. 105, 18; Gen. 1755.

HREÓH

(adj.)
Grammar
HREÓH, adj.

ROUGH ⬩ fierce ⬩ savage ⬩ rough ⬩ stormy ⬩ tempestuous ⬩ disturbed

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Ðá wæs beorges weard on hreóum mode then became the hill-ward of fierce mood, Beo. Th. 5156; B. 2581. On ðære hreón sǽ turbato mari, Past. 9; Swt. 59, 2. On hreón móde troubled, Beo. Th. 2619; B. 1307.

ge-beorgan

Entry preview:

.), ward off from Ic mé gúðbordes sweng gebearh, Gen. 2694.

swingan

(v.)
Grammar
swingan, p. swang, pl. swungon; pp. swungen.
Entry preview:

Nime man sealt and þreora ǽgra geolcan, swinge hit swiðe tógædere, 40, 22. to strike, dash Hé swang ðæt fýr on twá he drove back the fire on either hand (cf. that giswerk warð teswungan, bigan sunnun lioht hédrón an himile, Hél. 5634), Cd.

ge-seón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-seón, -sión, ic -seó, ðú -sihst, he -syhþ; p. -seah, ðú -sáwe, pl. -sáwon, -ségon; imp. -syh, -seoh; subj. pres. ic -sáwe; pp. -sawen

To see ⬩ videre, conspicere

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Geségun ða dumban gesceaft gefélan they saw the dumb creation feel, Exon. 24 b; Th. 69, 30; Cri. 1128. with infin Geseah weard beran beorhte randas the warder saw bright shields borne, Beo.

Linked entry: ge-sión

wráþ

(adj.)
Grammar
wráþ, adj.

wroth ⬩ angry ⬩ incensed

Entry preview:

Wið wrád werod wearde healdan to keep watch and ward against foes, Beo. Th. 643; B. 319. Wráðe wælherigas, Cd. Th. 119, 21; Gen. 1983. Ða ðe wydewum sýn wráðe æt dóme, Ps. Th. 67, 5.

LÁR

(n.)
Grammar
LÁR, e; f.

LORE ⬩ teaching ⬩ instruction ⬩ learning ⬩ knowledge ⬩ cunning ⬩ science ⬩ preaching ⬩ doctrine ⬩ dogma ⬩ precept ⬩ exhortation ⬩ admonition ⬩ counsel ⬩ suggestion ⬩ instigation ⬩ persuasion

Entry preview:

Ic mé gúþbordes sweng láre gebearh I warded off the blow from me by cunning, Cd. 128; Th. 163, 7; Gen. 2693.

Linked entries: folc-lár lǽr

ge-trymman

Entry preview:

Eal swá hraðe swá hé cóm tó Cantuareberi and hé warð getremmed on his arcestóle, Chr. 870; P. 283, 26. <b>IX a.

CYRICE

(n.)
Grammar
CYRICE, cirice, cyrce, circe; gen. an, ean; f: cyric, ciric, in the compound cyric-ǽwe, etc. q. v. cyrc, e; f. circ,

in the compound ⬩ a church, the material structure ⬩ ecclesia ⬩ a heathen temple ⬩ templum paganum

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Cyrice weard, cyrce weard a warden of a church, 1043; Erl. 169, 33: 1070; Erl. 207, 33. In ðæare cyrce in the church, 1070; Erl. 209, 40.

Linked entries: cyrce circe cirice

cyning

(n.)
Grammar
cyning, cyng,es; m. [cyn people, -ing originating from, son of] .

a king, ruler, emperor ⬩ rex, imperator ⬩ a spiritual King, God, Christ ⬩ Deus, Christus ⬩ the devil ⬩ diabŏlus, satănas ⬩ Anglo-Saxon kings were at first elected from a family or class, by Witena gemót the assembly of the wise. ⬩ fidelity was sworn to them by the people, in the following words ⬩ the king took a corresponding oath to his people ⬩ the Anglo-Saxon king had royal power to pardon transgressors ⬩ of all forfeits the king had one half ⬩ all hoards above the earth, and within the earth. As we learn from Beowulf, in early and heathen times, much treasure was buried in the mound raised over the ashes of the dead, besides what was burned with the body ⬩ Pastus or Convivium ⬩ The king visited different districts personally or by deputy to see that justice was done to all his subjects. In these periodical journeys the king received support and entertainment wherever he went. Hence perhaps the privileges of our judges ⬩ Vigilia ⬩ head ward, or a proper watch set over the king, which he claimed when he came into any district ⬩ the mint or coinage of money. The king exercised a superintendence over the circulating medium

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Vigilia = heáfodweard head ward, or a proper watch set over the king, which he claimed when he came into any district .

Linked entries: cuning cyncg cyneg cyng cyngc cincg cing cining

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