Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

ge-árian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Add: to honour, shew respect to (acc. or dat. (? v. árian)) Ðæt wé úre hiéremen swǽ geárigen, swǽ wé hié eft geegsian mægen ne dum praelatus quisque plus se quam decet dejicit, subditorum vitam stringere sub disciplinae vinculo non possit, Past, 118,

ge-þafung

Entry preview:

Add: ge-þeafung. permission Ne hé nán þing næbbe bútan þæs abbodes sylene and geþafunge ae quicquam liceat habere quod abbas nan dederit out nan permiserit, R. Ben. 57, 5. Búton se abbod him geþafunge (permissionem) sylle, 69, 6. submission to action

onettan

Grammar
onettan, l. ónettan, and in 1. 26 for 1529
Entry preview:

substitute 1579. add: expressing quickness of movement or procedure Heó gewát hyre west þonan feran, forð ónette, Rä. 30, 11. Mé wǽre liófre ꝥ ic ónette wiþ þæs, ꝥ ic ðé móste gelǽstan ꝥ ic ðe gehét festino debitum promissionis absolvere, Bt. 40, 5 ;

ryne

Entry preview:

Add: the course, movement, or path of a living creature Fiþerscíte rene quadripedante cursu (ferarum), An. Ox. 1569. Hé mid hrædestan ryne arn, Hml. S. 23 b, 186. Hé gewunode on þám gesettum tídum þæs dæges þone ryne his síðfætes gefæstnian, 163. Flugulum

weorc

Grammar
weorc, <b>. IV.</b>
Entry preview:

Add Hé wæs út farende mid þám bróþrum tó þæs landes weorce, Gr. D. 165, ii. Þ hí férdan in þæt weorc Godes wordes, Bd. i. 23 ; Sch. 50, l. <b>IVa.</b> add :-- Nǽron þis ná úre weorc, ac hit wǽron þára háligra apostola haec nostra non sunt

wilnung

(n.)
Grammar
wilnung, e; f.

Desire

Entry preview:

Desire Úþwitan secgaþ ðæt sió sáwul hæbbe ðrió gecynd. Án ðara gecynda is ðæt heó biþ wilnigende... Twá ðara gecynda habbaþ nétenu ; ... óþer ðara is wilnung ... Seó gesceádwísnes sceal wealdan ðære wilnunga, Bt. 33, 4; Fox 132, 3-10: Met. 20, 186. Worldlíce

Linked entry: willnung

han-créd

(n.)
Grammar
han-créd, -crǽd, hon-, es; m.

Cock-crowing, cock-crow, a division of the night ⬩ gallicinium, galli cantus

Entry preview:

Cock-crowing, cock-crow, a division of the night Hancréd conticinium vel gallicinium, Ælfc. Gl. 94; Som. 75. 122; Wrt.Voc. 53, 4. Seó niht hæfþ seofan dǽlas ... fífta is gallicinium ðæt is hancréd the night has seven divisions ... the fifth is gallicinium

Linked entry: créd

tin-tregian

(v.)
Grammar
tin-tregian, -tergian; p. ode

To torment, ⬩ torture, ⬩ afflict

Entry preview:

To torment, torture, afflict Ða ðe hé ne mæg fram rihtan geleáfan tó him gebígan, ðonne tintregaþ hé ða on mænigfælde wísan, Wulfst. 197, 7: Blickl. Homl. 59, 31. Philippus hí miclum tintrade(tintergade, MS. C.) and bismrade, Ors. 3, 7; Swt. 118, 25.

Linked entry: tregian

ge-gearwian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Add: absolute, to make ready Hé eów betǽcð mycele healle gedæfte, gegearwiað (gegearuað, L., gegeorwigað, R.) ðára, Lk. 22, 8. to make ready something for use, enjoyment, &amp;c. Nǽfre þú wíta þæs fela gegearwast, Jul. 177. Þíne hǽle þú geearwodest

ge-rád

Entry preview:

Add: [The word seems to be feminine sometimes, e. g. on hwylcre gerád, Gr. D. 172, 29; so that in the phrase on þá gerád þæt, it may perhaps be, at least sometimes, rather fem. sing. than neut. pl. Cf. ge-sceaft for declension.] understanding, discernment

fæstnung

stability ⬩ fixity ⬩ fortifying ⬩ a fastening ⬩ binding ⬩ an exhortation ⬩ confirmation ⬩ ratification ⬩ a covenant ⬩ assurance

Entry preview:

Add: the condition of being fast, stability, fixity. Similar entries v. fæst; I. Hé gekýðð on ðǽre styringe ðára telgena útane ðæt ðǽr ne bið nán fæstnung on ðǽm wyrtruman innan exteriori mobilitate indicat, quod nulla interius radice subsistat, Past

for-búgan

to avoid ⬩ to pass by ⬩ pass over ⬩ shun ⬩ eschew ⬩ To avoid

Entry preview:

Add Wæs forbúgende cedens, Wrt. Voc. ii. 24, 3. with acc. or clause. to avoid, not to come in contact with, not meet with, get or keep out of the way of a material object Rae. mid emfare forbúgaþ balenam circito declinant. An. Ox. 670. Swican hé forbeáh

horn

Entry preview:

Add: the horn of an animal Swýþor þonne æþele cealf, þeáh þe him upp ágá horn on heáfde super vitulum novellum cornua producentem Ps. Th. 68, 32. Hé geseah ánne ramm betwux þám brémelum be þám hornum gehæft, Gen. 22, 13. Úr feohteð mid hornum, Rún. 2

láð

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
láð, es; n.

harm ⬩ evil ⬩ injury ⬩ hurt ⬩ trouble ⬩ grief ⬩ pain ⬩ annoyance ⬩ enmity

Entry preview:

What is hateful or harmful, harm, evil, injury, hurt, trouble, grief, pain, annoyance, enmity Ðætte monnum héh is laaþ [adj.?] is mið Gode quod hominibus altum est, abominatio est apud deum, Lk. Skt. Lind. 16, 15. Hit sóna nǽnig láð ne biþ it [the pain

á-brecan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Add: I. trans, to break up, break to pieces, destroy the connexion between the parts of an object Hié bánhringas ábrecan þóhton, An. 150. Ðæt his byrne ábrocen wǽre, Fin. 44. Báncofa ábrocen weorðeþ, Vy. 35 : Gú. 1341. Ábrocen land broken ground; anfractus

flówan

to pass away ⬩ be transitory ⬩ to issue ⬩ to flow ⬩ to be flooded ⬩ to flow ⬩ to abound

Entry preview:

Add Fleów fluxit, decurrit, manavit, flówen fluitent, flówendum fluido, i. fluenti, Wrt. Voc. ii. 149, 70, 64, 63. to flow as a stream in its bed, or a fluid over a surface: Þín blód fléwþ ofer eorðan swá swá wæter, Bl. H. 237, 6. Flóweð (fléweð, v.l

tó-flówan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-flówan, p. -fleów; pp. -flówen

To flow different ways, ⬩ disperse in flowing, ⬩ flow away ⬩ to flow in different directions, ⬩ be dispersed ⬩ to melt away, ⬩ be destroyed ⬩ to wander, ⬩ be drawn hither and thither, ⬩ be distracted ⬩ to be separated, ⬩ take different directions ⬩ to spread ⬩ to pass away, ⬩ be dissipated, ⬩ scattered, ⬩ rendered useless, ⬩ brought to nothing ⬩ to separate in confusion, ⬩ become disconnected

Entry preview:

To flow different ways, disperse in flowing, flow away Ic tóflówe defluo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 5; Zup. 175, 14. Tófleówan ł út urnan defluxerant, Hpt. Gl. 473, 37. referring to material objects, to flow in different directions, be dispersed Iudas tóbærst on

Linked entry: te-flówan

be-fæstan

to fix, ⬩ to place in security ⬩ to fix in the mind ⬩ implant ⬩ to fix by promise or agreement ⬩ to pledge ⬩ to commit ⬩ to commit to a person's charge ⬩ to commit to a place ⬩ to set ⬩ betake to an occupation ⬩ to commend ⬩ recommend, ⬩ to make acceptable ⬩ to trust

Entry preview:

Dele passage under I, and add: to fix, to place in security Hié befæston hira wíf and hira scipu and hira feoh on Eást-Englum, Chr. 894; P. 88, 4. Þá Deniscan hæfdon hira wíf befæst innan Eást-Engle, 896; P. 89, 22. Bið se þridda dǽl in þæs wylmes grund

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

higian

(v.)
Grammar
higian, p. ode

To hie ⬩ hasten ⬩ strive

Entry preview:

To hie, hasten, strive Ðonne hé higaþ tó ðǽm godcundum þingum ánum cum ad sola, quæ interiora sunt, nititur, Past. 14, 3, Swt. 83, 14. Se ðonne se ðe suá higaþ tó andweardnesse his scippendes qui igitur sic ad auctoris speciem anhelat, 14, 6; Swt. 87

Linked entries: hígþ tó-higung

Copyright

All the data provided here are free for any purpose. If you use the data for academic purposes, we ask that you kindly cite us as your source. In case you need a large portion of the dictionary data or you need it in a specific format, let us know through the contact form, we are happy to do custom database dumps for researchers.

How to cite

You can cite the entries of the online version of the dictionary, or you can cite the scanned pages of the original paper editions.

  • To cite the online version of the dictionary, click the icon right under the entry.
  • To cite the scanned paper version of the dictionary, click the "show/hide this scanned page" link under the entry, check the scan and use the citation information right above it.