Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

rád

(n.)
Grammar
rád, e; f.
Entry preview:

riding, going on horseback or in a carriage. v. rǽdwægen Þeáw wæs ðam ylcan biscope ðæt hé ðæt weorc ðæs godspelles má þurh his fóta gange fremede ðonne on his horsa ráde moris erat eidem antistiti opus evangelii magis ambulando per loca quam equitando

be-týnan

(v.)
Grammar
be-týnan, -tiénan, bi-týnan; p. -týnde, pl. -týndon; impert. -týn, -tiéne; pp. -týned, -tiéned, -týnd; v. a. [be, týnan to hedge in].

to inclose or surround with a hedge, inclose, close, shut, shut upsepem circumdare, sepire, intercludere, claudere, occludere, concludereto end, finish, concludefinire

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to inclose or surround with a hedge, inclose, close, shut, shut up; sepem circumdare, sepire, intercludere, claudere, occludere, concludere Sum hírédes ealdor wæs, se plantode wíngerd, and betýnde hyne homo erat paterfamilias, qui plantavit vineam, et

Linked entries: be-tiénan bi-týnan

ge-gán

(v.)
Grammar
ge-gán, p. -eóde, -ióde; pp. -gán.

to gogo or pass overcome to passhappenirepræterireevenireto occupyovercomeoverrunsubdueoccuparevinceresubigereto observepractiseexerciseeffectaccomplishobservareexercereperficereefficere

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to go, go or pass over, come to pass, happen; ire, præterire, evenire Heó mihte gegán ofer eall ðis eálond vellet totam perambulare insulam, Bd. 2, 16; S. 520, 2. Se ðe gryre-síþas gegán dorste who durst go ways of terror, Beo. Th. 2929; B. 1462. Swá

Linked entry: ge-yde

ge-sceap

(n.)
Grammar
ge-sceap, -scæp, -scep, es; pl. nom. acc. -sceapu, -sceapo; gen. -sceapa, -sceapena; n.

a creation, created being or thing, creaturecreātio, creātūraa decree, fate, destiny, condition, nature, form, shapefātum, destĭnāta, condĭtio, nātūra, indŏles, forma, spĕciesthe privy membersvĕrenda, pŭdendacreaturedecrees of fate

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a creation, created being or thing, creature; creātio, creātūra Song he be middangeardes gesceape cănēbat de creātiōne mundi, Bd. 4, 24; S. 598, 9. Þurh ðæt beorhte gesceap through that bright creature, Elen. Kmbl. 1576; El. 790. Ðissesgisceppes hujus

Linked entries: ge-scæp ge-scapu

sele

(n.)
Grammar
sele, es ; m.
Entry preview:

A hall, house, dwelling Cwom bytla ( Guthlac) tó ðam beorge . . . wæs sele (his hermitage ) níwe, Exon. Th. 146, 24 ; Gú. 714. Sele sceal stondan, sylf ealdian, 343, 16 ; Gn. Ex. 158. Sele ( Heorot, Hrothgar's hall ) hlifade, heáh and horngeáp, Beo.

stearc

(adj.)
Grammar
stearc, adj.
Entry preview:

stiff, rigid, not soft, not bending Is seó eággebyrd stearc and hiwe stáne gelícast, Exon. Th. 219, 4; Ph. 302. Hláf and stán, streac and hnesce, Elen. Kmbl. 1226; El. 615. Stánas and ðæt starce ísen, Homl. Skt. i. 8, 29. Beátan mid stearcum stengum,

Linked entries: stearc-heard streac

under-hnígan

(v.)
Grammar
under-hnígan, p. -hnáh; pl. -hnigon; pp. -hnigen.

to descend beneathgo lower than a placeto submit to what is laborious or painfulbe subjected to evilundergo punishment

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to descend beneath, go lower than a place Grundum ic hríne, helle underhníge, heofonas oferstíge, Exon. Th. 482, 23; Rä. 67, 6. Hwílum ýða ic sceal underhnígan, 386, 29; Rä. 4, 69. to submit to what is laborious or painful, be subjected to evil, undergo

un-gewiss

(n.)
Grammar
un-gewiss, es; n.

uncertaintyignoranceunconsciousnessin ignoranceunintentionallyunconsciouslyunwittinglywhat is uncertain or unknownincertumignominia

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Grammar un-gewiss, ¶ Ungewisses uncertainty, ignorance, unconsciousness Se ðe his sylfes blód on spátl mid ungewisse forswelge qui sanguinem proprium inscius cum saliva sorbuerit, L. Ecg. C. 40; Th. ii. 166, 5. Gif eall folc syngaþ þurh ungewiss ( through

Linked entries: ge-wis on-gewiss

ymb-sittan

(v.)
Grammar
ymb-sittan, p. -sæt, pl. -sǽton ; pp. -seten.
Entry preview:

to sit or be round, to sit at table, meat, etc. Ðæt hié mé þégon, symbel ymbsǽton, Beo. Th. 1132 ; B. 564. Hý twégen sceolon tæfle ymbsittan, Exon. Th. 345, 2; Gn. Ex. 182. Ða ymbsittendan circumsedentes, Bd. 4, 9; S. 577, 31: convivae, 5, 5 ; S. 618

Linked entry: emb-sittan

be-þurfan

Entry preview:

Add: personal. implying privation Beþur-fendra egentium, Scinr. 108, 15. to need what will supply insufficiency, defect, what is beneficial Nánes þinges máran hé ne beþearf tfonne hé hæfþ, Bt. 31, 1; F. 122, 7. Sé þe micel inerfe ágan wile, hé beþearf

díc

(n.; v.)
Grammar
díc, es, e, and indecl.; m. f. [The instances given in Dict. under díc; m. and díc; f. may probably be taken together.]
Entry preview:

Add: an excavation, ditch, pit; fossa, fovea Díc fossa, pyt puteus, Wrt. Voc. i. 84, 57. Ðǽr fyxan díc tó bróce gǽð, C. D. ii. 29, 1. Of ðǽm pytte on ðone díc ... ondlong dices ðéh sió díc forscoten wǽre, iii. 168, 35. On ðá ealdan díc; andlang díce

dígol-líce

(adv.)
Grammar
dígol-líce, díglíce.
Entry preview:

Add: Secretly, so as to take others unawares or at a disadvantage Hé gesette twá folc diégellíce on twá healfa his, Ors. 4, 6; S. 174, 32: 4, 10; S. 200, 13. He diégellíce for þǽm gewinne V geár scipa worhte, 2, 5; S. 78, 32. Hé nolde geþafian þám þeófe

eácan

(v.; adj.)
Grammar
eácan, eácen; adj.
Entry preview:

Substitute for these: <b>eácan;</b> [p. eóc. pl. eócon]; pp. eácen, écen to increase (trans.) Hí sculon ǽlce dæg eácan (ýcan, v. l. ) ꝥ mon ǽlce dæg wanaþ, Bt. 26, 2; F. 94, 1. Nó þás bebodu tó brecanne, ac mid eallum gódum tó eácanne (ícanne

fóda

victualsprovisionssustenancesupport

Entry preview:

Add: victuals, provisions God forgifð ús ðone hwílwend-lican fódan . . . se fóda nis ná úre med, Hml. Th. ii. 466, 1-3. Se eorðlica líchama behðfað þæs fódan, i. 252, 27. Fódan uictus, An. Ox. 3862. 'Hé beád ús nýtena fódan (cf. ðrý berene hláfas, 2)

for-sleán

cut throughto slaykillto destroylay wastefinishto routoverthrowto condemn

Entry preview:

Add: to injure by striking, cut through or break with a stroke, wound with a blow Heó slóh tó his hneccan, and mid twám slegum forslóh him þone swuran percussit bis in cervicem ejus et abscidit caput ejus, Hml. A. 111, 305. Gif mon óðrum þá hond útan

ge-sǽlan

Entry preview:

Add: of a person, to succeed in a purpose, bring about something. Take here ge-sǽlan to be successful (in Dict. ). of a concrete thing, to be brought about, be made, come into existence Hi wénað ꝥ ꝥ ealdgesceaft ǽfre ne wǽre, ac wénað ꝥ hit weás cóme

ge-þafa

Entry preview:

Add: [The word, which occurs only as predicate of the verbs beón, weorþan, seems at least generally to be an adjective; in some instances it appears indeclinable, see the last three passages, and cf. similar adjectival forms in Icelandic.] where there

gléd

Entry preview:

Add: a coal of fire Gloed carbo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 103, 12. Gloede prunas, 118, 18. a live coal, coal of fire (lit. or fig.) Gléd carbo (torridus altaris ), Wrt. Voc. ii. 89, 14. Swá rícels byð þonne hit gífre gléda bærnað, Ps. Th. 140, 2. Hí feallað on

hǽtu

Entry preview:

Add: gen. e Hǽto calor. Wrt. Voc. i. 291, 11. the quality or property of being hot On ðǽre sunnan is hǽtu and beorhtnys; seó hǽtu drýgð, Hml. Th. i. 284, 35. Þǽre sunnan hǽtu wyrcð fíf dǽlas on middanearde, Lch. iii. 260, 18 : Ph. 17. Hǽto, Bl. H. 51

hreówsian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Add: to grieve, lament for Ongan se wísdóm hreówsian for þæs módes týdernesse, and ongan giddian his versibus de nostrae mentis perturbatione conquesta est, Bt. 3, 2; F. 6, 6. to grieve for sin, repent of evil. absolute 'Hreówsiað . . .' Ǽrest hé lǽrde