Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

CLÍFAN

(v.)
Grammar
CLÍFAN, ic clífe, ðú clífest, clífst, he clífeþ, clífþ, clifaþ; cláf, clifon; clifen

To CLEAVE, adhereadhærere

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To CLEAVE, adhere; adhærere

for-swelgan

(v.)
Grammar
for-swelgan, -sweolgan, he -swelgeþ, -swilgeþ, -swelhþ, pl. -swelgaþ; p. ic, he -swealh, -swealg, ðú -swulge, pl. -swulgon; subj. pres. -swelge, pl. -swelgen; p. -swulge, pl. -swulgen; pp. -swolgen, -swelgen [swelgan to swallow]

To swallow updevourabsorbdevŏrāredegluttīreabsorbēre

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He forswelhþ hig absorbet eos, Ps. Lamb. 57, 10. Ða ðe wudewena hús forswelgaþ qui devŏrant dŏmos vĭduārum, Mk. Bos. 12, 40: Ps. Spl. 13, 8: Exon. 22 b; Th. 62, 4; Cri. 996.

Linked entry: for-sweolgan

CEÓSAN

(v.)
Grammar
CEÓSAN, ciósan, ic ceóse, ðú ceósest, cýst, he ceóseþ, cýst, císt, ceósaþ; ic, he ceás, cés, ðú cure,curon; ceós, ceósaþ; coren; v. a.

to CHOOSE, select, electlegere, seligere, eligereto acceptoblatum accipere, accipere

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He héht him wine ceósan he commanded him to choose friends, Cd. 90; Th. 112, 8; Gen. 1867: Runic pm. 29; Kmbl. 345, 15 ; Hick. Thes. i. 135. Drihten ðé císt the lord will choose thee, Deut. 28, 9.

brengan

(v.)
Grammar
brengan, ic brenge, ðú brengest, brengst, he brengeþ, brengþ, brencþ, pl. brengaþ ; p. ic, he brohte, ðú brohtest, pl. brohton; pp. broht ; v. a.

To bring, adduce, lead, produce, bear, carry; ferre, afferre, offerre, proferre

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Ða he hæfde ǽr him to wífe broht whom he had formerly married [lit. he had formerly taken to himself for a wife], Bd. 3, 7; S. 529, 30

Linked entry: bringan

dihtan

(v.)
Grammar
dihtan, ic dihte; p. ic, he [dihtde = ] dihte, dyhte, pl. dihton; pp. dihted ; v. a.

to set in order, dispose, arrange, appoint, direct, compose parāre, dispōnĕre, instruĕre, constituĕre, compōnĕreto order, dictate, inditedirĭgĕre, dictāre

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Drihten dihte him hwæt he dón sceolde Domĭnus omnia opĕra ejus dirĭgēbat, Gen. 39, 23

DRÍFAN

(v.)
Grammar
DRÍFAN, drýfan,ic drífe , ðú drífest , drífst , he drífeþ , drífþ , dríft , pl. drífaþ; p. ic, he dráf, ðú drife, pl. drifon, dreofon; pp. drifen .

DRIVE, force, pursue pellĕre, mināre, impellĕre, persĕqui To drive, rush with violence ruĕre

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Óðerne he dráf mid sticele, óðrum he wiðteáh mid bridle the one he drove with a goad, the other he restrained with a bridle, Past. 40, 3; Hat. MS. 54 b, 12.

BRINGAN

(v.)
Grammar
BRINGAN, part. bringende ; ic bringe, brincge, ðú bringst, he bringeþ, brincgeþ, bringþ, pl. bringaþ; p. ic, he brang, brong, ðú brunge, pl. brungon; pp. brungen; v. a.

To BRING, adduce, lead, produce, bear, carryferre, adducere, ducere, producere, offerre, proferre

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He ða býsene from Gode brungen hæfde he had brought the mandates from God, Cd. 30; Th. 41, 4; Gen. 651: 176; Th. 221, 3; Dan. 82

BELGAN

(v.)
Grammar
BELGAN, ic belge, ðu bilgst, bilhst, he bilgþ, bilhþ, bylgþ, pl. belgaþ; p. ic, he bealg, bealh, ðú bulge pl. bulgon; pp. bolgen.

To cause oneself to swell with angerto make oneself angryirritate oneselfenrage oneselfira se tumefacerese irritarese exasperareTo swell with angerto be angryto be enragedira tumereindignariirasci

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Bealg hine swíðe folc-ágende the people's lord irritated himself greatly Exon. 68 a ; Th. 253, 25; Jul. 185. Grammar BELGAN, intrans.

BERSTAN

(v.)
Grammar
BERSTAN, part. berstende; ic berste, ðú birst, he birsteþ, biersteþ, birst, byrst, bierst, pl. berstaþ; p. ic, he bærst, ðú burste, pl. burston; pp. borsten.

to BURSTbreakfailfallcum fragore dissilirecorruererumpifrangito make the noise of a bursting or breakingto crashdashcrackfragorem ederesonarecrepare

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Gif him áþ burste if an oath failed them, L.

Linked entries: bærst biersteþ

DREPAN

(v.)
Grammar
DREPAN, ic drepe, ðú drepest, dripest, dripst, he, drepeþ, dripeþ, dripþ, pl. drepaþ; p. ic, he drep, dræp, ðú drǽpe, pl. drǽpon; pp. drepen, dropen

To strike percŭtĕre

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Ðonne biþ on hreðre, under helm drepen biteran strǽle then he will be stricken with the bitter shaft in the breast, beneath the helmet, Beo. Th. 3495; B. 1745. Wæs him feorh dropen his life was stricken, Beo. Th. 5955, note; B. 2981

CEÓWAN

(v.)
Grammar
CEÓWAN, to ceówenne, ic ceówe, ðú ceówest, cýwst, he ceóweþ, cýwþ, ceówaþ;ceáw, cuwon; cowen

To CHEW, gnaw, eat, consumeruminare, manducare

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To CHEW, gnaw, eat, consume; ruminare, manducare He hét hine ceówan mid tóþum his fingras he commanded him to gnaw his fingers with his teeth, Homl. Th. ii. 510, 34.

Linked entry: cuwon

dysegian

(v.)
Grammar
dysegian, dysigan, dysian; part. dysigende, dysiende; he dysegaþ; p. ede, ode ; pp. ed, od; v. intrans. [dysig foolish] .

to be foolish, act foolishly, err ineptīre, errāreto talk foolishly, blaspheme blasphĕmāre

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He dysegaþ, se ðe wile sǽd óþfæstan ðám dríum forum he does foolishly, who will sow seed in the dry furrows, 5, 2; Fox 10, 30. Ðæt ða dysegien that they are foolish, 24, 4; Fox 86, 9, MS. Bod. Ðæt on heortan hyge dysegedon hi errant corde, Ps.

Linked entry: dysian

DUGAN

(v.)
Grammar
DUGAN, part. dugende; ic, he deah, deag; ðú duge, pl. dugon; p. dohte, pl. dohton

To avail, to be of use, able, fit, strong, vigorous, good, virtuous, honest, bountiful, kind, liberalvalēre, prōdesse, frūgi ease, bŏnum esse, munĭfĭcum, vel libĕrālem se præbēre

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Se ðe his heorte deah he whose heart is good, Cd. 219; Th, 282, 8; Sat. 283. Húru se aldor deah [Th. þeáh, Beo. 744], se ðǽm heaðorincum hider wísade the chief is able indeed, who has led the warriors hither, B. 369.

Linked entry: dugunde

DREÓGAN

(v.)
Grammar
DREÓGAN, to dreóganne; part. dreógende; ic dreóge, ðú dreógest, drýhst, he dreógeþ, drýhþ, dríhþ, pl. dreógaþ; p. ic, he dreáh, dreág, ðú druge, pl. drugon; pp. drogen; v. trans.

to do, work, perform, to pass life, to fightăgĕre, făcĕre, perfĭcĕre, patrāre, vitam ăgĕre, militāre DREE, endure ferre, pati, sustinēre, tolerāre to enjoy frui To be employed, be busyăgĕre, negōtiōsum esse

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Ðe he dreógan sceolde which he had to do, Exon. 37 b; Th. 122, 28; Gú. 312. Hwæt dreógest ðú what doest thou? Exon. 69 a; Th. 257, 14; Jul. 247. Þeódnes willan dreógeþ he does the will of the Lord, Exon. 38 a; Th. 125, 20; Gú. 357.

Linked entries: a-dreógan ge-dreógan

DEORFAN

(v.)
Grammar
DEORFAN, ic deorfe, ðú dyrfst, he dyrfþ, pl. deorfaþ; p. dearf, pl. durfon; pp. dorfen

To labour laborāre

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To labour; laborāre Ne wiðcweðe ic to deorfenne gyt, gif ic nýdbehéfe eom gyt ðínum folce I refuse not to labour still, if I am yet needful to thy people, Homl. Th. ii. 516, 26. Þearle ic deorfe I labour very much, Coll, Monast. 19, 13

Linked entry: mán-deorf

DREÓPAN

(v.)
Grammar
DREÓPAN, ic dreópe, ðú drýpst, he drýpþ, pl. dreópaþ; p. dreáp, pl. drupon; pp. dropen

To drop stillāre

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To drop; stillāre, Prov. 19

cyrran

(v.)
Grammar
cyrran, ic cyrre, ðú cyrrest, he cyrreþ, pl.cyrraþ ; p. cyrde, pl.cyrdon ; pp. cyrred .

to turnvertere

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to turn;vertere He clifu cyrreþ on wæteres wellan he turneth rocks into wells of water, Ps. Th. 113, 8. Gif ic míne gewǽda on wíte-hrægl cyme cyrde et posui vestimentum meum cilicium, Ps. Th. 68, 11.

Linked entries: cerran cirran

CEORFAN

(v.)
Grammar
CEORFAN, ceorfende; ic ceorfe, ðú ceorfest, cyrfst, he ceorfeþ, cyrfþ, ceorfaþ; ic, he cearf, ðú curfe,;curfon; corfen; v. a.

To cut, cut down, hew, rend, tear, CARVE, engravesecare, concidere, succidere, excidere, conscindere, incidere, infindere

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To cut, cut down, hew, rend, tear, CARVE, engrave; secare, concidere, succidere, excidere, conscindere, incidere, infindere He wæs hine sylfne mid stánum ceorfende erat concidens se lapidibus, Mk. Bos. 5, 5.

Linked entries: curfon cerfe

FEOHTAN

(v.)
Grammar
FEOHTAN, part. feohtende; ic feohte, ðú feohtest, he feohteþ, fiht, pl. feohtaþ; p. ic, he feaht, ðú fuhte, pl. fuhton; pp. fohten

To FIGHTcontendmake warcombatstruggleprœliāripugnārebellārecontendĕredecertārecollīdĕre

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Ðeáh him feohtan on firas monige although many men fight against it, Runic pm. 26; Kmbl. 344. 27; Hick. Thes. i. 135, 52

Linked entries: a-feohtan ge-feohtan

DURRAN

(v.)
Grammar
DURRAN, ic, he dear, ðú dearst, pl. durron, durran; p. dorste, pl. dorston, dorstan; pp. dorren

DARE, presumeaudēre

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Hwæðer he winnan dorste whether he durst fight, Ors. 4, 11; Bos. 97, 14: Cd. 121; Th. 156, 15; Gen. 2589. dorston, Beo. Th. 5688; B. 2848: dorstan, Bd. 3, 11; S. 536, 41. Gif dorsten if they durst, Bt. Met. Fox 1, 54; Met. 1, 27.