Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

heard-líce

(adv.)
Grammar
heard-líce, adv.

Hardly, sorely, harshly, sternly, bravely, stoutly

Entry preview:

Se Godes man ongan heardlíce and bitterlíce wépan the man of God began to weep sorely and bitterly; solutus est in lacrymis, Bd. 4, 25; S. 600, 29. Hé heardlíce gewon wið Æþelbald cyning he struggled hard with king Ethelbald, Chr. 741; Erl. 46, 30.

sicetan

(v.)
Grammar
sicetan, sicettan, siccetan, siccettan; p. te.
Entry preview:

Ðá begann se ealda siccetan and mid wópe wearþ ofergoten, Ælfc. T. Grn. 18, 1. as opposed to expressing grief by speech (?) Ða unryhtwísan sicettaþ (siccettaþ, Cott. MSS.) on ðǽm þiéstrum impii in tenebris conticescent, Past. 11, 1 ; Swt. 65, 12.

dwel-lic

(adj.)
Grammar
dwel-lic, adj.
Entry preview:

Erroneous, heretical Be þám men þe dwellice þing begǽð de homine qui res haereticas committit, Ll. Th. ii. 180, 35. Dwællice palladios, Germ. 397, 511

wyrt-bed

(n.)
Grammar
wyrt-bed, wyrt-bedd, es; n.
Entry preview:

A garden-bed Ðeós wyrt bið cenned on begánum stówum and on wyrtbeddum and on mǽdum, Lchdm. i. 96, 22: 184, 6

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

fylstan

(v.)
Grammar
fylstan, filstan, ic fylste, he fylsteþ; p. [fylstede = ] fylste. pl. fylston; subj. pres. fylste, pl. fylsten, fylston; pp. fylsted; v. trans. dat. [fylst e; f. help]

To help ⬩ give help ⬩ aid ⬩ protect ⬩ adjŭvāre ⬩ auxĭliāri ⬩ protĕgĕre

Entry preview:

To help, give help, aid, protect; adjŭvāre, auxĭliāri, protĕgĕre Ongan him fylstan began to give help to them, Byrht. Th. 139, 37; By. 265.

Linked entry: filstan

ge-ícan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-ícan, -ícean, -ýcan, -iécan; p. -ícte, -íhton; pp. -íced, -íct

To eke ⬩ increase ⬩ add ⬩ enlarge ⬩ augere ⬩ extendere

Entry preview:

To eke, increase, add, enlarge; augere, extendere Heó ongan his mǽg-burge geícean sunum and dohtrum she began his kindred to increase with sons and daughters, Cd. 56; Th. 69, 8; Gen. 1132.

Linked entries: ge-ýcan ge-écan

un-pleólíc

(adj.)
Grammar
un-pleólíc, adj.

Not dangerous ⬩ without risk

Entry preview:

Sume teolunga sind ðe man earfoðlíce mæg búton synnum begán, Petrus hæfde unpleólíce teolunge, and hé búton pleó tó his fixnoðe gecyrde, ii. 288, 25. Ðás tácna sind dígle and unpleólíce, i. 306, 30

drý-cræft

Entry preview:

Gif wíf drýcræft begǽð si mulier artem magicam exerceat, Ll. Th. ii. 130, 15. Drýcræft wyrcan, 154, 8. a magic art or practice Drýcræftas necromantiae, An. Ox. 4, 29.

in-lendisc

(adj.)
Grammar
in-lendisc, adj.

Native ⬩ indigenous

Entry preview:

Se forsǽda bisceop angan tó befrínenne sume inlendisce ymbe ðæs íglondes gewunan the aforesaid bishop began to ask some of the natives about the customs of the island, Lchdm. iii. 432, 28.

láð-wende

(adj.)
Grammar
láð-wende, adj.

evil ⬩ hostile ⬩ malignant

Entry preview:

Evilly disposed, evil, hostile, malignant Wæs láðwendo ongan wið Sarran winnan Hagar was evilly disposed and began to strive with Sarah, Cd. 102; Th. 135, 7; Gen. 2239.

ge-wǽde

(n.)
Grammar
ge-wǽde, -wéde, es; n.

A garment ⬩ clothing ⬩ vestimentum

Entry preview:

Ongon me gewédum þeccan he began to deck me with weeds, Exon. 103 a; Th. 391, 13; Rä. 10, 4

ge-nǽgan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-nǽgan, -négan; p. de; pp. ed; c. acc.

To approach one with anything, address, approach, assail, assault ⬩ adire aliquem aliqua re, appellare, instare alicui, urgere, tribulare

Entry preview:

pers: gen. inst. rei To approach one with anything, address, approach, assail, assault; adire aliquem aliqua re, appellare, instare alicui, urgere, tribulare Hio sió cwén ongan wordum genégan the queen began to address them with words, Elen.

Linked entries: nǽgan ge-négan

wæcnan

(v.)
Grammar
wæcnan, p. ede

To waken ⬩ arise ⬩ spring

Entry preview:

He began to wakne, Havel. 2164. Ther wakeneth in the world wondred ant wee, P. S. 152, 17. Also transitive Itt iss waccnedd off slæp þurh þatt te faderr stireþþ itt and waccneþþ, Orm. 5845. Thai wakned Crist, Met. Homl. 134, 9

Linked entry: a-wacnian

un-rǽdlíce

(adv.)
Grammar
un-rǽdlíce, adv.

Unadvisedly ⬩ inconsiderately

Entry preview:

Hé begann tó lufienne leahtras tó swíðe mid his cnihtum, ðe unrǽdlíce férdon on heora ídelum lustum, Ælfc. T. Grn. 17, 14. On ðám ænglum ðe unrǽdlíce módegodon, Homl. Skt. i. 13, 183.

sige-gealdor

(n.)
Grammar
sige-gealdor, es ; n.
Entry preview:

A charm that gives victory Ic mé on ðisse gyrde belúce . . . wið eal ðæt láð ðe intó land fare ; sygegealdor ic begale, sigegyrd ic mé wege, Lchdm. i. 388, 14

Linked entries: sige-gird galdor

efen-fela

(n.; num.)
Grammar
efen-fela, -feola; indecl.

So many, as many ⬩ tŏtĭdem, tot

Entry preview:

So many, as many; tŏtĭdem, tot Eardas rúme Meotud arǽrde efen-fela bega þeóda and þeáwa the Creator established spacious lands, as many of both nations and manners, Exon. 89 a; Th. 334, 17; Gn. Ex. 17.

Linked entries: æfen-fela em-fela

gyrwan

(v.)
Grammar
gyrwan, p. ede; pp. ed

To prepare ⬩ make ready ⬩ make ⬩ put on ⬩ clothe ⬩ adorn ⬩ părāre ⬩ făcĕre ⬩ vestīre ⬩ ornāre

Entry preview:

To prepare, make ready, make, put on, clothe, adorn; părāre, făcĕre, vestīre, ornāre Angan hine gyrwan he began to prepare himself, Cd. 23; Th. 28, 26; Gen. 442; Andr. Kmbl. 1590; An. 796.

un-síþ

(n.)
Grammar
un-síþ, es; m.

an evil ⬩ ill-advised expedition ⬩ a mishap ⬩ misfortune

Entry preview:

an evil, ill-advised expedition Wearð ofslegen Ecgfridus on his unsíðe, ðá ðá hé on Peohtum begann tó feohtanne tó dyrstelíce ofer Drihtnes willan (cf.

ge-sweorcan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-sweorcan, he -swyrcþ; p. -swearc, pl. -swurcon; pp. -sworcen

To become dark ⬩ be darkened ⬩ saddened ⬩ angry

Entry preview:

Ðá geswearc se Godes man semninga and ongan heardlíce and bitterlíce wépan then suddenly the man of God become sad and began to weep sorely and bitterly; solutus est in lacrymis vir Dei, Bd. 4, 25; S. 600, 29: Exon. 77 a; Th. 290, 3; Wand. 59.

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