Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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þ

scír

(adj.)
Grammar
scír, adj.

Clear ⬩ bright ⬩ bright ⬩ brilliant ⬩ splendid ⬩ resplendent ⬩ bright ⬩ brilliant ⬩ white ⬩ bright ⬩ lustrous ⬩ glittering ⬩ brilliant ⬩ clear ⬩ transparent ⬩ clear ⬩ limpid ⬩ bright ⬩ clear ⬩ pure ⬩ neat ⬩ bright ⬩ clear ⬩ brilliant ⬩ clear

Entry preview:

Th. 286, 7; Jul. 728. of a banner Fana hwearfode scír on sceafte the flag fluttered gleaming bright on its staff, Met. l, 11. of the voice, clear Wit Scilling scíran reorde song áófan, Exon. Th. 324, 32; Víd. 103

tó-weorpan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-weorpan, -werpan, -worpan, -wurpan, -wyrpan; p. -wearp, pl. -wurpon; pp. -worpen.

To throw in different directions ⬩ throw away ⬩ throw down ⬩ to scatter ⬩ disperse ⬩ destroy ⬩ overthrow ⬩ to scatter ⬩ disperse ⬩ to break in pieces ⬩ scatter the parts of a connected whole ⬩ to overthrow ⬩ to overturn ⬩ to throw down ⬩ destroy a building ⬩ demolish ⬩ to overthrow ⬩ to destroy the power of a person, ⬩ to destroy ⬩ to overthrow an institution, a practice, regulation, law, etc., ⬩ to put down ⬩ put an end to ⬩ destroy ⬩ make void ⬩ break ⬩ dissolve ⬩ to throw out

Entry preview:

Hí tówurpon ða heargas destructis fanis, Bd. 3, 30; S. 562, 15. Englas ðæt hús tówurpon þurh gástlícne cræft, Homl. Th. ii. 510, 15. Ðý læs eówer hús windas tóweorpan, Exon. Th. 281, 22; Jul. 650.

Linked entries: te-weorpan tó-torfian tó-wurpan tó-wyrpan

sceaft

(n.)
Grammar
sceaft, es; m.

A smooth, round, straight stick or pole, a shaft ⬩ the shaft of a spear ⬩ a spear ⬩ the shaft of an arrow ⬩ a pole ⬩ a taper

Entry preview:

Glouc. 419, 2.] a pole Fana hwearfode scír on sceafte, Met. 1. 11 . Ic gegaderode mé stuþan sceaftas . . . Ic lǽre ǽlcne ðara ðe manigne wǽn hæbbe, ðæt hé menige tó ðam ilcan wuda ðár ic ðás stuþan sceaftas cearf, Shrn. 163, 5-14.

grípan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Gripon (cf. gáres gripe, An. 187), unfægre under sceát werum scearpe gáras sharp spears fixed cruel fangs within the breasts of men, 2062. non-material Gráp heáh þreá on hǽðen cynn, Gen. 2545. trans. to seize, v. grípend Grípeð capessit, capit sumitque

HEARD

(adj.)
Grammar
HEARD, hard; adj.

HARD, harsh, austere, severe, rigorous, stern, stubborn, firm, hardy, brave ⬩ durus, rigidus, asper, acer

Entry preview:

Nǽfre hé ǽr ne siððan heardran hæle fand never before or since did he find a stouter warrior, 1442; B. 719.

Linked entries: a-heardung heard-mód hnesce

wilde

(adj.)
Grammar
wilde, adj.

Wild ⬩ wild ⬩ not domestic ⬩ not tamed ⬩ not broken in ⬩ wild ⬩ not cultivated ⬩ wild ⬩ uncultivated ⬩ uninhabited ⬩ wild ⬩ turbulent ⬩ ungoverned

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Com se biscop tó ðære mynstre (Peterborough) . . . ne fand ðǽr nán þing búton ealde weallas and wilde wuda, 963; Erl. 121, 28. of fire, wild, that spreads over a country (like a prairie fire) [cf.

Linked entries: ge-wilde wild-cyrfet

under-fón

Grammar
under-fón, <b>. I.</b>
Entry preview:

Chr. 867; P. 68, 20. (6a) add :-- Ðá sáule ð ðá gebodu angietað, and hié mid godcundre lufan underfóð, gif ðæt under-fangne andgit. . . Past. 367, 10. For ðý ðæt óðre men ðá ilcan bisne underfón, 451, 5. Hié noldon underfón ðíne láre, 267, 3.

dǽlan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Sceal þín hrá dǽlan, An. 954. to separate one's self from another, to part, depart (cf. sie fan iró drohtine délian skoldun, Hel. 4774) Ic feor gewíte, fleáme dǽle elongavi fugiens, Ps.

fæste

shaken ⬩ firmly ⬩ fast ⬩ urgently ⬩ strictly ⬩ solemnly ⬩ securely ⬩ fast ⬩ fast ⬩ speedily ⬩ at once

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Ic mé helpe fand þæt ic fæste ne feóll (that I did not straightway fall), 117, 13. Þæt þone mándrinc geceápað wer fæste feóre síne, Rä. 24, 14

Linked entry: fæstlíce

feoh

cattle ⬩ property ⬩ wealth ⬩ money ⬩ riches ⬩ treasure ⬩ bribe ⬩ gift ⬩ metal ⬩ coin

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Sume hí gebycgaþ hlísan mid heora ágnum deáþe, for þǽm hí wénaþ ꝥ hí næbben nán óþer fioh ðæs hlísan wyrþe búton hiora ágnum fiore nonnulli venerandum nomen gloriosae pretio mortis emerunt, 39, 11; F. 228, 29. property given as wages, bribe (v. feoh-fang

wíde

(adv.)
Grammar
wíde, adv.
Entry preview:

Ic ðysne sang fand, samnode wíde, Apstls. Kmbl. 4; Ap. 2. Ic eom wíde funden, brungen of bearwum and of burghleoþum, of denum and of dúnum, Exon. Th. 409, 15 ; Rä. 28, 1.

crisma

(n.)
Grammar
crisma, an; m. [chrisma, ătis, n. = χρῖσμα, ατος; n. an unction, from χρίω [fut. χρίσω] I touch the surface of a body, I rub or anoint]

χρῖσμα, ατος ⬩ χρίσω ⬩ the chrism ⬩ unction or holy oil, used for anointing by the Roman Catholic church after baptism ⬩ oleum chrismatis ⬩ the white vesture, called chrisom, which the minister puts upon the child immediately after dipping it in water, or pouring water upon it in baptism ⬩ chrismale, id est, vestis candida, quæ super corpus baptlzati ponitur.

Entry preview:

On ðam háligan fante, ǽrðanðe ge hý fullian, ge scylon dón crisman on Cristes róde tácne; and man ne mót besprengan men mid ðæm fantwætere, syððan se crisma biþ ðǽron gedón O ye mass-priests, my brethren, we will now say to you what we have not before

Linked entries: crism-lýsing crysma

hiw

(adj.)
Grammar
hiw, l. híw,

shape ⬩ form ⬩ shape ⬩ figure ⬩ a form ⬩ shape ⬩ writing ⬩ appearance ⬩ aspect ⬩ colour ⬩ form ⬩ kind ⬩ nature ⬩ character ⬩ formula ⬩ form ⬩ type ⬩ model ⬩ a pretex ⬩ a fancy ⬩ a kind ⬩ species

Entry preview:

Ox. 2684: 3930. an imaginary form, a fancy Scinlác vel híw fantasia, i. imaginatio, delusio mentis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 147, 42. a kind, species On seofen híwum septem speciebus (dirimuntur), An. Ox. 3113

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
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Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

toll

(n.)
Grammar
toll, es; n. m. (?)

Toll, ⬩ tax, ⬩ custom, ⬩ duty, ⬩ due ⬩ that which is paid to the state. ⬩ that which is paid to individuals ⬩ taking toll

Entry preview:

Alword portgeréfa and Alwine fángon tó ðam tolle for ðæs cynges hand, 636, 30. Æilsig bohte ánne wífmann and hire sunu mid healfe punde, and sealde Æilsige portgeréfa and Maccosse hundredesmann .iiii. penegas tó tolle, 627, 14.

sceát

(n.)
Grammar
sceát, es; m.

a corner, an angle ⬩ corner, quarter ⬩ a projection, promontory ⬩ a nook, corner, region ⬩ a lap, bosom ⬩ the bosom ⬩ a bay ⬩ sinus ⬩ a garment ⬩ a cloth, napkin ⬩ cloak,fold

Entry preview:

Gripon unfægre under sceát werum scearpe gáras sharp spears fixed cruel fangs within the breasts of men, Cd. Th. 124, 17; Gen. 2064. In sceát álegd ł bewedded ł befest desponsata (cf. gesceátwyrpe despondi, Wrt.

Linked entry: sceáta

willa

(n.)
Grammar
willa, an; m.

will, the faculty of willing ⬩ will, purpose, design, command ⬩ will, determination, resolution ⬩ intention, purpose, desire to act ⬩ will, desire, wish ⬩ pleasure, delight ⬩ will, disposition ⬩ will, accord, consent, pleasure ⬩ Ger. meinetwillen ⬩ will, one's own way

Entry preview:

Heó wide hire willan sóhte, nó hweðere reste fand, Cd. Th. 87, 28; Gen. 1455. Ða willan and ða getǽsu ðe him on ðisse worulde becumaþ, Past. 50; Swt. 387, 15. Hwǽr cumaþ his willan and his fyrenlustas? Blickl. Homl. 113,I.

wesan

(v.)
Grammar
wesan, p. wæs, pl. wǽron
Entry preview:

Sǽde hé ðæt hé hine cniht wesende gesáwe quod fanum se in pueritia vidisse testabatur Bd. 2, 15 ; S. 518, 36 : Exon. Th. 320, 34; Víd. 39.

Linked entries: cniht-wesende æt-eom a-weosung eom weosan fóre-wesan

deáh

Grammar
deáh, is of use, is good or virtuous, avails, Herb. 2, 22; Lchdm. i. 86, 18. Bt. 27, 2; Fox 98, 15: Exon. 80 b; Th. 303, 5; Fä. 48: Beo. Th. 1151; B. 573; pres.
Entry preview:

of dugan

Linked entry: dég

fá-lǽcan

(v.)

to be at deadly enmity, to be at feud

Entry preview:

to be at deadly enmity, to be at feud, L. Ath. i. 20; Th. i. 210, 10, MS. L

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