Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

þeóden

(n.)
Grammar
þeóden, es; m.
Entry preview:

the chief of a þeód [cf. dryhten, dryht for connexion of þeóden, þeód], a prince, king; the word is used almost exclusively in poetry, but occurs once in the Laws in an alliterative phrase Ǽlc be his mǽðe, eorl and ceorl, þegen and þeóden, L. R. 1; Th

wísian

(v.)
Grammar
wísian, p. ode.

shewguidedirectto shewshewpoint putguidedirectindicate

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where movement takes place, to shew the way, guide, direct, Grammar wísian, absolute Hé stóp on strǽte, stíg wísode, Andr. Kmbl. 1970; An. 987. Hé lét his francan wadan þurh ðæs hysses hals, hand wísode, Byrht. Th. 135, 61 ; By. 141. Snyredon ðǽr secg

Linked entry: riht-wísian

ge-scendan

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Add Þá gescendan confusam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 24, 33. to disfigure, spoil, injure, mar, dejile, corrupt. physical Ðeáh ðe ðæt gecynd ðæs carbuncules híne úp áhebbe, his blioh hine gescent quem naturalis ordo praelulerat, coloris qualitas foedat, Past. 411

heán

lowpoormeanignoblebasehumbleddepresseddejectedcast downmiserablewretchedmeanbaselow

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Add: of persons. of low degree, of humble condition, low, poor, as opposed to ríce, welig, wlanc Se hálga (Noah) cwæð þæt hé (Ham) wesan sceolde heán . . . hleómága þeów (servus servorum erit fratribus suis, Gen. 9, 25), Gen. 1595. Ic mé ceóse þæt ic

innan

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Add: <b>A.</b> as adverb. local, within, inside. in reference to a place or thing Gif hé þone oxan innan betýnan nolde, Ll. Th. i. 48, 31. Sió sunne ne mæg ealle gesceafta innan geondscínan, Bt. 41, l ; F. 244, 9. Ufan hit is enge and hit

wamm

(n.)
Grammar
wamm, es; m. n.

a spot, mark, blot. stainfilth, impurity, corruptiona blot, disgrace, damage, hurtmoral stain, impurity, uncleanness, defilementevil, sin, shameful word or deed:

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in a physical sense, a spot, mark, blot. stain Wam livor, Wrt. Voc. ii. 50, 17. Wommum nevis, 61, 39. filth, impurity, corruption Wyrms oððe wom lues, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 27;Zup. 53, 7. Cwealmbǽrne wom letiferam luem (gipsae crudelitas, quae letiferam civibus

Linked entries: wom wam

slítan

(v.)
Grammar
slítan, p. slát, pl. sliton; pp. sliten

To slit, tear, rendto tear a garment rendto tear, split, rend, cleave, divideto tear, rend, as an animal does with the teeth or feet, a bird with its beak, to tear, bite irritateto tear to destroy, waste, consumeto carp at, back-biteto tear attero to tear, split to tear, break scindere, lacerare, laniare, lacessere, saevire, delere to slit, tear, break

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To slit, tear, rend in the following glosses: Sclát carpebat Wrt. Voc. ii. 103, 51. Bítende and slítende mordax 57, 52. Slítende mordens Kent. Gl. 580: corrumpens Hpt. Gl. 454, 68. Ic beó sliten carpor Wrt. Voc. ii. 21, 40. Wǽran slitene carpebantur

ÁGAN

(v.)
Grammar
ÁGAN, to áganne; pres. part, ágende; pres. indic. ic, he áh, ðú áhst, pl. ágon, ágan, águn; p. ic, he áhte, ðú ahtest, pl. áhton; subj. ic, ðú, he áge, pl. ágen; p. ic áhte, pl. áhten; pp. ágen.

OWNpossesshaveobtainpossiderehaberepercipereto make another to own or possessto givedeliverrestoredare in possessionemreddererependere

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to OWN, possess, have, obtain; possidere, habere, percipere Ðe micel ágan willaþ who desire [will] to possess much, Bt. 14, 2; Fox 44, 13. Nú ic áh mǽste þearfe Now I have the utmost need, Byrht. Th. 136, 60; By. 175. Gesyle eall ðæt ðú age vende quæcumque

FOLDE

(n.)
Grammar
FOLDE, an; f.

the earthdry landtellusterraa landcountrydistrictregionterritoryrĕgiotractusplăgaterrĭtōriunithe groundsoilhŭmussŏlumearthclayterræ līmuslŭtum

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the earth, dry land; tellus, terra He geséceþ fægre land ðonne ðeós folde he shall seek a fairer land than this earth, Cd. 218; Th. 277, 32; Sae. 213: 84; Th. 106, 3; Gen. 1765: 100; Th. 133, 2; Gen. 2204: Exon. 73a; Th. 272, 14; Jul. 499: 120a; Th.

FULL

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
FULL, ful; gen. m. n. fulles, f. fulre: def. se fulla; seó, ðæt fulle: comp. m. fulra, f. n. fulre; sup. fullost; adj.

FULLfilledcompleteentireplēnussătiātusconfertusintĕger

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FULL, filled, complete, entire; plēnus, sătiātus, confertus, intĕger Ðæt se weorþig full sǽte that the street was [lit. sat] full, Bd. 3, 6; S. 528, 18. Be-yrnþ se móna hwíltídum ðonne he full byþ on ðære sceade ufeweardre the moon, when it is full,

Linked entries: ful ful- fol

lád-teów

(n.)
Grammar
lád-teów, es; m.

A leaderguideconductorgeneral

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A leader, guide, conductor, a leader in war, general Ǽnne of þám þrím englum ða ðe him on ǽghwæðere gesihþe ládteów wæs unum de tribus angelis, qui sibi in tota utraque visione ductores adfuerunt, Bd. 3, 19; S. 548, 31. Ðæt hé his ládteów beón sceolde

staþol

(n.)
Grammar
staþol, (-el, -ul), es; m.
Entry preview:

a foundation (lit. or fig.) (cf. staddle the bottom of a hay-stack, E. D. S. Pub. Gloss. 15, 19) Staþol fundamen, Wrt. Voc. ii, 152, 15. Se fruma and se staþol eallra góda ðe of him cumaþ, Bt. 34, 5; Fox 140, 4. Biþ Drihten úre se trumesta staþol, Blickl

Linked entry: scaþel

wóh

(adj.)
Grammar
wóh, adj.

not straightbentcrookedtwistedobliquenot rightperversefrowardwrongunfair

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not straight, bent, crooked, twisted, oblique Wiþ lyftádle, gif se múð sié wóh, Lchdm. ii. 338, 5. Gif múð oðde eáge wóh weorðeþ, L. Ethb. 44; Th. i. 14, 9. Hláford mín (the plough's) wóh færeþ, weard æt steorte, Exon. Th. 403, 7; Rä. 22, 4: 483, 14;

ge-restan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Add: ge-ræstan. intrans. to repose on a couch, lie down Ic neapiu and gerestu obdormiam et requiescam, Ps. Srt. 4, 9. Se ðe gehrestað qui recumbit, Lk. L. 22, 27. Mom'ge synnfulle gereston (-ræston, L. discumbebant), Mk. R. 2, 15. Geræstun, Mt. L. 9,

hyht

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Add: hope, expectation of something desired Ðæt sió manung hine tó hyhte gehwierfe ut admonitio eum ad&#39;spent reducat, Past. 265, 21. <b>la.</b> </b> in gen. Ne bið him wynne hyht, Ph. 480. Þú mé gelǽddest mid lufan hyhte deduxisti

HEARD

(adj.)
Grammar
HEARD, hard; adj.

HARD, harsh, austere, severe, rigorous, stern, stubborn, firm, hardy, bravedurus, rigidus, asper, acer

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HARD, harsh, austere, severe, rigorous, stern, stubborn, firm, hardy, brave Hond and heard sweord the hand and the hard blade, Beo. Th. 5011; B. 2509. Ic wát ðæt ðú eart heard mann scio quia homo durus es, Mt. Kmbl. 25, 24. Heard is ðeós sprǽc this is

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
  • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
  • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

hyht

(n.)
Grammar
hyht, es; m. [f. Ps. Th. 77, 53.]

Hopejoyous expectationjoy

Entry preview:

Hope, joyous expectation, joy Hiht on Gode Hope in God, Homl. Th. ii. 602, 11. Ðære gástlícan strenge mycel hyht the great hope of spiritual strength, Blickl. Homl. 135, 28. Mé is hálig hyht on hine spes mea in Deo est, Ps. Th. 61, 7: 70, 4. Ðú eart

Linked entry: hiht

LÁR

(n.)
Grammar
LÁR, e; f.

LOREteachinginstructionlearningknowledgecunningsciencepreachingdoctrinedogmapreceptexhortationadmonitioncounselsuggestioninstigationpersuasion

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LORE, teaching, instruction, learning, knowledge, cunning, science, preaching, doctrine, dogma, precept Lár disciplina: doctrina, Ælfc. Gl. 80; Som. 72, 100, 101; Wrt. Voc. 46, 57, 58. Folclíc lár omilia, 35; Som. 62, 75; Wrt. Voc. 28, 53. Lár dogma,

Linked entries: folc-lár lǽr

LÍF

(n.)
Grammar
LÍF, es; n.

LIFE

Entry preview:

LIFE [the opposite of death], mode of life, period during which a man lives Hwæt is ðæt líf elles ðysses middangeardes búton lytelu ylding deáþes, Blickl. Homl. 59, 27. Twá líf sind sóðlíce ... ðæt in líf is deádlíc, ðæt óðer undeádlíc, Homl. Th. i.