Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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þeófend

(n.)
Grammar
þeófend, þeófent, e; f. (the word seems to occur only in the plural)
Entry preview:

Theft Of hearte útgaas ... ðiófunta de corde exeunt ... furta, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 15, 19. Ðiófunto (-ento, Rush.) furta, Mk. Skt. Lind. 7, 22. Wið þeófentum, Lchdm. iii. 58, 1. Ic heó tó þeófendum and tó gefliturn stihte, Wulfst. 255, 11. Ne leásunga tó

þiustra

(n.)
Grammar
þiustra, Wrt. Voc. ii. l00, 18; according to form the word might belong to þeóstru, but it glosses ambulas, the meaning of which, according to the dictionary, is endive
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or chicory

þearm-gewind

(n.)
Grammar
þearm-gewind, -wind, es; m. The words seem to mean 'that which enwraps the intestines,' cf. plecta wǽfelsa, gewynde, Hpt. Gl. 462, 64, but they are used to gloss jugulam (-um?), so should mean the collar-bone, or the hollow part of the neck above the collar-bone, or
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the throat Gescyld ðearmgewind (ðearmwind, lxxiv, 24), breóstbán, breóst tege jugulam, pectusculum, mamillas, Lchdm. i. lxxii, 1

þorp

(n.)
Grammar
þorp, þrop, es; m. Perhaps the idea at first connected with the words is that of an assemblage, cf. the use in Icelandic: Maðr heitir einnhverr ... þorp ef þrír ero, Skáldskaparmál; þyrpast to crowd, throng: þyrping
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a crowd: later the word may have been used of the assemblage of workers on an estate, and also of the estate on which they worked; all three ideas seem to be implied in one or other of the following glosses Tuun, þrop, ðrop conpetum, Txts. 53, 557: Wrt

Linked entry: þrop

þrǽstan

(v.)
Grammar
þrǽstan, p. te.

to twist ⬩ writhe ⬩ roll about ⬩ to torture ⬩ torment ⬩ harass ⬩ plague ⬩ afflict ⬩ to press ⬩ constrain

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to twist, writhe, roll about Ðæt hors on misenlíce dǽlas hit wond and ðrǽste cum diversas in partes se torqueret, Bd. 3, 9; S. 533, 36. Hé misenlícum styrenessum ongan his limu ðrǽstan diversis motibus coepit membra torquere, 3, 11; S. 536, 15. to torture

Linked entries: a-þrǽstan þræscende for-þrǽstan

þrafian

(v.)
Grammar
þrafian, p. ode.

to urge ⬩ press ⬩ to reprove ⬩ rebuke ⬩ correct

Entry preview:

to urge, press Ic ðrafige urgeo, Ælfc. Gr. 26, 3; Zup. 155, 12. Gif ic míne heorde tó swíðe þrafige on gancge and swence hig ealle hig sweltaþ ánes dæges si greges meos plus in ambulando fecero laborare, morientur cuncti una die, R. Ben. 120, 20. Mec

þreágan

(v.)
Grammar
þreágan, þreán, and þreáwian (v. þreápian); p. þreáde [in Bt. 38, 1; Fox 196, 7 a form occurs that might be a strong past of þreán, on the analogy of þweán, sleán Ðæt gewit wæs swíþe sorgiende for ðám ermþum ðe hí ðrógan; cf. the rendering of the same passage in the metres: Ðæt mód wæs swíðe sorgum gebunden for ðǽm earfoþum ðe him on sǽton,
  • Met. 26, 97.
But, perhaps, drugon should be read, as, Latin is:]; pp. þreád.

to reprove ⬩ rebuke ⬩ reproach ⬩ to punish one who deserves punishment ⬩ to chastise by way of discipline, with a view to amend ⬩ to chasten ⬩ correct ⬩ to torture ⬩ torment ⬩ afflict ⬩ distress ⬩ vex ⬩ oppress

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to reprove, rebuke, reproach Ic hine þreáge (ðreá, Lind.: ðriá, Rush.) and forlǽte corripiam illum et dimittam, Lk. Skt. 23, 22. Ne þreáge (drégu, Surt.: þreá, Spl. C.: þrǽwie, Spl. T.) ic eów non arguam te, Ps. Th. 49, 9. Þreáge (ðréu, Surt.: ðreáge

Linked entries: þreán þreiga ðrogan

þrowing

(n.)
Grammar
þrowing, þreowing, e; f.

suffering as opposed to doing ⬩ suffering which is painful ⬩ a painful symptom ⬩ suffering that is undergone for the sake of religion ⬩ suffering of persecution, cross ⬩ suffering which ends in death, passion, martyrdom ⬩ the anniversary of a martyr's suffering

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suffering as opposed to doing Verbum is word, and word getácnaþ weorc oððe ðrowunge oððe geþafunge, Ælfc. Gr. 5; Zup. 9, 3. Him (the verb) gelimpþ siginficatio, ðæt ys getácnung, hwæt ðæt word getácnige, dǽde oððe þrowunge oððe náðor, 19; Zup. 119, 14

Þú

(pronoun.)
Grammar
Þú, pers. pron.

Thou

Entry preview:

Thou. Grammar Þú, alone Ðis land ðe þú gesihst, Gen. 13, 15. Hwæt eart þú þe þýn ansýn is swylce ánes sceaþan, and hwæt ys ðæt tácen þe þú on uppan þínum exlum byrst? Nicod. 32; Thw. 18, 19. Gewít þú, Abraham, féran ... þú scealt Isaac mé onsecgan, Cd

Linked entries: tú þec þeh þistel

þreátian

(v.)
Grammar
þreátian, p. ode.

to urge ⬩ press ⬩ to oppress ⬩ afflict ⬩ vex ⬩ trouble ⬩ exercise ⬩ harass ⬩ to urge a person to something ⬩ press for something ⬩ force to do something ⬩ to reprove ⬩ rebuke ⬩ to threaten

Entry preview:

to urge, press Threátade urguet, Wrt. Voc. ii. 124, 21. to oppress, afflict, vex, trouble, exercise, harass Ðú ðreátt ða ðeóda ðe ús ðreátigeaþ, Ps. Th. 9, 5. Mec láðgeteónan þreátedon þearle my foes harassed me sorely, Beo. Th. 1124; B. 560. Wyrd .

Linked entries: þreátnian þreátung

under-beginnan

(v.)

to attempt

Entry preview:

to attempt Nú þincþ mé ðæt ðæt weorc is swíþe pleólíc mé oþþe ǽnigum men tó underbeginnenne, Ælfc. Gen. Thw. 1, 14

Linked entry: be-ginnan

underling

(n.)
Grammar
underling, es; m. (the word seems to occur only in late texts)

An underling ⬩ a subordinate ⬩ a subject

Entry preview:

An underling, a subordinate, a subject Heó ( the Jews ) syððen ǽfre unwurðe wǽron on heora lífdagen and get synden underlinges, Homl. Ass. 194, 50. Eádward kyng grét Harald eurl and alle his undurlynges ( omnes meos ministros ) in Herefordeshíre, Cod

under-standan

(v.)
Grammar
under-standan, p. -stód, pl. -stódon; pp. -standen.

to understand ⬩ have insight into ⬩ to understand ⬩ perceive ⬩ know certainly ⬩ to understand in such and such a sense ⬩ to conceive of ⬩ consider ⬩ to accept as correct ⬩ to observe ⬩ notice ⬩ consider

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to understand, have insight into Ðú genóh wel understentst ðæt ic ðé tó sprece, Bt. 13; Fox 38, 1. Se godcunda foreþonc hit understent eall swiþe ryhte ... wé ne cunnon ðæt riht understandan, 39, 8; Fox 224, 19-21. Gecýðnessa ðíne ic ongeat ł understód

Linked entry: for-standan

under-wreðian

(v.)
Grammar
under-wreðian, -wreoðian, -wriðian

to support ⬩ sustain ⬩ supponere

Entry preview:

to support, sustain Ic underwreðige (-wreoðige, MSS. F. O.) fulcio, Ælfc. Gr. 30, 2; Zup. 190, 5. Underwreðie, Engl. Stud. xi. 65, 34. Ðú underwreððes sustentas, Rtl. 45, 9. Underwreoðaþ his untrumnesse sustentat inbecillitatem suam, Kent. Gl. 644. Ealle

Linked entry: under-wriðian

un-dón

(v.)
Grammar
un-dón, p. -dyde; pp. -dón

To undo ⬩ to undo that which is closed ⬩ to open ⬩ to undo that which is bound ⬩ to release ⬩ to release ⬩ absolve ⬩ to undo that which closes ⬩ to open a door ⬩ to undo that which binds or fastens ⬩ to undo a bolt, a knot ⬩ to undo what has been done ⬩ to abrogate ⬩ destroy

Entry preview:

To undo. to undo that which is closed, to open Ðá heó ðone windel undyde aperiens fiscellam, Ex. 2, 6. Ðá undyde hira án his sacc aperto sacco, Gen. 42, 27. Hé undyde his múð, Homl. Th. i. 548, 14. Ðá undydon wé úre saccas aperuimus saccos nostros, Gen

þweán

(v.)
Grammar
þweán, p. þwóh, pl. þwógon; pp. þwagen, þwægen, þwegen, þwogen.

to wash ⬩ to anoint.

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to wash. Grammar þweán, with object of that which is to be cleansed Petrus cwæð tó him: 'Ne þwyhst (ðuóas, Lind.: ðwǽs, Rush.) ðú nǽfre míne fét.' Se Hǽlend cwæþ: ' Gif ic ðé ne þweá (áðóa, Lind.: ðwǽ, Rush.), næfst ðú nánne dǽl

un-gemet

(adj.; adv.; prefix)
Grammar
un-gemet, Where the word seems to be used with an adjective or with an adverbial force, it is given, as in the case of ungemet-hleahtor, as part of a compound:
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Grff. ii. 898-9

wang

(n.)
Grammar
wang, es; m. . I. the word, which is almost confined to poetry, may be rendered by words denoting the surface of the ground taken in their most general sense,
Entry preview:

field, plain, land, country, place Wonge (wongc?) arvum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 10, 51. Mec se wǽta wong wundrum freórig of his innaþe cende roscida me genuit gelido de viscere tellus (Ald.), Exon. Th. 417, 7; Rä. 36, 1. Se wong seomaþ eádig and onsund. Is ðæt

Linked entries: ge-wenge wencge wenge

wer

(n.)
Grammar
wer, and <b>were,</b> es; m. [The word seems to be interchangeable with wer-gild (q. v.), e. g.
Entry preview:

Gif hé geþeó ðæt hé hæbbe híwisc landes . . . þonne bið his wergild .cxx. sciłł.; and gif hé ne geþeó búton tó healfre híde, þonne sí his wer (were, v. l. ) .lxxx. sciłł., L. Wg. 7; Th. i. 186, 14. Wergildes ( v. l. weres) . . . Se wer, 1; Th. i. 186,

wíc

(n.)
Grammar
wíc, The word is generally neuter, but as it is often used in the plural where a singular might express the meaning, the similarity of neuter plural and feminine singular accusatives seems to have caused the word to be taken sometimes as feminine, e. g. tó ánre wíc, Homl. Th. i. 402, 22. A weak form also seems to be used, Chart. Th. 446, 29.
Entry preview:

a dwelling-place, abode, habitation, residence, lodging, quarters Hé tó him wilniende wæs ðætte heó him funden swylce londáre swylce hé mid árum on beón mehte, and his wíc ðaer on byrig beón mihte on his lífe, Chart. Erl. 69, 23. In locum qui dicitur

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