Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

full-gangan

(v.)
Grammar
full-gangan, p. -geóng, pl. -geóngon; pp. -gangen; with the dat.

To fulfil ⬩ accomplish ⬩ finish ⬩ perfĭcĕre ⬩ fīnīre

Entry preview:

To fulfil, accomplish, finish; perfĭcĕre, fīnīre Ðæt hí móstan ðám gewinne fullgangan that they might finish the war, Ors. 3, 1; Bos. 54, 21

geagl

(n.)
Grammar
geagl, geahl, es; m. [also n. v. the last example]

The jowl ⬩ jaw ⬩ mandĭbŭla ⬩ rictus ⬩ fauces

Entry preview:

The jowl, jaw; mandĭbŭla, rictus, fauces Geagl mandĭbŭla, Cot. 128. Geagl rictus Proœm. R. Concord. On ðam geagle in the jowl, L. M. 1, 4; Lchdm. ii. 46, 8. To swillanne ðone geagl to swill the jowl, 1, 1; Lchdm. ii. 24, 10 : 1, 4; Lchdm. ii. 48, 15,

Linked entry: geahl

eges-ful

Grammar
eges-ful, ege-ful. l. eges-ful, omit the instances of ege-ful,
Entry preview:

and add Mereflódes weard ( the Deity ) yrre and egesfull, Exod. 505. Ne bið ús ( devils) freá milde egesful ealdor (the Devil ), Jul. 329. Egesful eorla drihten ( Holofernes ), Jud. 21. Þæt egesfulle horrendus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 42, 43. Egesfulra terribilium

láþettan

Grammar
láþettan, [In the last two passages láþettan translates infestare, which however is for infestari. The original Latin of the two translations is: Canes latrantes uiderit vel eis infestare, and: Camelos uidere et ab eis se uiderit infestare.]
Entry preview:

For 'To be odious . . . hate' substitute: to abhor, execrate, hate, hold in detestation Þíne goda ic láðette and him teónan dó ego diis tuis abominationem feci Angl. xvii. 116, 4. Man tó forð láþet þæt man scolde lufian, Wlfst. 165, 3 [: 168, 13: Wrt

Linked entry: lǽþettan

C

Grammar
C, In Gothic and Icelandic C is entirely wanting, being always represented by k. It is remarkable that the Anglo-Saxons have seldom made use of k; but, following the Latin, have preferred the use of c.
Entry preview:

the letter c is found as an initial, medial, and final. — As an initial letter it corresponds to the Gothic amd Icelandic k; as, — A. Sax. corn corn, Goth. karn, Icel. korn; A; Sax. ceósan to choose, Goth. kiusan, Icel. kjósa. As a

éstful-líce

(adv.)
Entry preview:

Hé mé þus éstfullíce æt þisum baðe þegnað mihi solet tam devotissime ad lavandum obsequi, 343, 13. Add

ge-lífedlíce

(adv.)
Grammar
ge-lífedlíce, adv.
Entry preview:

Xersis swíþe geliéfedlíce his þegne gehiérde, and þonan áfór regem Mardonius adgreditur, suadens regem in regnum redire oportere . . . Probato consilio . . . rex Abydum proficisitur, Ors. 2, 5; S. 84, 1.

þæran

(v.)
Grammar
þæran, (? þærran)

to dry ⬩ wipe

Entry preview:

to dry, wipe Hé ðá hét geótan wæter on mundleów and ongan his þegna fét þweán and þæran (other MSS. have þar an, þær ana; the Latin in Jn. 13, 5 is extergere.

Linked entries: þerran þirran

wansian

(v.)
Grammar
wansian, p. ode [the word seems to occur only late, and perhaps is due to Scandinavian, cf. Icel. vansi want: wanian is the usual word]

To diminish

Entry preview:

To diminish Swá hwá swá fúre gife óuþer óðre gódene manne gyfe wansiaþ, wansie him seó heofenlíce iateward on heofonríce, Chr. 656 ; Erl. 32, 17. The compound á-wansian also occurs :-- If áni man ðis ilk forward breke and áwansige, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv

Linked entry: á-wansian

míl-pæþ

(n.)
Grammar
míl-pæþ, es; m.

A road along which miles are reckoned

Entry preview:

A road along which miles are reckoned Wlance þegnas mǽton mílpaþas meara bógum proud thanes traversed the roads on their steeds, Cd. 151; Th. 188, 20; Exod. 171: Elen. Kmbl. 2523; El. 1263: Runic pm. Kmbl. 340, 16; Rún. 5

þrítig

(n.; num.; adj.)
Grammar
þrítig, þrittig; num.

Thirty ⬩ thirty (years old)

Entry preview:

Hé genam þrítig þegna, Beo. Th. 246; B. 123. Dó hí ealle tógæderc, ðæt þrítig seolforsticca, Anglia xi. 8, 19. Wintra ðrittih (ðrítig, Rush.), Lk. Skt. Lind. 3, 23. Hé wæs ðrítiges geára eald, Past. 49; Swt. 385, 15.

for-drencan

Entry preview:

Holofernis fordræncte hine sylfne mid þám strangum wíne ... and ealle his þegnas wǽron fordræncte, Hml. A. 111, 294. Add:

twégen

(n.; num.; adj.)
Grammar
twégen, (twegen? In the later MSS. of the Gospels tweigen and twegen are found, but ei may represent earlier e, e. g. weig, Lk. 1, 79, eige, 2, 9; or é, e. g. wreigende, 23, 10, wreigeð, 23, 14: Layamon has tweiȝe, tweien: in the Ormulum the form is tweȝȝen); m.: twá, twuá; f.: tú, tuu, twá; n.: gen. twéga, twégea, tweágea, twíga, twégera, twégra (later Gospels have tweigre, tweire); dat. twám, twǽm Besides these West Saxon are the following forms, nom. acc. twǽgen, twœgen, tuoegi, tuoege, tuóge, tuoe, tué; m.: f. tuoege: gen. tuoega, tuoe, twégen, tuoegara, twoegra, tuoera.

Two ⬩ absolutely ⬩ distributively

Entry preview:

Two. used adjectivally Tuégen stridi passus, Txts. 85, 1510. Twégen (twǽgen, MS. E.) aldormen, Chr. 822; Erl. 62, 12. Twégen englas, Gen. 19, 1. Óþre twégen sealmas, R. Ben. 37, 11. Twǽgen míne mégas, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. 310, 23. Twoegen gibróþæra, Txts

Linked entries: tú tuu twá

Grendel

(n.)
Grammar
Grendel, gen. Grendles
Entry preview:

[Grendel] reste genam þrítig þegna: gewát to hám mid ðære wælfylle [Grendel] took thirty thanes in their rest: departed to his home with the slaughtered corpses, 249-250; B. 122-125. Grendles módor Grendle's mother, Beo.

sumer-lida

(n.)
Grammar
sumer-lida, an; m. [Lida, like the equivalent Icel. liði in sumar-liði, elsewhere refers to a single object, man or ship (v. lida, sǽ-, ýð-lida), but in the passage given below from the Chronicle seems to mean a fleet. Later in the same work liþ (q. v.), which seems taken from the Scandinavians, is used in this sense, e. g. ðæt lið ðæt on Sandwíc læg, 1052; Erl. 183, 40, can sumer-lida be intended to represent Norse sumar-lið? In one other place sumer-lida occurs, in company with words relating to the sea, and it there glosses malleolus; but here perhaps sumer-loda should be read, and malleolus be taken in the sense shoot, twig (see spæc); cf. O. H. Ger. sumar-lota, -lata virgultum, palmes. v. Anglia xiii. 330.]
Entry preview:

A summer fleet, one that sets forth in summer and returns in autumn Æfter ðissum gefeohte cuom micel sumorlida (tó Reádingum, MS. E.), Chr. 871; Erl. 74, 35. [Steenstrup takes the word to mean a force moving from its quarters in England, and leaving

BIDDAN

(v.)
Grammar
BIDDAN, ic bidde, ðú biddest, bidst bitst, he biddeþ, bit, byt, bitt, pl. biddaþ; impert. bide, pl. biddaþ; p. ic, he bæd, ðú bǽde, pl. bǽdon; pp. beden : followed by an acc. of the person, or by the prep. to, and a gen. of the thing; v. trans.

To ask, pray, intreat, beseech, BID, order, require ⬩ petere, poscere, orare, quærere, precari, deprecari, rogare, postulare, præcipere, requirere

Entry preview:

To ask, pray, intreat, beseech, BID, order, require; petere, poscere, orare, quærere, precari, deprecari, rogare, postulare, præcipere, requirere Ic bidde peto, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 1; Som. 30, 41. Eádréd, cyning, biddeþ and hálsaþ Eadred, king, prayeth and

Linked entries: a-biddan bæd be-biddan BÉD bedd beden biddende biddere bide

wíc

(n.)
Grammar
wíc, The word is generally neuter, but as it is often used in the plural where a singular might express the meaning, the similarity of neuter plural and feminine singular accusatives seems to have caused the word to be taken sometimes as feminine, e. g. tó ánre wíc, Homl. Th. i. 402, 22. A weak form also seems to be used, Chart. Th. 446, 29.
Entry preview:

a dwelling-place, abode, habitation, residence, lodging, quarters Hé tó him wilniende wæs ðætte heó him funden swylce londáre swylce hé mid árum on beón mehte, and his wíc ðaer on byrig beón mihte on his lífe, Chart. Erl. 69, 23. In locum qui dicitur

ofer-méttu (o)

(n.)
Grammar
ofer-méttu (o), indecl. in sing. ; but declined in pl. , where it is used with singular meaning, cf. ofer-hygd, -méde : perhaps all the instances which follow may belong to the plural, since eáþmétto takes a verb in the plural; f.

Pride, arrogance, haughtiness

Entry preview:

Pride, arrogance, haughtiness Hine his hyge gespeón and his ofermétto ealra swíðost, Cd. Th. 22, 35; Gen. 351. þurh heora miclan mód, and þurh ofermétto, 22, 7; Gen. 337 : 21, 30; Gen. 332. Hé biþ on oferméttu (-métto, Cott. MSS.) áwended . . . hé ástág

land-mearc

Entry preview:

Þegnas and ceorlas habbað landmearke, hú mycele má geríst hyt ꝥ seó tíd hæbbe mearke, Angl. viii. 326, 12. Add

CEORL

(n.)
Grammar
CEORL, es; m.

CHURL, countryman, husbandman ⬩ homo liber, rusticus, colonus ⬩ a man, husband ⬩ vir, maritus ⬩ a free man

Entry preview:

Ðú hæfdest fíf ceorlas thow hast had five husbands, 4, 18. a free man, as opposed to þeów, and to þrǽl a slave; or as opposed to þegen a thane or nobleman, as we say, 'gentle or simple:' — We witan ðæt, þurh Godes gyfe, þrǽl wearþ to þegene, and ceorl

Linked entry: ciorl

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