Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

E

Grammar
E, Anglo-Saxon words, containing the short or unaccented vowel e, are often represented by modern English words of the same meaning, having the sound of e in
Entry preview:

Some remarks on the accented é in Grimm's Deutsche Grammatik, 2nd Edit.

cyric

(n.)
Grammar
cyric, a church. v. in the compounds cyric-ǽwe, -belle, -bóc, -bót, -bryce, -burh, -dór, -friþ, -fultum, -georn, -geriht, -griþ, etc.

Linked entry: cyric-ǽwe

-ern

(suffix)
Grammar
-ern, def. m.-erna ; f. n. -erne ; an adjective termination from ærn, ern a place, denoting, as -ern in English,

Towards a place

Entry preview:

Towards a place Godrum se Norþerna cyning forþférde Godrum, the Northern king, died. Chr. 890; Th. 160, 1. He forþbrohte Súþerne wynd transtŭlit austrum, Ps. Spl. 77, 30. Fram deófle Súþernum a dæmŏnio mĕrīdiāno, Ps. Spl. 90, 6. Betwux eallum Eásternum

ge-stund

(n.)
Grammar
ge-stund, The Latin original is: Ita immensis vagitibus horrescere audiebantur, ut totam pene a coelo in terra intercapidinem clangisonis boatibus impleverunt.

This might be a link to, a part of or a variant of another entry.

feówerþe-móder

(n.)
Grammar
feówerþe-móder, indecl. in sing; but dat, sing. -méder; pl. nom. acc. -módra; gen. -módra; dat. -módrum; f.

A great-great-grandmother ⬩ ăbăvia

Entry preview:

A great-great-grandmother; ăbăvia, Ælfc. Gl. 91; Som. 75, 13; Wrt. Voc. 51, 58

ge-hild

(n.)
Grammar
ge-hild, a secret place. In Ps. Spl. T. 16, 13 perhaps ge-hídum should be read for gehildum. Cf. ge-hýddum
Entry preview:

abditis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 98, 34: 4, 17

geópan

(v.)
Grammar
geópan, The subject of the riddle is a bow, the poison it first takes in, then spits out, is the arrow.

This might be a link to, a part of or a variant of another entry.

pos

(n.)
Grammar
pos, es; n. : only in pl. (?) posu (-a) [cf. ge-pos] : or (?) <b>posa,</b> an; m.
Entry preview:

A cold, catarrh Posa catarrum, i. angustia pectoris, An. Ox, 31, 1

CYRICE

(n.)
Grammar
CYRICE, cirice, cyrce, circe; gen. an, ean; f: cyric, ciric, in the compound cyric-ǽwe, etc. q. v. cyrc, e; f. circ,

in the compound ⬩ a church, the material structure ⬩ ecclesia ⬩ a heathen temple ⬩ templum paganum

Entry preview:

In ðæare cyrce in the church, 1070; Erl. 209, 40.

Linked entries: cyrce circe cirice

breóst

Grammar
breóst, [The word occurs of all three genders, and can be used in the plural (dual) when a single person is referred to.]

the chest ⬩ thorax ⬩ the stomach ⬩ womb ⬩ a breast ⬩ mamma ⬩ mamilla

Entry preview:

Hú mycel se camp wæs in þæs mannes breóste . . . Seó árfæstnys oferswýðde þone strangan breóst, forðon nǽre se breóst oferfunden, gif hine seó árfæstnes ne oferswýðde, Gr. D. 18, 2-22. Þurh þone hálegan breósð úres fæder, 2, 19.

Linked entry: byled-breóst

tó-bregdan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-bregdan, -brédan; p. -brægd, -brǽd, pl. -brugdon, -brúdon (-brudon ?); pp. -brogden, -bróden (-broden ? in O. and N. tobrode rimes with unsode).

to separate (trans.) by a quick movement, ⬩ to pull to pieces (lit. and fig. ) ⬩ to pull apart ⬩ to separate (intrans.) by a quick movement, ⬩ to break off, ⬩ start from sleep, ⬩ to awake ⬩ to separate by making a quick movement with something

Entry preview:

to separate (trans.) by a quick movement, to pull to pieces (lit. and fig. ) Hú ǽnig mæg gangan in húse stronges and fatu his tóbregdan (diripere), nymþe ǽr gebindaþ se stronge and ðonne hús his tóbrægdeþ (diripiat), Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 12, 29.

help

Grammar
help, hylp (an i-stem noun? Cf. u-grade forms, hulpa, hulfa in O. L. Ger. and O.H.Ger. But cf. also hylpan = helpan):

help ⬩ assistance ⬩ succour ⬩ an aid ⬩ a thing ⬩ a place ⬩ a refuge ⬩ a cure ⬩ remedy of disease

Entry preview:

., the verb having been written in error under the influence of mæg which follows ?) ne mæg eald and infród ǽnige gefremman, B. 2448. Hí æt him helpe gemétton, G. i. 894: El. 1032: Ps. Th. 105, 24: 117, 13.

Linked entry: helpe

swaru

(n.)

swearing, oath,

Entry preview:

Grammar swaru, swer in an-swer. v. and-swaru. [Cf. Icel. svar; n. answer: Dan. svar. Forrhwi ȝho ȝaff swillc sware onnȝæn, Orm. 2422.] swearing, oath, v. áþ-, mán-, mánáþ- (be mánáþsware de perjurio, L. Ecg. C. tit. 34; Th. ii. 130, 24) swaru.

winter

(n.)
Grammar
winter, es; m. (in pl. a neuter form wintru occurs, as well as masculine wintras, winter: the dat. sing. wintra is a trace of earlier u-stem declension).

a season of the year ⬩ winter ⬩ wintry weather ⬩ cold ⬩ a year

Entry preview:

Icel. á vetrardag in the winter) wíde gangeþ on syx nihtum, sigelbeorhtne genimð hærfest mid herige hrímes and snáwes, Menol. Fox 401; Men. 202.

Linked entries: ǽ-wintre-cyning -wintre

swát

(n.)
Grammar
swát, es; n. [The passages in which the gender is marked are doubtful. Ðæt swót.
  • Lchdm. iii. 98, 17,
occurs in a late MS.; ísen swát,
  • ii. 296, 18,
be a compound; ða swát,
  • iii. 72, 28,
may be a mistake for spátl,
  • v. ii. 56, 15.
Dutch has a neuter, German and Scandinavian have masculines.]

sweat, perspiration ⬩ that which exudes like sweat ⬩ that which lies on anything as sweat lies on the skin(?) ⬩ used of other moisture that comes from the body, ⬩ foam ⬩ blood ⬩ sweat that comes from labour, hence labour, toil ⬩ sweat; blood

Entry preview:

sweat, perspiration Seofoðe (the seventh of the constituents from which Adam was made) wæs deáwes pund, ðanon him (Adam ) becom swát, Salm. Kmbl. 180. 15. Suát, Rtl. 192, 17. His swát ( sudor ) wæs swylce blódes dropan, Lk. Skt. 22, 44. Of ealdum cláðum

-es

(suffix)
Grammar
-es, is the termination of adverbs in many cases where the noun is not so formed; as nihtes by night, nightly; nédes

of necessity, necessarily

Entry preview:

of necessity, necessarily

earu

(adj.)
Grammar
earu, In the passage for earne might be read earmne ? or earhne, eargne? timid: <b>earwian</b> = gearwian.

Similar entry: ge-gearwian

fǽringa

(adv.)
Grammar
fǽringa, fǽrincga, fǽrunga, fǽrunge; adv. [fǽr sudden, -inga, -unga adverbial terminations]

Suddenly, quickly, by chance ⬩ sŭbĭto, repente, forte

Entry preview:

Suddenly, quickly, by chance; sŭbĭto, repente, forte Fǽringa hí geteorodon sŭbĭto defēcērunt, Ps. Spl. C. 72, 19. Ðú fǽringa gehogodest sæcce sécean thou suddenly resolvedst to seek conflict, Beo. Th. 3980; B. 1988: Exon. 46 b; Th. 158, 20; Gú. 911:

Linked entries: fǽrunga féringa

EORL

(n.)
Grammar
EORL, es; m. I. an Anglo-Saxon nobleman of high rank, the yarl of the Danes, about the same as an ealdorman. He who was in early times styled ealdorman, was afterwards denominated

an earl ⬩ cŏmes, sătelles princĭpis

Entry preview:

This title, which was introduced by the Jutes of Kent, occurs frequently in the laws of the kings of that district, the first mention of it being Gif on eorles túne man mannan ofslæhþ xii scillinga gebéte if a man slay a man in an earl's town, let him

Linked entries: ealdor-man eorl-dóm

firnum

(adv.)
Grammar
firnum, fyrnum; adv. [dat. or inst. pl. of firen a sin, crime]

Fearfully ⬩ intensely ⬩ formīdŏlōse ⬩ immānĭter

Entry preview:

Fearfully, intensely; formīdŏlōse, immānĭter Nǽre firnum ðæs deóp merestreám the sea-stream would not be so fearfully deep, Cd. 39; Th. 51, 26; Gen. 832

Linked entry: fyrnum

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