Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

hæring

(n.)
Grammar
hæring, es; m.

A herring

Entry preview:

Voc. 77, 62. xxx þúsenda hæryngys ǽlce eáre 30 thousand herrings every year, Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. iv. 172, 3

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

fór-neáh

(adv.)
Grammar
fór-neáh, fór-neán; adv.

Very nearly ⬩ nigh ⬩ nearly ⬩ almost ⬩ about ⬩ prŏpe ⬩ fĕre ⬩ pæne ⬩ paulo mĭnus ⬩ circĭter

Entry preview:

Fórneán þreó þusend circĭter tria millia, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 47, 42, 43

endleofan

Entry preview:

Endleofan síþum hundteóntig þúsenda, Bl. H. 79, 19. substantival Hig cýddon eall þis þám endlufenum (-leof-, v. l.; ællefnum, L. R.), Lk. 24, 9. Hig gemétton endlufan (-leofen, v. l.; ællefno,L., ællefne, R.) gegaderude, 33

eóred

Entry preview:

cf. eóred-mann, ¶: Twá þúsenda horsa and cccc. búton þǽm eóreda and xx. þúsenda féþena (the Latin which this should translate is: Quadringente quadrige equorum omnes falcate . bige ii mille . ducente equitum turme .xx milia peditum.

eóred-mann

Entry preview:

cf. eóred, ¶: Sixténe þúsend monna and eahta hund eóredmanna ealle mid heregeatwum gegerede xvi milia equitum, octingente quadrige, omnes falcate, Nar. 4, 13. Add

fremfulnes

beneficence ⬩ benignity ⬩ action that profits another ⬩ usefulness ⬩ beneficial operation

Entry preview:

Ic sille eówrum ceasterwarum hundteóntig þusenda mitta hwǽtes ... Ic gelífe ꝥ gé willan beón gemindige þissere fremfulnesse, Ap. Th. 9, 25, Hé behét þám þe hine funden micelne wurðscipe and fremfulnesse Hml.

múl

Entry preview:

Wæs þridde healf þúsend múla ðe þá seámas wǽgon . . . wæs unrím getæl eác þon on horsum and on múlum, Nar. 9, 9-14. ¶ for múl in local names see C. D. vi. 316. Add

hold

(n.)
Grammar
hold, es; m.
Entry preview:

Holdes and cyninges heáhgeréfan wergild iiii þúsend þrymsa, L. Wg. 4; Th. i. 186, 8.

Linked entries: a-hold holde

hund

Entry preview:

Hé hæfde án hund þúsenda gehorsedra, Ors. 3, 9; S. 124, 34: B. 2994. Þæt wæs nigon x hund þúsenda decies navies centena millia virorum, Ors. 2, 5; S. 84, 29. Þreóm hundum sciłł. gylde se ágend, Ll. Th. i. 26, 9.

tellan

Grammar
tellan, <b>. II.</b>
Entry preview:

In l. 4, col. 2, after hwíle insert: wiþ tén þúsend wintra, and add Tell þú swá fela daga, Angl. viii. 325, 8: 327, 9. <b>III a.

mitta

Entry preview:

'Ic sille eów hundteóntig þúsenda mittan hwǽtes". . . Hig worhton him áne anlícnesse þe . . . mid ðáre swíðran hand þone hwǽte hlód and mid þám winstran fét þá mittan træd, Ap. Th. 10, 1-13. Add

scytta

(n.)
Grammar
scytta, an; m.

A shooter ⬩ an archer

Entry preview:

Wǽron on his fyrdinge twelf þúsenda scyttena, Homl. As. 104, 55

Linked entries: scota scytere

míl

(n.)
Grammar
míl, e; míle(?), an; f.

A mile

Entry preview:

Hund þúsenda míla, Cd. 229; Th, 310, 9; Sat. 724. Ehta hund míla lang, Bd. 1, 1; S. 473, 11. On nygan mílum, 4, 27; S. 603, 30

forþ-gán

(v.)
Grammar
forþ-gán, p. -eóde, pl. -eódon; pp. -gán

To go forth ⬩ proceed ⬩ go or pass by ⬩ exīre ⬩ procēdĕre ⬩ prætĕrīre ⬩ transīre

Entry preview:

Þúsend gear beforan eágan ðínum, swá swá dæg estra [ = giestra] se forþgǽþ mille anni ante ŏcŭlos tuos tanquam dies hesterna quæ prætĕriit, Ps. Spl. 89, 4.

ge-ánlǽcan

(v.)

to unite ⬩ unite ⬩ To join together ⬩ to get together, collect, assemble

Entry preview:

Voc. ii. 134, II. to get together, collect, assemble Geánlǽhte Lisias fíf and sixtig þúsenda fyrdendra þegena, Hml. S. 25, 362

fore-weard

(n.)
Grammar
fore-weard, e; f.
Entry preview:

[Þá þreó þúsend marc þe him seó cyng be foreweard ǽlce geáre gifan sceolde, 1103; P. 238, 24. Tó ꝥ forewearde ꝥ æfter his dæi scolde ꝥ land in tó þe minstre, 852; P. 65, 22.] Dele ', an ', and add:

Linked entries: on-foreweardan fór-weard

féþa

a footman ⬩ a foot-soldier ⬩ troops ⬩ infantry

Entry preview:

Srt. ii. p. 187, 16. of soldiers. a foot-soldier (perhaps some of the passages might be put under 2) Hé hæfde III C þúsenda féðena and án hund þúsenda gehorsedra, Ors. 3, 9; S. 124, 34: Nar. 9, 9.

orf

(n.)
Grammar
orf, es; n.

Cattle, live stock

Entry preview:

Hí námon eall ðet orf ðe hí mihton tó cuman, ðæt wæs fela þúsend, Chr. 1064; Erl. 196, 5. Drífaþ hider eówre orf adducite pecora vestra, Gen. 47, 16

hird-ness

watchful care ⬩ taking charge ⬩ taking care ⬩ a watch ⬩ guard ⬩ a watch

Entry preview:

Ben. 21, 11. a watch, period during which watch is kept: -þúsend geára ... swá swá heordnes (custodia) on nihte, Ps. Rdr. 89, 4.

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