Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

be-beorgan

to ward off something ⬩ to guard one's self against ⬩ to save one's self ⬩ to guard one's self (acc.) against (wiþ) something

Entry preview:

Hé bebearh him hí and warnode hine wiþ hí swá swá wið þone ealdan feónd eam quasi hostem cavens, Gr. D. 276, 2. Þá wítu þe hí him sylfum beburgon supplicia quae evaserunt, 335, 21. Bebeorh þé þone bealoníð, B. 1758. Ꝥ hí him ꝥ wíte bebeorgen, Gr.

B

Grammar
B, THE sound of b is produced by the lips; hence it is called a labial consonant, and has the same sound in Anglo-Saxon as in English. In all languages, and especially in the dialects of cognate languages, the letters employing the same organs of utterance are continually interchanged. In Anglo-Saxon, therefore, we find that b interchanges with the other labials, f and
Entry preview:

In comparing the Anglo-Saxon aspirated labial f with the corresponding letter in Old Saxon, the sister dialect, we find that the Old Saxons used a softer aspirated labial ƀ = bh.

ge-píled

(adj.)
Grammar
ge-píled, adj.
Entry preview:

Provided with spikes 'Æteówiað his gesihðum eal þæt wíta tól.' Þá wurdon forð áborene ísene clútas . . . and leádene swipa and óðre gepílede swipa, Hml. Th. i. 424, 20. Mid gepíledum swipun swingende, 426, 22: 432, 14

be-wǽlan

(v.)
Grammar
be-wǽlan, p. de; pp. ed

To afflict ⬩ undique vexare, affligere, cruciare

Entry preview:

To afflict; undique vexare, affligere, cruciare Wítum bewǽled afflicted with torments, Andr. Kmbl. 2721; An. 1363

un-gefrédelíce

(adv.)
Grammar
un-gefrédelíce, adv.

With insensibility ⬩ callously

Entry preview:

With insensibility, callously Hié beóð tó ðreágeanne and tó swinganne mid swá micle máran wíte suá hié ungefrédelícor beóð áheardode on hiera unðeáwum tanto acriori invectione feriendi sunt, quanto majori insensibilitate duruerunt, Past. 37; Swt. 265

Linked entry: ge-frédelíce

ge-scyldigian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-scyldigian, -scyldegian; p. ode; pp. od

To prove guilty, charge with guilt, deserve punishment in consequence of guilt

Entry preview:

To prove guilty, charge with guilt, deserve punishment in consequence of guilt Ðæt híg hine gescyldegodon ut caperent eum in sermone, Lk. Bos. 20, 20. Þurh ðæt gescildgade wíte per debitam pænam, Bd. 3, 19: S. 548, 30

ge-myþe

(n.)
Grammar
ge-myþe, es; n. [Theform and gender of the word are not quite certain. A dat. sing. fem, occurs once, but it is in a rather late charter with corrupt forms; all other instances are in dat. pl. Corresponding forms in other languages are neuter, so probably the English.]
Entry preview:

A mouth of a river, valley, opening of one road into another, of an enclosure. where one stream joins another Of Temede gemýðan; andlang Temede in wynnabæces gemýðan . . . in Temede múðan (cf. of Temede streáme in wynnabæce . . . in Temede streám, 386

ÁN

(n.; num.; adj.; pronoun.)

ONE ⬩ unus ⬩ una ⬩ unum ⬩ alone ⬩ only ⬩ sole ⬩ another ⬩ solus ⬩ alius ⬩ sole ⬩ alone of its kind ⬩ singular ⬩ unique ⬩ without an equal ⬩ unicus ⬩ eximius ⬩ a certain one ⬩ some one ⬩ quidam ⬩ a ⬩ an ⬩ a ⬩ an ⬩ each ⬩ every one ⬩ all ⬩ unus-quisque ⬩ una-quæque ⬩ unum-quodque ⬩ One ⬩ other

Entry preview:

ðam, ðære, ðam ánan to the one: acc. ðone, ða ánan, ðæt án the one: instr. m. n. ðý ánan; f. ðære, ánan with the one; adj.

Linked entries: ǽn ain án ána án-for-lǽtan ánga án-ne ánra ánra-gehwá feáwa for án

twi-hynde

(adj.)
Grammar
twi-hynde, adj. As applied to a person, of a rank for which the wergild was two hundred shillings; applied to the wergild, that must be paid for a person of such rank. As will be seen from the passages given below, the twihynde man was a
Entry preview:

Twyhyndes mannes wer is twá hund sciłł. ( the article then deals with the case of the former, and concludes: Eal man sceal æt cyrliscum were be ðære mǽðe dón, ðe him tó gebyreþ, swá wé be twelfhyndum tealdan.

lystan

Entry preview:

with dat. infin.

wríd

(n.)
Grammar
wríd,
Similar entries
(cf. 'A ride of hazle or such like wood, is a whole plump of spriggs or frith growing out of the same root,' E. D. S. Pub. Old Farming Words, no. III. Here is an heelful thing, a wonder wride (rimes with abyde), Pall. 51, 207),
es; m.

A shoot ⬩ stalk ⬩ plant ⬩ bush

Entry preview:

A shoot, stalk, plant, bush Uurýd culmus, Txts. 52, 252. Genim æscþrote ǽnne wríd, Lchdm. i. 216, 11. Genim ðysse wyrte wríd, 224, 1. Bedelf ǽnne wríd cileþenigin moran, iii. 38, 9

Linked entry: hæsel-wrid

hefige

(adv.)
Grammar
hefige, adv.

Heavily ⬩ grievously ⬩ with difficulty ⬩ hardly

Entry preview:

Heavily, grievously, with difficulty, hardly Ðæs wíte eft on eówre handa hefige geeode for that punishment came upon you heavily, Ps. Th. 57, 2. Hefia vix, Lk. Skt. Lind. 9, 39.

ge-betron

(adj.)
Entry preview:

Preóstas . . . mid heora modes gebetron (with the superior condition of their mind? Cf. betera as substantive ?) witon wel hwæt byð lamentum, Angl. viii. 313, 12

Linked entry: betera

hǽman

(v.)
Grammar
hǽman, p. de; pp. ed

To lie with, have intercourse with, to marry ⬩ concumbere, coire, nubere

Entry preview:

To lie with, have intercourse with, to marry; concumbere, coire, nubere Wit wǽron swíðe unróte geworden for ðý hǽmede ðe wé wéndon ðæt wit hǽman sceoldon we became very sad on account of the intercourse that we expected we should be obliged to have,

háw

(n.; suffix)
Grammar
háw, Kemble says, ' In all probability, a look out, or prospect'; Middendorff compares the word with -hau in German place-names, and takes it to mean a clearing, a place where trees are cut down (cf. heáwan). But perhaps in the one passage where the word occurs
Entry preview:

hlawe should be read Haec sunt supradictarum uocabula terrarum, aet Uuineshauue (cf. scuccanhlau, 196, 1), C. D. i. 195, 30

be-lecgan

(v.)
Grammar
be-lecgan, bi-lecgan; p. -legde, -léde pl. -legdon; pp. -legd, -léd; v. a.

To lay or impose upon ⬩ cover ⬩ invest ⬩ load ⬩ afflict ⬩ charge ⬩ accuse ⬩ imponere ⬩ afficere ⬩ onerare ⬩ accusare

Entry preview:

Hí ðé wítum belecgaþ they afflict thee with torments 2424; An. 1213. Gyf man sacerd belecge mid tyhtlan and mid uncræftum if one charges a priest with an accusation and with evil practices L. C. E. 5; Th. i. 362, 8, 19, 21.

Linked entry: bi-lecgan

ge-myntan

Entry preview:

Heom þá wítu gemynte wǽron, Hml. S. 23, 112. with prep, tó Þ hé gemente tó Abrahame quod disposuit ad Abraham, Ps. L. 104, 9. to destine a person to (tó) a condition, fate, & c.

be-wendan

(v.)

round

Entry preview:

Hine bewendan fram wíte tó wite, Hml. S. 37, 180. to turn the face to or from an object, reflexive þ á bewende Nero hine tó Paulum, Hml. Th. i. 378, 8. intrans.

-metod

(suffix)
Grammar
-metod, [In the phrase se metoda drihten, metoda is not a gen. pl., as suggested in Dict., but either a wk. noun or adjective, as will be seen from the following examples
Entry preview:

Micel mildheortnys þæs metodan Dryhtnes, Hml. Th. ii. 316, 21. Menigfealde beóð þæs metodan Drihtnes egsan and swingla ofer scyldigum mannum, 328, 32 (both passages are alliterative).] Add: :-- Se metod eallra gesceafta (cf. se milda metod. Met. 29, 68

un-eáðelíce

(adv.)
Grammar
un-eáðelíce, adv.

with difficulty ⬩ with trouble or inconvenience ⬩ under difficulties

Entry preview:

with difficulty Mid ðý wit ðæt unéþelíce ðurhtugan ðæt hé ðæs geþafa beón wolde cum hoc difficulter impetraremus, Bd. 5, 4; S. 617, 17.

Copyright

All the data provided here are free for any purpose. If you use the data for academic purposes, we ask that you kindly cite us as your source. In case you need a large portion of the dictionary data or you need it in a specific format, let us know through the contact form, we are happy to do custom database dumps for researchers.

How to cite

You can cite the entries of the online version of the dictionary, or you can cite the scanned pages of the original paper editions.

  • To cite the online version of the dictionary, click the icon right under the entry.
  • To cite the scanned paper version of the dictionary, click the "show/hide this scanned page" link under the entry, check the scan and use the citation information right above it.