Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

a-gǽlan

(v.)
Grammar
a-gǽlan, p. de; pp. ed.

To hinder ⬩ occupy ⬩ detain ⬩ delay ⬩ neglect ⬩ impedire ⬩ retardare ⬩ morari ⬩ negligere ⬩ To hesitate ⬩ be careless ⬩ cunctari ⬩ indili-gens esse

Entry preview:

To hesitate, be careless; cunctari, indili-gens esse He wihte ne agǽlde ðæs ðe þearf wæs þeódcyninges he was not careless about anything that was needful for the king, Chr. 1066; Th. 335, 15. col. 1; Edv. 33

Linked entry: a-gálan

un-fǽle

(adj.)
Grammar
un-fǽle, adj.

Evil ⬩ ill ⬩ bad

Entry preview:

Satiri vel fauni vel selini vel fauni ficarii unfǽle men, wudewásan, unfǽle wihtu, Wrt. Voc, i. 17, 20. Unfǽle men satyri vel fauni, wudewásan ficarii vel invii, 60, 23-4. [Gif þe unfele man his wille folgeð, and teð him to unwrenches, O. E.

un-dirne

(adj.)
Grammar
un-dirne, -dierne, -dyrne; adj.

Not hidden ⬩ discovered ⬩ revealed ⬩ manifest

Entry preview:

Nú is undyrne werum, hú ða wihte hátne sindon, 429, 19; Rä. 43, 15. Ic wordum wemde wyrd undyrne, Andr. Kmbl. 2959; An. 1482.

Linked entries: dirne un-derne un-dyrne

clǽnsian

(v.)
Grammar
clǽnsian, clénsian, to clǽnsianne; clǽnsiende; ode, ade; od, ad [clǽne clean, pure]

To CLEANSE, purify, chasten, clear oneself ⬩ mundare, purgare, castigare, se liberare

Entry preview:

Wih. 18; Th. i. 40, 14, 16: 19; Th. i. 40, 17: 20; Th. i. 40, 19: L. Eth. ii. 8; Th. i. 288, 19: ii. 9; Th. i. 290, 10. Hine geréfa clénsie let the reeve clear him, L. Wih. 22; Th. i. 42, 4

Linked entries: be-clǽnsian clǽnsnian clǽsnian clénsian

ge-hygd

(n.)
Grammar
ge-hygd, -higd, -hýd, e; f : es; n.

Thought ⬩ cogitation ⬩ meditation ⬩ deliberation ⬩ consultation ⬩ cōgĭtātio ⬩ mĕdĭtātio ⬩ consĭlium

Entry preview:

Ne biþ ðǽr wiht forholen monna gehygda there shall be naught of men's cogitations concealed, Exon. 23 b; Th. 65, 15; Cri. 1055. On sefan gehygdum in the mind's thoughts, 39 b; Th. 130, 27; Gú. 444 : 81 a; Th. 305, 14; Fä. 88.

Linked entries: -hygd ge-higd ge-hýd

on-sittan

(v.)

to occupy ⬩ to oppress (cf. colloquial to sit on a person) ⬩ to fear (taking like ondrǽdan a reflexive dative)

Entry preview:

Hé álýseþ þearfan ðæt him se welega ne mæg wiht onsittan liberavit pauperem a potente, Ps. Th. 71, 12. (with a different prefix, cf. O. H.

spówan

(v.)
Grammar
spówan, speów

To succeed. ⬩ to be successful ⬩ it succeeds with a person (dat.)

Entry preview:

Him wiht ne speów, Judth. Thw. 25, 23; Jud. 274: Beo. Th. 5701; B. 2854. Gesæh Pilatus ðæt him náuwiht speóu (spéua, Lind.) videns Pilatus quia nihil proficeret Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 27, 24. Him speówhwónlíce.Homl. Skt. i. 7, 94.

wǽge

(n.)
Grammar
wǽge, (see also wǽg), an; f.

a weight ⬩ a wey ⬩ an implement for weighing ⬩ a balance ⬩ scale

Entry preview:

Ǽlc ðæra ðinga ðe man wihð on wǽgan, Ælfc. Gr. 13; Zup. 84, 3. Áwegene on ánre wǽgan, Homl. Th. ii. 454, 23: 436, 12. On wǽgum (wégum, Ps. Surt. Spl.) in stateris, Ps. Lamb. 61, 10

Linked entries: wége wégi

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
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the, vide Þ, þ. The indigenous Pagan alphabet of our Anglo-Saxon forefathers, called Runes, it must be particularly observed, not only represents our letters, but the names of the letters are significant. The Runes are chiefly formed by straight lines

Q

Grammar
Q, This letter occurs but seldom in Anglo-Saxon; in those native words where qu is now found, e. g. quick, quoth, cw or cu was written, cwic, cuic, cwæþ, cuæþ. In the glossary (belonging to the eighth century) given in Wrt. Voc. ii. 98 sqq. are six instances of words beginning with qu, and four others occur in the same volume; in the Blickling Gloss the form quémde glosses complacebam, and the foreign word
Entry preview:

reliquias retained its original form

-tig

(suffix)
Grammar
-tig, -ty, a numeral suffix in words denoting the decades; up to 60 such words are formed with a suffix only, from 60 to 120 hund is prefixed and tig suffixed, hund-seofon-tig, hund-twelf-tig. Other dialects make a distinction in the numerals at the same point. Gothic uses tigus (pl. tigjus) in the earlier, -téhund in the later, O. Saxon -tig in the earlier, while 70 is given by ant-siƀunta; in
Entry preview:

O. H. Ger. the two forms are -zug and -zó. In O. Frs. and Icel. the same forms are used throughout. Tig is another form of the root seen in ten (tehan, g for h according to Verner's Law)

hearga

(n.)
Grammar
hearga, an; m.

a grove ⬩ a temple ⬩ fane ⬩ an idol

Entry preview:

[For pl. hearga; f. substitute: a place sacred to a god, with an idol and an altar. a grove Hearga lucum (the word occurs among glosses to Aldhelm between one on Ald. 50, 25 and another on 50, 27: in the text between these lucum does not occur), Wrt.

forhtian

(v.)
Grammar
forhtian, forhtigan, forhtigean, forhtegean; to forhtianne; part. forhtiende, forhtigende; p. ode, ede; pp. od, ed [forht affrighted, and the terminations -an, -anne, -gan] .

To be afraid or frightened ⬩ tremble ⬩ păvēre ⬩ trĕmĕre ⬩ trĕpĭdāre ⬩ formīdāre ⬩ To fear ⬩ be frightened at ⬩ dread ⬩ tĭmēre

Entry preview:

To fear, be frightened at, dread; tĭmēre Ic ne forhtige wiht I fear nothing, Ps. Th. 61, 2: 54, 2. Ne forhtast ðú on dǽge flán on lyfte non tĭmēbis a săgitta vŏlante in die, 90, 6. Ðe Drihten forhtaþ qui tĭmet Dŏmĭnum, 127, 5: 60, 4.

Linked entries: frohtian ge-frohtian

ge-nip

Entry preview:

Ne se móna næfð nánre mihte wiht ꝥ hé þǽre nihte genipu mæge fleógan pallida nocturnam nec praestat luna lucernam, Dóm. L. 110.

Babilón

(n.)
Grammar
Babilón, e; f: Babilónie, Babilónige, an; f: Babilón, Babylón, es; f. [v. wim-man, es; f.]Babylon; Baby̆lōn, ōnis; f.
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This celebrated city of antiquity, in Mesopotamia, was built on both banks of the Euphrates. Its foundation by Nimrod is mentioned immediately after the Deluge, Gen. 10, 9, 10: 11, 9 Nimrod [MS. Membrað], se ent, ongan ǽrest timbrian Babilónia; and Ninus

Linked entries: Babilónia Babilónie Babilónige Babilónis Babylón

eardian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Seó mégð þe nú eardaþ on Wiht, Chr. 449; P. 13, 18. On þǽm mórum eardiað Finnas (cf. the word used for less permanent dwelling On feáwum stówum styccemǽlum wíciað Finnas, 17, 5), Ors. 1, 1; S. 18, 28.

sæc

(n.)
Grammar
sæc, sæcc, e; f.

Strife, contest, conflict

Entry preview:

Nó hé him ðam sæcce ondréd, ne him ðæs wyrmes wíg for wiht dyde, 4684; B. 2347. Sæcce fremman to fight, 4991; B. 2499 : Exon. Th. 496, 28; Rä. 85, 21. Hí hæfdon sæcce gesóhte, sceolde sweordes ecg feorh ácsigan, Andr. Kmbl. 2265; An. 1134.

Linked entry: sæccan

hlinian

(v.)
Grammar
hlinian, hleonian; p. ode

To lean, ⬩ bend, ⬩ lie down, ⬩ recline, ⬩ rest

Entry preview:

Ne ðǽr hleonaþ unsméðes wiht nor does aught unsmooth rest there, Exod. 56 a; Th. 199, 14; Ph. 25. Ða ðe him godes egsa hleonaþ ofer heáfdum those on whose heads rests the fear of God, 33 b; Th. 106, 20; Gú. 44.

Linked entries: a-hlinian hleonian

weall

(n.)
Grammar
weall, es; m.

a wall that is made, ⬩ wall of a building, of a town, ⬩ side of a cave ⬩ a natural wall ⬩ a steep hill ⬩ a cliff.

Entry preview:

Ic wiht (a rake) geseah, seó wǽþeþ geond weallas ( among the hills (?)), wyrte séceþ, Exon. Th. 416, 27; Rä. 35, 5

Linked entries: æt-foran-weall wala weal weall-clif weall-steáp

ETAN

(v.)
Grammar
ETAN, to etanne; part. etende; ic ete, ðú etest, etst, itst, ytst, ætst, he, heó, hit, yt, ytt, et, ett, eteþ, ieteþ, iteþ, yteþ, pl. etaþ; p. ic, he æt, ðú ǽte, pl. ǽton; subj. indef. ic ete, æte, pl. eten; p. ǽte, pl. ǽten; pp. eten; v.a.

EAT, consume, devour ⬩ ĕdĕre, cŏmĕdĕre, mandūcāre, vescĕre

Entry preview:

Ne wiht iteþ nor eats a thing [creature ], 114 b; Th. 439, 28; Rä. 59, 10. Gé etaþ ye eat, Gen. 3, 5. Ðú- ǽte of ðam treówe thou hast eaten of the tree; cŏmēdisti de ligno. Gen. 3, 17. He æt ða offring-hláfas pānes prōpŏsĭtiōnis cŏmēdit, Mt.

Linked entries: æt ǽt ǽton ǽtten eotendan

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