Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

for-beódan

(v.)

to forbid ⬩ to restrain ⬩ check ⬩ to prevent

Entry preview:

Wénst þú þæt se anwald ne meahte Godes. . . him his yfeles gestióran?

hyrstan

(v.)
Grammar
hyrstan, hierstan; p. te; pp. ed

To fry ⬩ roast

Entry preview:

Hé hine hét áþenian on írenum bedde and hine cwicne hirstan and brǽdan and swá hine mon má hirste swá wæs hé fægera on ondwlitan he ordered him to be stretched on an iron bed and roasted alive; and the more he was roasted the fairer was his face, Shrn

freónd-lár

(n.)
Grammar
freónd-lár, e; f. [lár instruction]

Friendly instruction ⬩ fămĭliāris instructio

Entry preview:

Friendly instruction; fămĭliāris instructio He hine on folce freóndlárum heóld he maintained him among his people with friendly instructions, Beo. Th. 4744; B. 2377

for-bítan

(v.)
Grammar
for-bítan, p. -bát
Entry preview:

To bite to pieces, destroy by biting Áhleóp án leó and hió swengde on hine and forbát him þone sweoran, Hml. A. 206, 391

þeód-lícettere

(n.)
Grammar
þeód-lícettere, es; m.

An arch-hypocrite

Entry preview:

An arch-hypocrite Se þeódlícetere (Antichrist) hit gehíwaþ swá ðæt læst manna wát, hú hé him wið ðone ðeódfeónd gescyldan sceal, Wulfst. 54, 18

seht

(adj.)
Grammar
seht, adj.

In agreement about the terms of a settlement ⬩ agreed

Entry preview:

Hí him ðæs gætíðodon wið swylcon gersumen swylce hí ðá sehtæ wǽron such as they were then agreed upon, 198, 16. Hí wurdon sehte on ða gerád ðæt . . ., Chr. 1093; Erl. 229, 25.

þrútian

(v.)
Grammar
þrútian, p. ode

To swell with pride or anger

Entry preview:

To swell with pride or anger Hé ásende his swurdboran, Riggo geháten, gescrýdne mid his cynelícum gyrelum, swilce hé hit sylf wǽre.

Linked entry: á-þrúten

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

mæssian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Take here mæssian, placed wrongly in Dict. after mæsse-hrægel, and add Sé pápa mid his ágenum handum him his pallium on sette . . . and hé syððan mid þám pallium þǽr mæssode (mæssan sang, v.l.), swá se pápa him gewissode, Chr. 1022; P. 157, l.

á-rétan

Grammar
á-rétan, Dele 'set right' (in last two passages á-rétan = to comfort),
Entry preview:

and add Hé hæfde his wíf mid him þe hine árétte, þeáh hé his bearna þolode, Hml. S. 30, 204. On þǽm sealme hé wæs cleopiende tó Drihtne, wilnode þæt hé hine árétte, Ps. Th. 27, arg. Be eallum þám þe gebrocode wǽron and eft árétte, 28, arg

ofer-wlenced

(adj.; part.)

possessed of superabundant means, very opulent

Entry preview:

possessed of superabundant means, very opulent Hié andwyrdon ðæt hit gemálíc wǽre ðæt swá oferwlenced cyning sceolde winnan on swá earm folc swá hié wǽron responderunt, stolide opulentissimum regem adversus inopes sumsisse bellum, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 44

sellan

(v.)
Grammar
sellan, sillan, sylian; p. salde, sealde; pp. sald, seald

To give something (acc.) to somebody (dat.) ⬩ to put into the possession of a person ⬩ transfer ownership from one to another ⬩ to give what one is bound to give ⬩ to pay tribute ⬩ offer ⬩ dedicate to God ⬩ to give ⬩ furnish or supply with food, medicine, poison, etc ⬩ to give one thing for another ⬩ to sell for ⬩ a price ⬩ to sell at ⬩ a price ⬩ to sell ⬩ to give in payment ⬩ to give into the keeping of ⬩ hand over ⬩ deliver ⬩ commit ⬩ entrust ⬩ to give a woman to be a man's wife ⬩ to give over to a hostile power ⬩ deliver up to ⬩ to deliver wrongfully ⬩ to betray ⬩ to give up ⬩ yield up ⬩ to give forth ⬩ produce ⬩ be the source of ⬩ to give light ⬩ emit sound ⬩ to give an answer ⬩ a pledge ⬩ a promise ⬩ to give leave ⬩ consent ⬩ forgiveness ⬩ to give help, pain, peace, victory, etc ⬩ to give punishment, reward ⬩ to give ⬩ endow with a capacity, life, sight, understanding, etc ⬩ to give one's heart to a person

Entry preview:

Hé hire sáule sealde Sarcte Michahele, 147, 13. Hé sealde his sweord ombihtþegne, Beo. Th. 1349; B. 672. Hié sealdon ánum unwísum þegne Miercna ríce tó haldanne, and hé him gíslas salde, Chr. 874; Erl. 76, 26-28.

Linked entries: a-sellan feoh syllan seald sillan

ge-gán

Entry preview:

Hí síð drugon, geeódon tó þæs þe eorla hleó . . . gefrúnon hringas dǽlan, 1967. Hí forð onetton, oð hié gegán hæfdon tó þám wealgeate, Jud. 140: 219. Hié tógædre gegánhæfdon, B. 2630.

weorold-þeówdóm

(n.)
Grammar
weorold-þeówdóm, es; m.
Entry preview:

Secular service Hí hit freódon wið ealle weoruldþeúdóm, Chr. 963; Erl. 121, 31.] [

mǽg-wlite

Entry preview:

Hié oncneówon Crístes róde mǽre tácen on his mǽgwlite (cf. hié gesáwon Cristes róde tácen on his onsiéne. Bl. H. 243, 13), An. 1340. Add

nídinga

Entry preview:

Nú ðæt ðæt hié lyst hí sculon néde[n]ga forlǽtan, and ðeáh ðæt hí nú nédenga forlǽtað him bið eft tó wíte gehealden nunc, quod libet, invitis subtrahitur, et tunc, quod dolet, invitis in supplicium reservatur, 441, 22-24.

ge-þencan

Entry preview:

Add: to think, deliberate, take counsel or thought Huælc geðences ( cogitans ) mæge atéce tó lícnesse his elne énne?, Mt. L. 6, 27. Hiá geðóhtun betuih him, Mt. L. 21, 25: Mk. L. R. 8, 16.

be-hindan

(prep.; adv.)
Entry preview:

Behindan him sylfum tǽlan, Bl. H. 65, l. Hé þǽr wunode behindan óþrum mannum, Gr. D. 278, 21. Ðeáh hí sín behindan ðǽm ðe lǽssan hádes bióð, Past. 411, 23. with acc. Ðeáh hé dó God behindan hine, Past. 373, I. Gong bi-hionda mec uade retro me, Mk.

wítan

(v.)
Grammar
wítan, p. wát, pl. witon; pp. witen.

to see to ⬩ take heed to ⬩ guard ⬩ keep ⬩ to lay t ⬩ charge ⬩ lay the blame of ⬩ impute ⬩ to go ⬩ depart

Entry preview:

MS.), ǽr ic hit eów wite. Hit is gód ðæt gé hit nú wiétun (wíton, Hatt. MS.), Past. 31 ; Swt. 206, 19. Æfter ðæm ðe him swá oftrædlíce mislamp, hié angunnan hit wítan heora látteówum and heora cempum heora earfeþa, Ors. 4, 4 ; Swt. 164, 25 : Cd.

Linked entry: ge-wítan

INN

(n.)
Grammar
INN, es; n.

A dwelling ⬩ house ⬩ chamber ⬩ lodging

Entry preview:

Ðá hé tó his inne com hé hine ǽnne ðǽr inne beleác and hine sylfne ofslóh when he came to his house, he shut himself in alone, and slew himself, Ors. 4, 5 ; Bos. 81, 39 : Homl. Th. ii. 490, 10.

Linked entry: in

Copyright

All the data provided here are free for any purpose. If you use the data for academic purposes, we ask that you kindly cite us as your source. In case you need a large portion of the dictionary data or you need it in a specific format, let us know through the contact form, we are happy to do custom database dumps for researchers.

How to cite

You can cite the entries of the online version of the dictionary, or you can cite the scanned pages of the original paper editions.

  • To cite the online version of the dictionary, click the icon right under the entry.
  • To cite the scanned paper version of the dictionary, click the "show/hide this scanned page" link under the entry, check the scan and use the citation information right above it.