Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

CRÁWAN

(v.)
Grammar
CRÁWAN, ic cráwe, ðú cráwest, crǽwst, he cráweþ, crǽwþ; p. creów, pl. creówon; pp. cráwen

To CROW as a cock ⬩ cantare instar galli

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To CROW as a cock; cantare instar galli Ne crǽwþ se hana to-dæg non cantabit hodie gallus, Lk. Bos. 22, 34. Ne crǽwþ se cocc, ǽr ðú wiðsæcst me þríwa. Jn. Bos. 13, 38; the koc schal not crowe, til thou schalt denye me thries, Wyc. Ǽrðamðe cocc cráwe,

CWELLAN

(v.)
Grammar
CWELLAN, ic cwelle, ðú cwelest, cwelst, he cweleþ, cwelþ, pl. cwellaþ; p. cwealde , pl. cwealdon; pp. cwelled, cweled, cweald ; v. a.

To kill, slay = QUELL? ⬩ necare, trucidare, occidere, mactare

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Hí stearcferþe cwellan þohtun the stern of mind resolved to slay her, Exon. 75a; Th. 280. 31; Jul. 637. Ðú Grendel cwealdest thou didst slay Grendel, Beo. Th. 2673; B. 1334 .

Linked entries: cwoellan cuellan

a-belgan

(v.)
Grammar
a-belgan, ic -beige, ðú -bilgst, -bilhst, he -bylgþ, -bilhþ, pl. -belgaþ; p. -bealg, -bealh, pl. -bulgon; pp. -bolgen, v. trans. [a, belgan to irritate]

To cause any one to swell with anger ⬩ to anger ⬩ irritate ⬩ vex ⬩ incense ⬩ ira aliquem tumefacere ⬩ irritare ⬩ exasperare ⬩ incendere

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He him abolgen wurþeþ he will be incensed against them, Cd. 22 ; Th. 28, 4; Gen. 430. Wæs swýðe abolgen erat graviter offensus, Bd. 3, 7; S. 530, 8

ge-swícan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-swícan, ic -swíce, ðú -swícest, -swícst, he -swíceþ. -swícþ, pl. -swícaþ; p. -swác, pl. -swicon; pp. -swicen

To leave off ⬩ desist ⬩ stop ⬩ cease ⬩ rest from ⬩ turn from ⬩ withdraw ⬩ relinquish ⬩ fail ⬩ deceive ⬩ betray ⬩ intermittere ⬩ desistere ⬩ cessare ⬩ quiescere ⬩ requiescere ⬩ deserere ⬩ discedere ⬩ relinquere ⬩ deficere ⬩ fallere ⬩ prodere ⬩ with the genitive ⬩ with the dative

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Hí nǽfre heora yfeles geswicon they never ceased from their evil, Chr. 1001; Erl. 137, 20. He geswác hys weorces he rested from his work, Gen. 2, 3. Gé hellfirena sweartra geswícaþ ye turn from black hell-crimes. Exon. 98 a; Th. 366, 4; Reb. 7.

GANGAN

(v.)
Grammar
GANGAN, gongan, gancgan; part. gangende, gongende; ic gange, gonge, ðú gangest, gongest, he gangeþ, gongeþ, pl. gangaþ, gongaþ; p. geóng, gióng, giéng, géng, pl. geóngon, gióngon, giéngon, géngon; imp. gang, gong; pp. gangen, gongen

To go ⬩ walk ⬩ turn out ⬩ īre ⬩ meāre ⬩ vādĕre ⬩ ambŭlāre ⬩ ingrĕdi ⬩ tendĕre ⬩ evĕnīre

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He heonon gangeþ [gangaþ MS.] he goes from hence, Andr. Kmbl. 1782; An. 893. He of worulde gangende wæs he was going from the world, Bd. 4, 24; S. 598, 30.

Linked entries: GÁN gancgan gongan

GÁN

(v.)
Grammar
GÁN, to gánne; ic gá, ðú gǽst, he gǽþ; pl. gáþ; p. ic he eóde, ðú eódest; pl. eódon; imp. gá, pl. gáþ; pp. gán; v. n. [the conjugation is formed from two roots, the past tense being from root i; cf. Gothic iddja];

To go ⬩ come ⬩ walk ⬩ happen ⬩ īre ⬩ grădi ⬩ evĕnīre

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He on flet gǽþ he walks in the court, Beo. Th. 4075; B. 2034. Gǽþ á wyrd swá hió sceal fate goes ever as it must, Beo. Th. 915; B. 455. Hí gáþ they go, Andr. Kmbl. 3328; An. 1667.

be-hón

(v.)
Grammar
be-hón, p. -héng, pl. -héngon; pp. -hangen, -hongen [be, hón to hang]

To BEHANG ⬩ to hang round ⬩ circumpendere ⬩ circumdare ⬩ ambire

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To BEHANG, to hang round; circumpendere, circumdare, ambire Behongen beón mid bellum to be behung or hung round with bells Past. 15, 4; Hat. MS. 19 b, 7

Linked entry: bi-hongen

án-for-lǽtan

(v.)
Grammar
án-for-lǽtan, ic -læte, ðú -lætest, -lǽtst, he -lǽteþ, -léteþ, pl. -lǽtaþ; p. -lét, -leórt, -leót, pl. -léton; pp. -lǽten

To leave alone ⬩ lose ⬩ relinquish ⬩ forsake ⬩ amittere

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To leave alone, lose, relinquish, forsake; amittere Ðú nú án-forléte thou hast now lost, Bt. 7, 3; Fox 20, 12: Bd. 1, 27, resp. 3; S. 490, 25: 4, 10; S. 578, 34

Linked entry: ǽnforléten

a-yrnan

(v.)
Grammar
a-yrnan, he -yrnþ ; p. -arn, pl. -urnon ; pp. -urnen [a out, yrnan to run]

To run over ⬩ to pass or go over ⬩ pass ⬩ go ⬩ præterire ⬩ decurrere

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To run over, to pass or go over, pass, go ; præterire, decurrere To náhte híg becumaþ swá swá a-yrnende wæter ad nihilum devenient tamquam aqua decurrens, Ps. Lamb. 57, 8. Swá neáh wæs þúsend wintra a-urnen so near was a thousand winters gone, Chr. 973

Linked entry: a-urnen

CNÁWAN

(v.)
Grammar
CNÁWAN, ic cnáwe, ðú cnáwest, cnáwst, he cnáweþ, cnǽwþ, pl. cnáwaþ; p. cneów, pl. cneówon; pp. cnáwen

To KNOW; ⬩ noscere

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To KNOW; noscere Ða byþ cnáwene noscuntur Mone B. 169

hebban

(v.)
Grammar
hebban, occurs with dat.

to lift ⬩ to lift ⬩ to raise ⬩ lift ⬩ make a sound ⬩ to exalt ⬩ elevate ⬩ to extol ⬩ exalt ⬩ to set up ⬩ institute ⬩ to raise ⬩ bring up ⬩ to direct ⬩ bear ⬩ To rise ⬩ mount

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Hý hine hófun on þá heán lyft, Gú. 383. Him wæs hafen beód tó, Bd. 3, 6; Sch. 209, 13. intrans. To rise, mount Hé stah úp tó ðam stépele and of ðam stépele hóf upp on lyfte, swylce hé wolde wið þæs heofones weard, Wlfst. 100, 3.

ge-seón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-seón, [For first two lines substitute: <b>ge-seón,</b> ge-sión, ic-seó, -sió, -sié, þú-sihst, -siehst, -syhst, -syxt, hé-sihþ, -siehð, -seohþ, -syhþ, -seóþ, pl. -seóþ, -sióþ; p. ic, hé -seah, -seh, þú-sáwe, -sége, pl. -sáwon, -ségon, -seágon, -sǽgon ; imp. -seoh, -seah, pl. -seóþ; subj. prs. ic-seó, -sió, -sié ; p. -sáwe, -sége; pp. -sewen, -seowen, -segen, -seogen, -sawen (-sáw- ?). Northern and Mercian forms: ge-seá, -seán, -sión, ic -seóm, -sióm, -siúm, þú -siist, -síst, -seǽs, hé -siið, -siis, -síþ, -sís ; pl. -seáþ, -siáþ, -seás ; p. ic, hé -sæh, -sægh, -seh, þu -sége, pl. -ségon, -sǽgon ; imp. -sæh, -sægh, -seh, -sech, -sih, pl. -seaeþ, -siáþ; subj. prs. -sé, -see, -sié, -sii,pl. sén; p. -sége ; part. prs. -siónde, -siénde, -séende, -segende ; pp. -segen, -segn, -séen To see.]
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Hé heora þearfe forgeaf, oð þæt hé gesáwe hwæt hé him dón wolde, Bd.

alan

(v.)
Grammar
alan, ic ale, ðú alest, alst, he aleþ, alþ, pl. alaþ; p. ól, pl. ólon; pp. alen.

to nourish ⬩ grow ⬩ produce ⬩ alere ⬩ procreare ⬩ to appear ⬩ apparere

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to nourish, grow, produce; alere, procreare Swylce eorþe ól as the earth nourished, Exon. 94a; Th. 353, 35; Reim. 23. to appear; apparere Ða ne alaþ which appear not; quæ non apparent, Lk. Lind. War. 11, 44. [Goth. alan; pp. alans crescere: O. Nrs.

a-slídan

(v.)
Grammar
a-slídan, ic -slide, ðú -slidest, -slíst, he -slídeþ, -slít, pl. -slídaþ; p. -slád, pl. -slidon ; pp. -sliden

To slide or slip away ⬩ labare

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To slide or slip away; labare Ne aslít his fót non supplantabuntur gressus ejus, Ps. Th. 36, 31. Ðæt mín fór asliden wǽre motus est pes meus, 93, 17. Asliden beón labi, Scint.13, 24, 78

Linked entry: aslád

be-feallan

(v.)
Grammar
be-feallan, ic -fealle, ðú -feallest, -fylst, he -fealleþ, -fylþ, pl. -feallaþ ; p. -feól, -feóll, pl. -feóllon; pp. -feallen.

to fall ⬩ cadere ⬩ incidere ⬩ to fall off ⬩ cadere ab aliquo ⬩ deprived ⬩ bereft ⬩ orbatus ⬩ privatus

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to fall; cadere, incidere Án of ðám ne befylþ on eorþan unus ex illis non cadet super terram, Mt. Bos. 10, 29. Hie oft befeallaþ on micel yfel they often fall into great evil, Past. 40, 3 ; Hat. MS. 53 b, 8 : Cd. 18; Th. 21, 26; Gen. 330 : Lk. Bos. 10

geldan

(v.)
Grammar
geldan, ic gelde, ðú geltst, gelst, he gelt, pl. geldaþ; p. geald, pl. guldon; pp. golden

To pay ⬩ restore ⬩ render ⬩ make an offering ⬩ serve ⬩ worship

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To pay, restore, render, make an offering, serve, worship Geld ðæt ðú áht to geldanne redde quod debes, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 18, 28 : Bt. 41, 3; Fox 248, 22, note 27 : L. Wih. 12; Th, i. 40, 4, 6 : L. H. E. 10; Th. i. 32, 2

Linked entries: gældan ge-golden

ge-teón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-teón, ic -teó, ðú -týhst, he -týhþ, pl. -teóþ; p. -teáh, -teág, -téh, pl. -tugon; pp. -togen.

to draw ⬩ lead ⬩ incite ⬩ excite ⬩ constrain ⬩ restrain ⬩ bring up ⬩ instruct ⬩ bring to an end ⬩ complete ⬩ draw or bind together ⬩ string a musical instrument ⬩ trahere ⬩ ducere ⬩ perducere ⬩ stringere ⬩ evaginare ⬩ excitare ⬩ constringere ⬩ educare ⬩ instituere ⬩ ad finem perducere ⬩ complere ⬩ nervis aptare vel instruere ⬩ to bring as an offering or gift ⬩ contribute ⬩ bestow ⬩ give ⬩ conferre

Entry preview:

He Adam fram helle getéh he drew Adam from hell, Nicod. 30; Thw. 17, 31. He monige to rihtre weorþunge ðǽre Drihtenlícan Eástrana geteáh and gelǽdde multos ad Catholicam Dominici Paschæ celebrationem perduxit, Bd. 5, 18; S. 636, 4.

for-leósan

(v.)
Grammar
for-leósan, he -lýst; p. ic, he -leás, ðú -lure, pl. -luron; subj. pres. -leóse, pl. -leósen; p. -lure, pl. -luran, -luren; pp. -loren

To lose ⬩ let go ⬩ destroy ⬩ amittĕre ⬩ perdĕre ⬩ destruĕre

Entry preview:

Ðæt he forlure ða gestrión that he would lose the treasures, Past. 7, 1; Hat. MS. 12 a, 5. Ðú forloren hæfst ða woruldsǽlþa thou hast lost the worldly prosperity, Bt. 7, 1; Fox 16, 7

Linked entry: be-leósan

be-yrnan

(v.)
Grammar
be-yrnan, -irnan; he -yrnþ; p. -arn, pl. -urnon; pp. -urnen [be by, yrnan to run]

To run by, to come in, occur, incur ⬩ percurrere

Entry preview:

He ne be-arn on leásunga synne he incurred not the sin of [leasing] lying, Dial. 1, 2: Bd. de nat. rerum; Wrt. popl. science 7, 1; Lchdm. iii. 244, 20

Linked entries: be-arn be-irnan

ge-lýfan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-lýfan, -lífan, -léfan; to -lýfanne, -lýfenne ; part. -lýfende; ic -lýfe, ðú -lýfest, -lýfst, he -lýfeþ, -lýfþ, pl. -lýfaþ; p- ic, he -lýfde, ðú -lýfdest, pl. -lýfdon; impert. -lýf, pl. -lýfe, -lýfaþ; subj. pres. -lýfe, pl. -lýfon ; pp. -lýfed

To believe, confide, trust, hope ⬩ crēdĕre, confīdĕre, spērāre

Entry preview:

He his Hláfordes hyldo gelýfeþ he believes his Lord's kindness, Exon. 120 b; Th. 463, 9; Hö. 67 : 81 b; Th. 307, 21; Seef. 27. He gelýfþ on God confīdit in Deo, Mt. Bos. 27, 43 : Jn. Bos. 11, 25. Ðe on me gelýfaþ qui in me crēdunt, Mt. Bos. 18, 6.