Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

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æ
þ

þe

  • adverb
  • conjunction
  • pronoun
Dictionary links
Grammar
þe, indecl.
Wright's OE grammar
§95; §163; §252; §460; §462; §468; §560;
particle.
as relative pronoun of any number, gender, or case,
where the antecedent clause does not contain a demonstrative
Show examples

  • Ic hit eom, þe wið ðé sprece,

      Jn. Skt. 4, 26.

  • Ðæt ðú ne sý gesewen fram mannum fæstende, ac ðínum Fæder þe ys on díglum: and ðín Fæder þe gesyhþ on dýglum hit ágylt ðé,

      Mt. Kmbl. 6,18: Beo. Th. 5264; B. 2635.

  • Idesa scénost þe on woruld cóme,

      Cd. Th. 39, 18; Gen. 627.

  • Swýðe manega synt þe þurh ðone weg faraþ,... Swýðe feáwa synt þe ðone weg findon,

      Mt. Kmbl. 7, 13, 14.

  • Gé þe yfle synt cunnun góde sylena syllan,

      7, 11.

  • Wið gehwylce yfelu þe on ðam innoðe dereþ,

      Lchdm. i. 280, 18.
where the antecedent clause contains a demonstrative
Show examples

  • Hé fór tó ðæm iglande þe monn ðæt folc Mandras hǽtt (

    the people of which are called Mandras

    ),
      Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 134, 5.

  • Habbe hé ðone ilcan dóm þe (the same sentence as) se þe ðæt fals worhte L. C. S. 8; Th. i. 380, 22.

    For other instances

    v. se.
used in combination with the personal pronouns
Show examples

  • Saga hwæt ic hátte, þe ic lond reáfige,

      Exon. Th. 394, 6; Rä. 13, 14.

  • Wé ðás word sprecaþ ... þe wé in carcerne sittaþ,

      2, 27; Cri. 25.

  • Wé, þe ús befæst is seó gýmingGodes folces ...

    we, to whom is committed the care of God's people...,

      L. E. I. 1; Th. ii. 402, 9.

  • Fæder úre ðú þe eart on heofenum

    Pater noster, qui es in coelis,

      Mt. Kmbl. 6, 9.

  • Ðú þe reccest, ðú nú beheald

    qui regis, intende,

      Ps. Th. 79, 1.

  • Ðonne se scrift ongit ðæs costunga ðe hé him ondetteþ

    when the confessor hears the temptations of the man who confesses to him,

      Past. 16; Swt. 105, 20.

  • Ðære fǽmnan tíd þe hire (

    whose

    ) noma wæs Sc̃ca
      Anatolia, Shrn. 102, 34.

  • Sceáweras þe hira naman hér sint áwritene

    viros, quorum ista sunt nomina,

      Num. 13, 5: Lev. 11, 3.

  • Ða men þe mon hiora mǽgas ǽr slóg,

      Ors. 2, 5; Swt. 80, 19.
  • For other instances see hé.
where relative and antecedent are included in one form
Show examples
  • Eart ðú ðe tó cumenne eart? Lk. Skt. 7, 20.

  • Wén ne brúceþ ðe can weána lyt, Runic pm. Kmbl. 340,

      30; Rún. 8.

  • Tó middes eów stód þe gé ne cunnon,

      Jn. Skt. 1, 26.

  • Hér syndon þe ðíne deórlingas beón sceoldon,

      Homl. Skt. i. 23, 147.
as adverb.
a relative adverb
Show examples

  • Ðonon ðe hí útan bióþ áhæfene, ðanon hié bióþ innan áfeallene,

      Past. 50; Swt. 391, 12.

  • Ðæt úre ende geendige on God, þanon þe ús þæt angin com,

      Homl. Skt. i. 16, 8.

  • On ðæs sǽs waroþe ðanon ðe hí sciphere on becom,

      Bd. 2, 12; S. 481, 11.

  • Þider ðe Stephanus forestóp, ðider folgode Paulus,

      Homl. Th. i. 52, 5.
before comparatives,
any. v. þan
Show examples

  • Ne ðearft ðú nó be ðǽm gesceaftum tweógan þe (þon, Cott. MS.) má þe be ðǽm óþrum

    you need not doubt about those creatures any more than about the others,

      Bt. 34, 10; Fox 148, 18: 34, 1; Fox 134, 15: L. Pen. 7; Th. ii. 280, 5: Homl. Skt. i. 7, 20.
  • Nys mé ðýnes weales hǽmed nǽfre þe leófre þe mé nǽdre töólýte. Shrn. 154, 22.

  • Nis þeós woruld ðe geliccre ðære écan worulde þe is sum cweartern leóhtum dæge

    this world is no more like the eternal world than a prison is like bright day,

      Homl. Th. i. 154, 18.

  • Nǽre hit þe geliccre ðære écean myrhðe, þonne biþ ðam menn þe sitt on cwearterne wið ðam menn þe færþ frig geond land,

      Homl. Skt. i. 12, 107.

  • Gif hwylc gód man from góde gewíte, ðonne ne biþ hé þe (þon, Cott. MS.) má fullíce god (cf.

    Goth.

    ni magt thana mais fauragaggja wisan,
      Lk. 16, 2), Bt. 37, 3; Fox 190, 29.
= þý,
the
Show examples

  • Swá biþ micle þe winsumre sió sóþe gesǽlð tó habbenne æfter ðám eormþum ðisses lífes,

      Bt. 23; Fox 78, 30.

  • Hé hæfde giet ðe má unþeáwa þonne his eám hæfde

    avunculi sui ergo omnia vitia ac scelera sectator, immo transgressor,

      Ors. 6, 5; Swt. 260, 28.

  • Swá þincþ ánra gehwæm sió sóðe gesǽlð þe betere and þý wynsumre, þe hé wíta má hér ádreógeþ,

      Met. 12, 20.

  • Symle bið þý heardra, þe hit sǽstreámas swýðor beátaþ,

      Cd. Th. 80, 8; Gen. 1325.

  • Þe læs

    lest,

      Ex. 19, 21, 24: Mk. Skt. 4, 12: 13, 36.
as conjunction.
introducing noun or adverb clauses,
that, cf. þæt.
noun clauses
Show examples

  • Eác wæs ðæt ðe beforan ðæm temple stód ǽren ceác,

      Past. 16; Swt. 105, 1.

  • Heó ða fǽhðe wræc, þe ðú Grendel cwealdest,

      Beo. Th. 2672; B. 1334.

  • Áras sceoldon wilspella mǽst gesecgan, ðe ðæt sigor beácen méted wǽre,

      Elen. Kmbl. 1967; El. 985.

  • Ðæt dysig is anlíccost þe sum cild sié full hál geboren ...

    such folly is most like, that (just as if) a child were born quite healthy...,

      Bt. 38, 5; Fox 206, 21.

  • Hit is ðæm gelícost þe ic sitte on ánre heáre dúne,

      Ors. 3, 11; Swt. 142, 13.
adverb clauses
Show examples

  • Hwæt is se manna þe ðú him cýþan woldest

    quid est homo, quod innotuisti ei?

      Ps. Th. 143, 4.

  • Hé wolde ðæt ða folc him ðý swíþor tó buge, þe hé hæfde hiera ealdhláfordes sunu on his gewealde,

      Ors. 3, 11; Swt. 148, 32.

  • Hé wæs sundes þe sǽnra, þe hyne swylt fornam,

      Beo. Th. 2877; B. 1436: Exon. Th. 432, 15; Rä. 48, 6.

  • Hié ðæt gewinn ðæslícost angunnan, þe hí hit ǽr ne angunnen,

      Ors. 3, 11; Swt. 150, 31.
in combination with other particles, where the combination may be rendered by a conjunction
Show examples

  • Ðeáh þe ... swá ðeáh,

      Homl. Skt. i. 12, 106.

  • Óþ þe (

    until

    ) hyt eall áléd biþ,
      Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 20, 31: Bt. 38, 5; Fox 206, 24.
  • See þeáh, óþ, and se, V.
than
Show examples

  • Hé hæfde twǽm læs þe twéntig wintra,

      Blickl. Homl. 215, 34: Chr. 901; Erl. 96, 24.

  • Ne hí hié selfe ðý beteran ne taligen, ðe ða óðre, Past. 44; Swt. 329, 18.

    See

    II. 2 α above, and þan.
or,
alone
Show examples
  • Ys hyt álýfed, þe ná? Mt. Kmbl. 22, 17: Lk. Skt. 7, 20.

  • God ána wát hú his gecynde biþ, wífhádes þe weres,

      Exon. Th. 223, 9; Ph, 357.

  • Hwæðer wǽre twégra strengra, wyrd ðe warnung,

      Salm. Kmbl. 855; Sal. 427.
þe ... þe
whether ... or
Show examples

  • Hwyder hé gelǽded sý, þe tó wíte, þe tó wuldre,

      Blickl. Homl. 97, 22.

  • Gé nyton hwænne ðæs húses hláford cymþ; þe on ǽfen, þe on midre nihte, þe on hancréde, þe on mergen, Mk. Skt. 13, 35. (β 1) hwæðer (

    pronoun

    ) ... þe ... þe :-- Ðæt ic wite hwæðer hit sig, þe sóð þe leás, ðæt gé secgaþ,
      Gen. 42, 16.

  • Hwæþer ðincþ ðé ðonne, ðæt ða ðing sién, þe ðara sóþena gesǽlþa limu, ðe sió gesǽlþ self? Bt. 34,

      6; Fox 142, 10.
  • Hwæðer is ðé leófre, þe ðú nú onfó ða costnunga, þe neár ðínum ende? Homl. Skt. ii. 30, 131.
hwæðer, þeáh ... þe
whether ... or
Show examples

  • Hwæþer hé wacode ðe slépte,

      Bd. 2, 12; S. 513, 39,
    Hwæðer ðæs landes folc cristen wǽre ðe hǽðen, Homl. Th. ii. 120, 23.

  • Ongitan hwæþer hit hysecild þe mǽdencild beón wille,

      Lchdm. ii. 172, 17: Exon. Th. 80, 16; Cri. 1307: Blickl. Homl. 117, 19.

  • Ic nát þeáh ðú mid ligenum fare, þe ðú Drihtnes eart bola,

      Cd. Th. 34, 4; Gen. 532. [O. Sax. the.
    ]
Linked entries
v.  þý.
Entry information
Citation

Bosworth, Joseph. “þe.” In An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online, edited by Thomas Northcote Toller, Christ Sean, and Ondřej Tichy. Prague: Faculty of Arts, Charles University, 2014. https://bosworthtoller.com/31544.

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Full form

Word-wheel

  • þe, adv.; con.; pronoun.

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