Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
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Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

ELLEN

(n.)
Grammar
ELLEN, gen. elnes; m. n.

Strength, power, vigour, valour, courage, fortitude ⬩ vis, rōbur, vĭgor, virtus, fortĭtūdo

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Moyses bebeád folc hycgan on ellen Moses bade the people think on valour, Cd. 154; Th. 191, 22; Exod. 218: Fins. Th. 21; Fin. 11: Ps. Th. 93, 2.

Linked entries: alor ellarn ellyn elnes elle ellern

a-drincan

(v.)
Grammar
a-drincan, p. -dranc, pl. -druncon; pp. -druncen

To be immersed ⬩ extinguished ⬩ quenched by water ⬩ to be drowned ⬩ immergi ⬩ exstingui ⬩ aquis suffocari

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To be immersed, extinguished, quenched by water, to be drowned; immergi, exstingui, aquis suffocari Lígfýr adranc the fire-flame was quenched, Cd. 146; Th. 182, 18; Exod. 77.

Linked entries: a-dronc a-druncen

un-biþirfe

(adj.)
Grammar
un-biþirfe, adj.

Useless ⬩ vain ⬩ unprofitable

Entry preview:

Ða ( false gods ) sind geásne góda gehwylces, ídle, orfeorme, unbiþyrfe, ne ðǽr freme méteþ fira ǽnig, 255, 21; Jul. 217

Linked entry: un-beþirfe

heard-hara

(n.)
Grammar
heard-hara, heardra, an; m.
Entry preview:

The name of a fish. Heardhara cefalus, Txts. 52, 270. Haerdhera caefalus, 115, 167. Heardra cephalus, Wrt. Voc. i. 66, 4: ceffalus, 281, 70: cefalus, ii. 14, 20. Heardhara mugil, 114, 40. Hacod oððe heardra, 55, 81. Heardran mullos, An.

Linked entry: heardra

sætilcas

Entry preview:

Ne ymbe sciphergas sætilcas ne hérdon ne furþum fira nán ymb gefeoht sprecan, Met. 8, 31.

HÝÐ

(n.)
Grammar
HÝÐ, e ; f.

a port ⬩ haven

Entry preview:

., on its landing; a low shore, fit to be a landing place for boats, etc.,a port, haven Hýð angiportus, i. refrigerium navium, Ælfc. Gl. 5; Som. 56, 32 : Wrt. Voc. 17, 36 : confugium, i. statium, portus, ii. 131, 5l. Hýð portus, Ælfc.

Linked entry: húðe

líc-wyrþe

(adj.)
Grammar
líc-wyrþe, adj.

pleasant ⬩ acceptable ⬩ agreeable ⬩ estimable ⬩ sterling

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Fit to please, pleasant, well-pleasing, acceptable, agreeable, estimable, sterling [of money] Ne mæg heó nán ðæra þinga gedón ðe Gode lícwyrþe beó nequit quidquid eorum facere quæ Deo grata sunt, L. Ecg. P. ii. 16; Th. ii. 188, 5: Wulfst. 279, 17.

tynder

(n.)
Grammar
tynder, e; tyndren (-in), e (?); tyndre, an; f.
Entry preview:

tinder, fuel (lit. and fig.) Tyndir (-er) napta, genus fomenti, Txts. 80, 685. Geswǽlud spoon vel tynder fomes, Wrt. Voc. i. 39, 21. Tynder fomes, i. incendium, astula minuta, ii. 150, 4. Tyndrin, tyndirm (-in?) isca (=esca fomes, Migue; cf.

Linked entries: tender tyndre

doppettan

(v.)
Grammar
doppettan, p. te; pp.ed

To dip often, dip in, immerse ⬩ mersāre

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To dip often, dip in, immerse; mersāre Geseah he swymman scealfran on flóde, and gelóme doppettan adúne to grunde, éhtende þearle ðære eá fixa he saw gulls swimming on the water, and frequently dipping down to the bottom, eagerly pursuing the fishes

folc-néd

(n.)
Grammar
folc-néd, e; f.

A people's need ⬩ pŏpŭli necessĭtas

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necessĭtas Him wísode wolcen unlytel daga ǽghwylce, swá hit Drihten hét; and him ealle niht, óðer beácen, fýres leórna, folcnéde heóld a large cloud directed them every day, as the Lord commanded it; and to them all night, another sign, a pillar of fire

heng-wíte

(n.)
Grammar
heng-wíte, es; n.

A fine to be paid for not keeping a criminal in custody so that he may be brought before the proper tribunal

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A fine to be paid for not keeping a criminal in custody so that he may be brought before the proper tribunal Si quis latronem vel furem, sine clamore et insecutione ejus, cui dampnum factum est, ceperit, et captum ultra duxerit dabit x solid. de henwite

lorh

(n.)
Grammar
lorh, lorg, e; f.

A pole

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A pole, a weaver's beam Lorh vel webbeám liciatorium [lignum in quo licium involvitur, et laqueus qui de filo solet fieri, Ducange], Ælfc. Gl, 110; Som. 79, 48; Wrt. Voc. 59, 19.

ge-sceót

(n.)
Grammar
ge-sceót, es; n.

shooting, hurling ⬩ rapid movement as of anything shot

Entry preview:

Similar entries v. gesceot ge mid stána torfungum both with shootings and flingings of stones, Ors. 3, 9: Bos, 68, 19. rapid movement as of anything shot Ða wǽmna flugon mid swiftum gesceóte on heora fínd the weapons flew with swift movement on to their

þeóf-gild

(n.)
Grammar
þeóf-gild, es; n.
Entry preview:

Payment made in the way of fine or compensation by one convicted of stealing Swerian hí ðæt him nǽfre áð ne burste, ne hé þeófgyld ne gulde (i.e. that he had never been convicted of stealing ), L.

ge-bryttan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-bryttan, p. te
Entry preview:

Gif þá finde fisc on óþrum fisce innan, genim þone and gebrǽd swíþe, and gebryte on drincan and sele þám seócan drincan, Lch. ii. 90, 10. Heorotes lungena ... þonne hié ful wel ádrúgode synd, gebryte and gegníd, and gesomna mid hunige, 216, 9

Linked entries: bryttan ge-brittan

ofer-sewenness

(n.)
Grammar
ofer-sewenness, e; f.
Entry preview:

Contempt; as a legal term, fine for disobedience to authority. The word occurs only in legal documents.

Linked entry: ofer-gesewenness

ofering

(n.)
Grammar
ofering, e; f.

Superfluity

Entry preview:

Superfluity Gif ðú ofer gemet itst oððe drincst oððe cláþa ðé má on hæfst ðonne ðú þurfe seó ofering ðé wurþ tó sáre cujus satietatem si superfluis urgere velis, quod infuderes fiet noxium, Bt. 14, 1; Fox 42, 16.

on-fengness

(n.)
Grammar
on-fengness, e; f.

Reception, acceptance

Entry preview:

Be ðære onfengnysse Cristes geleáfan de percipienda fide Cristi, 2, 13 tit; S. 515, 33. Ymb xl nihta ðæs sǽdes onfengnesse xl dies post semen receptum, L. Ecg. C. 30, note; Th. ii. 154, 36. Þurh ða onfengnesse ðæs Hálgan Gástes, Blickl. Homl. 135, 35

Linked entries: and-fengnes fengness on-fangenness

ǽ-gleáw

(adj.)
Grammar
ǽ-gleáw, adj.

Skilled in the law ⬩ learned ⬩ wise ⬩ legis peritus ⬩ saga-cissimus ⬩ sapientissimus

Entry preview:

Ðæt scell ǽgleáwra fíndan that a more learned man must find out. Andr. Kmbl. 2965; An. 1485

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