Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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wédan

(v.)
Grammar
wédan, p. de

To be mad or furious, to rage, rave ⬩ to be mad, out of one's senses ⬩ to act with violence, be furious, rage,

Entry preview:

Bt. 7.4; Fox 22, 33. to act with violence, be furious, rage, of persons Ðonne se deófol ðús wétt, Wulfst. 198, 5. Hé wét swíðe and wynð on ða Cristenan, Homl. Skt. i. 16, 225.

Linked entry: a-wédan

tó-cnáwan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-cnáwan, p. -cneów; pp. -cnáwen

To discern, ⬩ distinguish, ⬩ know the difference between, ⬩ understand

Entry preview:

Ðus ðú miht tócnáwan, hwænne nama cymþ of worde, hwænne word of naman, Ælfc. Gr. 36; Zup. 216. 5

in-gehygd

(n.)
Grammar
in-gehygd, -hýd, e; f : es; n.

Thought ⬩ mind ⬩ intent ⬩ sense ⬩ knowledge ⬩ understanding ⬩ conscience ⬩ intention ⬩ purpose

Entry preview:

Ðus áfandaþ God his gecorenan, ná swilce hé nyte heora ingehýd, Boutr. Scrd. 23, 7. Ðæt gold getácnode úrne geleáfan and úre góde ingehíd ðe wé Gode offrian sceolon, Gen. pref. Thw. 3, 33.

Linked entries: in-geþanc in-geþóht in-gemynd

ríce

(adj.)
Grammar
ríce, adj.

powerful ⬩ mighty ⬩ great ⬩ possessed of power ⬩ rich ⬩ possessed of wealth ⬩ strong ⬩ powerful ⬩ mighty ⬩ potent

Entry preview:

Gegníd swefl tó duste ... meng wið ealde sápan, and síe swefl rícra let the sulphur be the stronger ingredient, Lchdm. ii. 108, 16. Sió (jaundice) biþ ealra ádla rícust, 106, 20

be-windan

(v.)
Grammar
be-windan, bi-windan; p. -wand, -wond, pl. -wundon; pp. -wunden; v. a.

To wind or bind around or about, entwine, wrap, enwrap, encircle, surround, wind, turn ⬩ amplecti, involvere, cingere, circumdare, volvere

Entry preview:

Mec mon folmum biwond, and mec ðá on þeóstre alegde biwundenne mid wonnum cláðum one with hands enwrapped me, and then laid me in darkness enwrapped in dusky clothes, Exon. 28 b; Th. 87, 9-12; Cri. 1422-1424.

Linked entries: be-wand be-wunden bi-windan

scrift

(n.)
Grammar
scrift, es; m.
Entry preview:

Cweðe his andetnessa tó his scrifte, and ðus cweðe: Ic andette Ælmihtigum Gode and mínum scrifte ðam gástlícan lǽce ealle synna, L. de Cf. 6 ; Th. ii. 262, 18-21 : Blickl. Homl. 43, 20.

wísian

(v.)
Grammar
wísian, p. ode.

shew ⬩ guide ⬩ direct ⬩ to shew ⬩ shew ⬩ point put ⬩ guide ⬩ direct ⬩ indicate

Entry preview:

Ðus him gewísede se mon ða gemǽru, swá him ða ealdan béc ryhtan and wísedon, Chart. Th. 142, 15 : 141, 18. Hwæt mæg ic dón, búton mé God wísige ? Gen. 41, 16. Swá him ryht wísie, L. Alf. pol. I; Th. i. 60, 20: 3; Th. i. 62, 9.

Linked entry: riht-wísian

wrítan

(v.)
Grammar
wrítan, p. wrát, pl. writon; pp. writen

To write. ⬩ to cut ⬩ to draw ⬩ to form letters ⬩ to write ⬩ to write ⬩ to compose, ⬩ be the author of ⬩ to write ⬩ to write ⬩ write ⬩ to write ⬩ state ⬩ to write ⬩ get a thing written ⬩ to convey by charter

Entry preview:

Ptolomeas wrát ealles ðises middangeardes gemet on ánre béc, Bt. 18, l; Fox 62, 6. where many persons assent to a written statement,to write, get a thing written Hí on heora sinoþe ðus writon be him. Bd. 5, 19; S. 639, 39.

Linked entries: wrítere wrítian

brýten-walda

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
brýten-walda, brýten-wealda, bréten-ánwealda, an; m: brýten-weald, es; m.

A powerful ruler or king ⬩ præpotens rex ⬩ a ruler ⬩ the British aborigines ⬩ to bruise, break, to break into small portions, to disperse ⬩ a ruler, king, ⬩ an extensive or powerful king, a king whose power is widely extended. ⬩ a powerful king ⬩ the wide expanse of earth ⬩ a spacious realm ⬩ the spacious world ⬩ a spacious dwelling ⬩ a war-king

Entry preview:

Ærest wæs Ælle, [Súþ-Seaxna] cing, se ðus mycel ríce hæfde. Se æftera wæs Ceawlin, West-Sexna cing. Se þridda wæs Æðelbriht, Cantwara cing. Se feórþa wæs Rǽdwald.

weorþscipe

(n.)
Grammar
weorþscipe, es; m.
Entry preview:

Grn. 5, 7. honour, glory Míne fýnd mínne weorðscipe tó duste gewyrcen inimicus gloriam meam in pulverem deducat Ps.

eo

(n.)
Grammar
eo, I. unaccented, generally stands before two consonants lc, ld, lf, rc, rd, rf, rg, rh, rl, rm, rn, rp, rr, rt, rþ, x; as, Geolca a yolk, sceolde should, seolfor silver, deorc dark, sweord a sword, ceorfan to carve, beorgan to protect, beorht bright, eorl earl, beorma barm, eornost earnest, weorpan to throw, steorra a star, heorte the heart, eorþe the earth, meox dung. II. eó accented, the diphthong, generally stands before the consonants c, d, f, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, st, t, w; as, Seóc sick, beódan to bid, þeóf a thief, fleógan to fly, hreóh rough, hweól a wheel, leóma a ray of light, beón to be, deóp deep, beór beer, ceosan to choose, breóst the breast, fleótan to float, leóþ a song, ceówan to chew. 2. eó is also the termination of many words, and then the ó in eó is always accented; as, Beó a bee; ic beó

I shall be

Entry preview:

I shall be; freó free; gleó glee; seó the; seó sim, sis, sit; treó a tree; breó three, etc

weorþan

(v.)
Grammar
weorþan, (wurþan, wyrþan); p. wearþ, pl. wurdon; pp. worden.
Entry preview:

Th. 117, 14. weorþan tó, of change in material condition, to become, turn to Ðú eart dust, and tó duste wyrst pulvis es, et in pulverem reverteris, Gen. 3, 19. Weorðeþ tó duste, Ps. Th. 89, 6. Tó wætere weorðeþ, 147, 7: Met. 28, 63.

FRUMA

(n.)
Grammar
FRUMA, an; m. [frum primitive, first] .

a beginning ⬩ commencement ⬩ origin ⬩ princĭpium ⬩ inĭtium ⬩ ŏrīgo ⬩ prīmordium ⬩ exordium ⬩ an originator ⬩ author ⬩ founder ⬩ inventor ⬩ auctor ⬩ inventor ⬩ a chief ⬩ prince ⬩ ruler ⬩ king ⬩ prŏcer ⬩ princeps ⬩ rex

Entry preview:

a beginning, commencement, origin; princĭpium, inĭtium, ŏrīgo, prīmordium, exordium Hí sendon ǽrendgewrit, wæs se fruma ðus awriten mittunt epistŏlam, cūjus hoc princĭpium est, Bd. 1, 13; S. 481, 41: 4, 17; S. 585, 17: Ps.

nú

(adv.; con.; int.)

Now ⬩ at this time ⬩ Now ⬩ since ⬩ when

Entry preview:

Nú ðonne nú ða líchomlícan lǽcas ðus scyldige gerehte sint, nú is tó ongietanne ... Past. 49; Swt. 377, 21. Grammar nú, interj. Nú is seóc se ðe ðú lufast ecce quem amas infirmatur, Jn. Skt. 11, 3.

þǽr

(adv.)
Grammar
þǽr, þár, þára; adv.
Entry preview:

Sceáwa þǽr dust and drýge bán, þǽr þǽr ðú ǽr gesáwe fægre leomu, Blickl. Homl. 113, 21. where the two forms are not separated, and may be translated by where God gefilde mid flǽsce þǽr þǽr ðæt ribb wǽs, Gen. 2, 21. Mín þén biþ þǽr þǽr (þár þár, MS.

Linked entry: þár

ge-weorþan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-weorþan, -wiorþan, -wurþan, -wyrþan; he -weorþeþ, -weorþ, pl. -weorpaþ; p. ic, he -wearþ, ðú -wurde, pl. -wurdon; subj. pres. -weorþe, pl. -weorþen; p. -wurde, pl. -wurden; pp. -worden.

to be ⬩ be made ⬩ become ⬩ happen ⬩ fiĕri ⬩ To happen ⬩ come to pass ⬩ befall ⬩ come together ⬩ agree ⬩ be agreeable ⬩ contingĕre ⬩ evĕnīre ⬩ convĕnīre ⬩ plăcēre

Entry preview:

to be, be made, become, happen; fiĕri Hú mágon ðás þing ðus geweorþan quomŏdo possunt hæc fiĕri? Jn. Bos. 3, 9: Elen. Kmbl. 909; El. 456. Ne séc ðú þurh hlytas hú ðé geweorþan scyle seek not by lots how it is to happen to thee, rov. Kmbl. 32.

Linked entries: ge-wurþan ge-wyrþan tó-wesness

heá-lic

lofty ⬩ tall ⬩ high up ⬩ precious ⬩ elevated ⬩ raised ⬩ loud ⬩ profound ⬩ intense ⬩ extreme ⬩ noble ⬩ excellent

Entry preview:

Uton wé þus heálices and ðus foremǽres mundboran láre folgian, Bl. H. 169, 17. Stefn heálices fæderes vox excelsi Patris, Hy. S. 49, 7. Hí ðone Hǽlend wurðodon and nǽnne óðerne swá heálicne ne tealdon, Hml. S. 11, 97.

synderlíce

(adj.; adv.)
Grammar
synderlíce, adv.

apart, away from all others, in private ⬩ separately, severally, apart ⬩ specially, in particular ⬩ only, exclusively, solely, to or by one's self ⬩ specially, exceedingly, to a greater extent than in any other case, singularly

Entry preview:

Heora ǽghwylc be heom sylfum synderlíce ðus cwæð, Homl.

Linked entry: sundorlíce

sulung

(n.)
Grammar
sulung, e; f. A Kentish word for a certain quantity of land, derived, like carrucata, from a name of the plough; from its origin it might mean, so much land as could be cultivated by one plough. From the first two passages given below it would seem that the sulung was equivalent to two hides (manentes), and later a solanda, which is probably the same word, is said 'per se habere duas hidas.' v. Seebohm, Vill. Comm., p. 54. But perhaps it may be inferred that both hide and sulung were considered as on the same footing as regards the plough. Thus to the gebúr with his gyrd landes, i. e. one quarter of a hide, are to be given two oxen, L. R. S. 4; Th. i. 434, 23, while a gift of half a sulung is accompanied by the further gift of four oxen, Chart. Th. 470, 9-14. v. Seebohm, pp. 138-9, and generally. In the Domesday Survey of Kent the assessment was given by solins, and the word remained in use. v. Pegge's Kenticisms, s.v.
Entry preview:

sulling Aliquam terrae partiunculam, hoc est duarum manentium ... ritu Cantiae án sulung dictum, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. 249, 19. Terrae particula duarum manentium, id est, án sulung, 250, 8. Yc gean intó Cristes cyrican on Cantwarabyrig ðæs landes æt Holungaburnan

Linked entry: swulung

hwæþere

Entry preview:

Ne ðus is huoeðre ( autem ) in iúih, 10, 43: Jn. L. 20, 17. Huæðre, 6, 6. Dǽle hé hwæðre ..., Ll.

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