Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
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ildra

(n.)
Grammar
ildra, an [but the singular rarely occurs] ; m.

A parent ⬩ ancestor ⬩ father ⬩ forefather ⬩ predecessor ⬩ elder

Entry preview:

Eafora æfter yldrum the son after the parents, Cd. 56; Th. 69, 1; Gen. 1129. Suna ic lǽrde ðæt hié hýrdon heora yldrum I taught sons to obey their parents, Blickl. Homl. 185, 20.

Linked entries: ældran ildra

mægþhád-líc

(adj.)
Grammar
mægþhád-líc, adj.

Virgin ⬩ virginal

Entry preview:

Virgin, virginal Mæg[þ]hádlícre sidefulnysse pudicitiæ virginalis, Hpt. Gl. 440, 65

drægeþ

(v.)
Grammar
drægeþ, ðú drægest
Entry preview:

drags, thou draggest; 3rd and 2nd pers. pres. of dragan

dræhþ

(v.)
Grammar
dræhþ, ðú dræhst
Entry preview:

drags, thou draggest; 3 rd and 2nd pers. pres. of dragan

drýhþ

(v.)
Grammar
drýhþ, ðú drýhst

does, thou doest

Entry preview:

does, thou doest; 3rd and 2nd pers. pres. of dreógan

for-scippan

(v.)
Grammar
for-scippan, to transform, change for the worse.
Entry preview:

Forsceóp ... þet líc ... wurdon tó hundum, An. Ox. 26, 61. Þurh ðá ofermódignesse mǽre englas on heofonum wurdon forsceapene tó atelicum deóflum, Wlfst. 145, 23. Scinnan forscepene spirits from angels changed to devils, Sat. 72.

Linked entry: for-sceppan

hind-fald

Grammar
hind-fald, híne. The word seems constructed as a nominative to the genitive hína (from hígna).
Entry preview:

Dele the bracket:

torfian

(v.)
Grammar
torfian, p. ode. In the first instance to throw with turf at a person (cf. stǽnan), and then with stones or the like; so
Entry preview:

Th. ii. 236, 21. Hí mid stánum torfodon ðone soðfæstan Iacob, 300, 18. Hig námon stánas tó ðam ðæt hig woldon hyne torfian tulerunt lapides, ut iacerent in eum, Jn. Skt. 8, 59: ut lapidarent eum, 10, 31.

Linked entries: a-torfian ge-torfian

feorh-góma

(n.)
Grammar
feorh-góma, an; m. [góma the gums, jaws]

Fatal or deadly jaws ⬩ fatāles fauces

Entry preview:

Fatal or deadly jaws; fatāles fauces Se deópa seáþ mid wíta fela, frécnum feorhgómum, folcum scendeþ the deep pit [hell] afflicts people with many torments, with rugged fatal jaws, Exon. 30 b; Th. 94, 32; Cri. 1549

Linked entry: góma

híw-rǽden

Grammar
híw-rǽden, In
  • Ps. L.
the word is neuter

a family ⬩ a house ⬩ a house ⬩ family ⬩ tribe ⬩ nation

Entry preview:

Híwrǽdene, Hpt. 31, 18, 504. a house, body of people living together with common interests and occupations, a religious house Þæt heó sién þǽm biscope holde and þǽre heórǽdene æt Weogornaceastre, Cht. Th. 168, 24.

breóst

Grammar
breóst, [The word occurs of all three genders, and can be used in the plural (dual) when a single person is referred to.]

the chest ⬩ thorax ⬩ the stomach ⬩ womb ⬩ a breast ⬩ mamma ⬩ mamilla

Entry preview:

Sceal mon þis wrítan and dón þás word on þá winstran breóst, Lch. ii. 140, 27. Breóstum pipillis, papillis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 94, 54. Brióst mamillas, Lch. i. lxxii, 2. breast as seat of feeling, &c.

spátl

Grammar
spátl, [El. 300. The MS. has spald.]
Entry preview:

Se sácerd æthrínð mid his spátle þæs mannes nose and eáran, Wlfst. 35, 12. Add

un-slǽwð

(n.)
Grammar
un-slǽwð, seems an error for un-sǽlð, the reading of the Cott. MSS.
Entry preview:

Past. 45; Swt. 341, 4

drægþ

(v.)
Grammar
drægþ, ðú drægst drags, thou draggest, Past. 56, 2; Hat. MS;
Entry preview:

3rd and 2nd pers. pres. of dragan

H

Grammar
H, IN Anglo-Saxon the letter h represents the guttural aspirate and the pure spirant. In later English the guttural h is generally represented by gh, e. g. leóht light, heáh high. Under certain circumstances h takes the place of c and g, see those letters. In. some cases it is dropped, e. g. bleó for bleoh; seón, p. seah; nabban = ne habban. In the Northumbrian specimens the use of the initial h, especially in the combinations hl, hn, hr, is uncertain, e. g. eorta = heorta, haald = ald, hlíf = líf, lysta = hlysta, hnett = nett, nesc = hnesc, hræst = ræst, ræfn = hræfn. The name of the Runic letter was hægl
Entry preview:

hail Hægl byþ hwítust corna, Runic pm. 9; Kmbl. 341, 4; the forms accompanying the poem and given by Kemble are these, RUNE RUNE RUNE

þorp

(n.)
Grammar
þorp, þrop, es; m. Perhaps the idea at first connected with the words is that of an assemblage, cf. the use in Icelandic: Maðr heitir einnhverr ... þorp ef þrír ero, Skáldskaparmál; þyrpast to crowd, throng: þyrping
Entry preview:

a crowd: later the word may have been used of the assemblage of workers on an estate, and also of the estate on which they worked; all three ideas seem to be implied in one or other of the following glosses Tuun, þrop, ðrop conpetum, Txts. 53, 557: Wrt

Linked entry: þrop

for-fón

(v.)
Grammar
for-fón, ic -fó, ðú -féhst, he -féhþ, pl. -fóþ; p. ic, he -féng, ðú -fénge, pl. -féngon; pp. -fangen, -fongen [for-, fón to take] .

to take violently or by surprise ⬩ clutch ⬩ arrest ⬩ seize ⬩ vehementer căpĕre ⬩ imprōviso adventu căpĕre ⬩ prehendĕre ⬩ apprehendĕre ⬩ deprehendĕre

Entry preview:

Forfóh ðone frætgan, and fæste geheald seize the proud one [the devil], and firmly hold [him ], Exon. 69 b; Th. 259, 18; Jul. 284.

Linked entry: fore-fón

ecg-lást

(n.)
Grammar
ecg-lást, [The gender is doubtful, the word occurring both m. and f. in the only passage where it is found: lást a track is m.]
Entry preview:

A sword's edge On ðæs Paternosters ðǽre swíðran handa is gyldenes sweordes onlícnis . . . and ðæs dryhtenlican wǽpnes seó swíðre ecglást (gender influenced by that of ecg?) hé ( the true gender of -lást?)

ge-þancol

(adj.)
Grammar
ge-þancol, -þancul, -þoncol; adj. [þanc the mind, thought]
Entry preview:

Th. 118, 52: Ps. C. 50, 6; Ps. Grn. ii. 276, 6. Swá hleóðrode hálig cempa, þeáwum geþancul thus spake the holy champion, in all his ways thoughtful, Andr. Kmbl. 923; An. 462. Giþoncolo intenti, Rtl. 16, 31. Giþoncle supplices, 4, 24

þeówan

(v.)
Grammar
þeówan, þéwan, þíwan, þýwan, þýgan, þeón, þían, þýn, and þeówian, þíwian, þýwian; pres. ic þý, hé þýþ; p. þeówde, þéwde, þíwde, þýwde, þýgde, þeóde, þýde; ppr. þýwende, þíende; pp. þéd, þýd.
Entry preview:

to press Hwílum mec ( an animal's skin) wonfeax wale wegeþ and þýð, Exon. Th. 393, 31; Rä. 13, 8. [Hé mec (a cup ) fin]grum þýð, 480, 24; Rä. 64, 6. Þýde conpressit (the line in Aldhelm is: Dulcia sed Christi compressit labra labellis), Wrt.

Linked entries: þéde þeóddon þeón þeów-racu þerende þéwan þían þíwan mid-þeówan þurh-þeówan þýan þýgan þýn þýwan

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