Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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wan-spédig

(adj.)
Grammar
wan-spédig, adj.
Entry preview:

Poor, indigent Sum ǽhta onlíhð; sum bið won*-*spédig. Exon. Th. 295, 11 ; Crä. 31. Ðín wanspédiga mǽg attenuatus frater tuus, Lev. 25, 25. Ðás læssan lác, ðe wǽron wannspédigra manna lác. Homl. Th. i. 140, 6.

bæc

(n.)
Entry preview:

Grammar bæc, bec; m. n.: bæce, bece; m.: bæc(c); f. A beck, brook. The word, which seems to occur only in lists of boundaries in charters (except in wíl-bec?), appears with varying gender and declension. bæc; m. In baka brycge; of baka brycge, C. D.

forþ-cuman

(v.)
Grammar
forþ-cuman, he -cymeþ, -cymþ, pl. -cumaþ; p. -com, pl. -cómon; subj. pres. -cume, -cyme, pl. -cumen, -cymen; pp. -cumen, -cymen

To come forth or forward ⬩ proceed ⬩ succeed ⬩ arrive ⬩ procēdĕre ⬩ pervĕnīre ⬩ advĕnīre

Entry preview:

Ðonne forþcumaþ fyrenfulra þreát híge onlíc cum exŏrientur peccātōres sicut fēnum, Ps. Th. 91, 6. Siððan hit forþcume after it is come forth; postquam nātus sit, L. M. I. P. 10; Th. ii. 268, 6.

-en

(suffix)
Grammar
-en, <b>. I.</b> m. forms only a few masculine terminations of nouns; as, Þeóden; gen. þeódnes; m. a king, from þeód people: dryhten; gen. dryhtnes; m. a lord, from dryht

people, subjects

Entry preview:

people, subjects. f. -en forms many feminine nouns = the Ger. -in, Dan. -inde; as, Þínen, e; f. a maid-servant [Ger. dienerin], from þén [Ger. diener]; þeówen, e; f. a female slave, from þeów: wylen; gen. wylne; f. the same, from weal a slave: mennen,

Linked entry: -ælfen

ealdor-man

(n.)
Grammar
ealdor-man, -mann, -mon, ealdur-, aldor-, eldor-, es; m. [eald old, not only in age, but in knowledge, v. eald, hence ealdor an elder; man hŏmo] .

ALDERMAN, senator, chief, duke, a nobleman of the highest rank, and holding an office inferior only to that of the king ⬩ mājor nātu, sĕnātor, prŏcer, princeps, prīmas, dux, præfectus, trĭbūnus, quīcunque est aliis grădu aut nātu mājor. ⬩ eorl, Nrs. jarl, being placed over several shires. The Danish kings ruled by their eorlas or jarls, and the ealdormen disappeared from the shires. Gradually the title ceased altogether, except in the cities, where it denoted an inferior judicature, much as it now does among ourselves

Entry preview:

an elderman, ALDERMAN, senator, chief, duke, a nobleman of the highest rank, and holding an office inferior only to that of the king; mājor nātu, sĕnātor, prŏcer, princeps, prīmas, dux, præfectus, trĭbūnus, quīcunque est aliis grădu aut nātu mājor. The

Linked entries: aldor-mon ealdermen ealdor-mon ealdur-man eldor-man

swǽfan

(v.)
Entry preview:

v. swǽlan) sumes onlíce efne ðam munte ðe nú monna bearn Etne hátaþ se swefle byrneþ, Met. 8, 46-50.

be-feolan

(v.)
Grammar
be-feolan, l. be-feólan, dele first passage, and add: p. -fealh, -feall, -feal, pl. ful(g)on.

to bury ⬩ to bear ⬩ be pleased with ⬩ to apply oneself earnestly to something ⬩ to be urgent with a person ⬩ to press ⬩ to persist ⬩ persevere with something ⬩ to persist in ⬩ continue

Entry preview:

trans. to bury Mon sceal morðor under eorðan befeólan þe hit forhelan þenceþ, Gn. Ex. 115. [Cf. O. Sax.] to bear, be pleased with Ne eaþmódnesse iuc ná leng befeólan nellaþ nec iugum humilitatis diutius sustinere contenti sunt (contendunt, v. l. ),

weorold-gestreón

(n.)
Grammar
weorold-gestreón, es ; n.
Entry preview:

Sum hér ofer eorþan ǽhta onlíhð, woruld-gestreóna, 295, 10; Crä. 31. Ofergrǽdige woruldgestreóna ( cupidi, 2 Tim. 3, 2), Wulfst. 81, 14. Hé breác mondreáma hér, woruld-gestreóna. Cd. Th. 71, 27; Gen. 1177.

stóc

(n.)
Grammar
stóc, (stoc ?). A word occurring mostly in local names, either alone or in compounds. The meaning seems, like that of stów, to be place (in the first instance perhaps a place fenced in, cf. (?) staca), and both words remain now only as names of places,
Entry preview:

Stoke, Stowe, or as parts of such names, Basingstoke, Tavistock, Walthamstow. As may be seen from the Index to the Charters, Stóc occurs frequently, some of the references are here given Ðis is ðara þreora hída and .xxx. æcera bóc æt Stóce, Cod. Dip.

Linked entries: stóc-weard stóc-wíc

-waru

(suffix)
Grammar
-waru, a form occurring only in compounds with a collective force, the inhabitants of a place. It is used with common nouns, v. burh-, ceaster-, eorþ-, hell-, heofon-, land-waru; and with proper names, native or foreign, e. g. Lunden-waru, Chr. 1016 ; Erl. 159, 22: Hierosolim-waru
Entry preview:

Hierosolyma, Mt. Kmbl. 3, 5 ; Sychem-ware Sicinorum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 73, 66

Linked entry: wara

here-geatu

Grammar
here-geatu, [The word occurs very rarely in the singular; indeed be hergeate,
    Ll. Th. i. 412, 26,
seems the only instance that number. Plural forms are n. ac. -geatwei,(-a), -geata(-u, -e); dat -geat-wum, -geatum.]
Entry preview:

Add: Eahta hund eóredmanna ealle mid heregeatwum gegerede, Nar. 4, 13. Twégen englas gesceldode and gesperode and mid heregeatwum (heora geatwum, v. l.; but see Bl. N. 24), Bl. H. 221, 28. Beón þá heregea a (-e.v.l.) swá hit mǽðlic sý, Ll. Th. i. 414

leóma

Entry preview:

Seó sunne hæfð ðreó ágennyssa on hire; óðer is se leóma oððe beorhtnys ǽfre of ðǽre sunnan, seó ðe onlíht ealne middangeard, Hml. Th. i. 282, 9. Þonne se móna beó full, and his leóma ealne middaneard oferscíne, Angl. viii. 323, 6.

ge-tígan

Entry preview:

Hé bið getiéged (-tíged) tó óðrum monnum mid onlícre gecynde aequa ceteris naturae conditione constringitur, Past. 111, 19.

á-teón

to draw (out), ⬩ to protract ⬩ to deal with, ⬩ to treat a person ⬩ to employ property ⬩ time ⬩ talents

Entry preview:

Eal hé on onlíc weorc áteáh, Bl. H. 215, 5. Þá ǽhta Steóh hú þé lícige. Hml. S. 9, 44. Hiá hit átuge yfter hira dege swé hit him rehtlicast wére ... sué huelc swé lífes sié ágefe ðet feoh and áteé sue hit soelest sié. Cht. Th. 465, 22, 33.

endleofan

(n.; num.; adj.)
Grammar
endleofan, endlufon, endlyfun, inflected cases of endleof, endluf, endlyf [end = an one; unus; leof=lif, from lífan to leave; relinquĕre, Grm. ii. 947, or end = án one; lif ten; dĕcem; existing in Teutonic languages only in the words for 11 and 12; A. Sax. end-lif and twé-lf = twá-lf= twá-lif, Grm. Gsch. &sect;246] ELEVEN ; undĕcim = ἕνδεκα
Entry preview:

Ósréd ðæt rice hæfde endleofan wintra Osred held the kingdom for eleven years, Bd. 5, 18; S. 635, 20. Mid híra endlufon sunum cum undecim filiis, Gen. 32, 22. Endleofan steorran eleven stars, Gen. 37, 9: Chr. 71; Th. 13, 3, col. 3

Linked entries: ændlefen ellefne

BEGEN

(num.; adj.; pronoun.)

Both ⬩ ambo ⬩ both ⬩ ambo ⬩ ambæ ⬩ ambo ⬩ both ⬩ ⬩ ambo et ambæ vel ambæ et ambo ⬩ of both ⬩ amborum ⬩ ambarum ⬩ amborum ⬩ to both ⬩ ambobus ⬩ ambabus ⬩ ambobus ⬩ both ⬩ ambos ⬩ ambas ⬩ ambo ⬩ both ⬩ ambos et ambas vel ⬩ ambas et amb ⬩ with ⬩ by both ⬩ ambobus ⬩ ambabus ⬩ ambobus

Entry preview:

Grammar BEGEN, nom. m. only Both; ambo Grammar BEGEN, Adj. pron. pl Híg feallaþ begen on ǽnne pytt ambo in foveam cadunt Mt. Bos. 15, 14. Wit wǽron begen ðá git on geógoþfeore we [Beowulf and Breca] were both yet in youthful life Beo. Th. 1077; B. 536

Linked entries: bá bæga bǽm bám bátwá begra bó

-tig

(suffix)
Grammar
-tig, -ty, a numeral suffix in words denoting the decades; up to 60 such words are formed with a suffix only, from 60 to 120 hund is prefixed and tig suffixed, hund-seofon-tig, hund-twelf-tig. Other dialects make a distinction in the numerals at the same point. Gothic uses tigus (pl. tigjus) in the earlier, -téhund in the later, O. Saxon -tig in the earlier, while 70 is given by ant-siƀunta; in
Entry preview:

O. H. Ger. the two forms are -zug and -zó. In O. Frs. and Icel. the same forms are used throughout. Tig is another form of the root seen in ten (tehan, g for h according to Verner's Law)

fore-sceáwung

consideration ⬩ contemplation ⬩ foreseeing ⬩ foreknowledge ⬩ forethought ⬩ foresight ⬩ providence ⬩ divine providence

Entry preview:

Hé ongeat ꝥ heó mid þǽre godcundan foresceáwunge onlíht wæs, Hml. S. 23 b, 216.

Linked entry: fore-gesceáwung

be-fóran

(prep.; adv.)
Grammar
be-fóran, l. be-foran, and add:

in the presence of ⬩ in front of an object ⬩ a-head of ⬩ over against ⬩ before ⬩ in advance of: ⬩ into the presence of ⬩ before ⬩ in advance

Entry preview:

Eal hé ꝥ ǽr beforan on onlíc weorc áteáh, 215, 5

-hád

(suffix)
Grammar
-hád, a suffix forming abstract nouns, e. g. bisceop-, cild-, man-, wer-hid, etc. In the oldest English it is found combined only with nouns, while in the later stages of the language, as in O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. words are formed with it from adjectives. An early instance occurs in the Land MS. of the Chronicle 'druncenhed,'
  • 1070
    • ;
  • Erl. 209, 35
. In later English it takes two forms, -hode, -hede; in modern times, -hood, -head.

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