Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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ildra

(n.)
Grammar
ildra, m.
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Add: of relationship. a parent Sume habbað bearn genóge, ac ðá beóþ hwílum unhále oþþe yfele . . . ꝥ; ðá eldran for þám gnorniaþ, Bt. ii. i ; F. 32, 9. Mið ðý in lǽddun ældru his ( parentes eius ) ðone cnæht, Lk. R. 2, 27. Ældro, 43. Manige bearn beóþ

sceaft

(n.)
Grammar
sceaft, es; m.

A smooth, round, straight stick or pole, a shaft ⬩ the shaft of a spear ⬩ a spear ⬩ the shaft of an arrow ⬩ a pole ⬩ a taper

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A smooth, round, straight stick or pole, a shaft. generally the shaft of a spear Spereleás sceaft contus, Wrt. Voc. i. 35, 42. Gif se ord sié þreó fingre ufor ðonne hindeweard sceaft, L. Alf. pol. 36; Th. i. 84, 17, 18. His sceaft ætstód ætforan him,

ge-faran

(v.)
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Add: intrans. of motion, to travel, journey Þegen þe mid his ǽrende gefóre tó cinge, Ll. Th. i. 192, 2. Hé walde gefara ( exire ) in Galiléam, Jn. L. 1, 43. Se feónd þe on þá frécnan fyrd gefaren hæfde, Gen. 689. Húshleów dǽle man gefarenum, Wlfst. 74

ge-nemnan

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Add: to give as a name to an object. a proper name of a person Monno . . . wæs genemned hominem Matthaeum nomine, Mt. L. 9, 9. Wes heora heratoga Reóda geháten, from þám heó sind genemnode Dæl Reódi, Chr. P. 5, 2. Þus hié wǽron genemnde, Dubslane and

un-gesǽlig

(adj.)
Grammar
un-gesǽlig, adj.

Unhappy ⬩ unfortunate ⬩ unhappy ⬩ suffering ⬩ misfortune ⬩ calamity ⬩ suffering want of moral good ⬩ causing unhappiness ⬩ unfortunate ⬩ calamitous ⬩ unprofitable ⬩ evil

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Unhappy, unfortunate Ungesǽlig infelix, Wrt. Voc. i. 74, 30. Ðæs ungesǽligan infausti, ii. 47, 56. of persons, unhappy, suffering, misfortune, calamity, etc. Ne meht ðú cweðan ðæt ðú earm sé and ungesǽlig ( te existimari miserum ), Bt. 8; Fox 24, 23

Linked entries: ge-sǽlig un-sǽlig

wyrhta

(n.)
Grammar
wyrhta, an ; m.

a wright ⬩ workman ⬩ artificer ⬩ labourer ⬩ one who works at some trade ⬩ a maker ⬩ producer ⬩ author ⬩ creator ⬩ fabricator ⬩ the Creator ⬩ Maker ⬩ a doer ⬩ worker

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a wright, workman, artificer, labourer, one who works at some trade Wyrhta operarius, Wrt. Voc. i. 73, 25 : opifex, 47, 10. Yldest wyrhta architectus, 19, 14 : 47, 11. Se wyrhta (operarius) ys wyrðe hys metes, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 10. Wyrihte faber, Mk. Skt

Linked entry: werta

ge-seón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-seón, [For first two lines substitute: <b>ge-seón,</b> ge-sión, ic-seó, -sió, -sié, þú-sihst, -siehst, -syhst, -syxt, hé-sihþ, -siehð, -seohþ, -syhþ, -seóþ, pl. -seóþ, -sióþ; p. ic, hé -seah, -seh, þú-sáwe, -sége, pl. -sáwon, -ségon, -seágon, -sǽgon ; imp. -seoh, -seah, pl. -seóþ; subj. prs. ic-seó, -sió, -sié ; p. -sáwe, -sége; pp. -sewen, -seowen, -segen, -seogen, -sawen (-sáw- ?). Northern and Mercian forms: ge-seá, -seán, -sión, ic -seóm, -sióm, -siúm, þú -siist, -síst, -seǽs, hé -siið, -siis, -síþ, -sís ; pl. -seáþ, -siáþ, -seás ; p. ic, hé -sæh, -sægh, -seh, þu -sége, pl. -ségon, -sǽgon ; imp. -sæh, -sægh, -seh, -sech, -sih, pl. -seaeþ, -siáþ; subj. prs. -sé, -see, -sié, -sii,pl. sén; p. -sége ; part. prs. -siónde, -siénde, -séende, -segende ; pp. -segen, -segn, -séen To see.]
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Add Þú gesége crevisti, geseah crevit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 20, 54, 55. to have the faculty of vision, to exercise that faculty. literal Ne gesyhþ sé nǽfre he will remain blind for ever. Bl. H. 153, 22. Hé sóna geseh he at once recovered his sight, 15, 27.

niht

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Add Leóht niht þǽr on sumera bið, Bd. 1. 1; Sch. 9, 16. Ðú settes ðeóstru and geworden wæs naeht (nyht, Ps. Rdr.), Ps. Srt. 103, 20. Nípende niht, B. 649. Niht helmade, brúnwann oferbrǽd beorgas steápe, An. 1307. Niht bið wedera þeóstrost, Sal. 310.

wín-geard

(n.)
Grammar
wín-geard, -eard, es; m.

a vineyard ⬩ a place where vines grow ⬩ the vines growing in such a place ⬩ vinea ⬩ a place where other plants than vines grow ⬩ a vine ⬩ vitis ⬩ vinea

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a vineyard, a place where vines grow, the vines growing in such a place; vinea Hé út eode áhýrian wyrhtan on his wíngeard (-eard, v. l.)...Hé ásende hig on hys wíngeard (-eard, v. l. )... Ðá sǽde se wíngeardes (ðære wíngearde, Lind.) hlaford, Mt. Kmbl

Linked entries: wín-eard wíngeard-bóh

hors

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Add: a horse, as a general term Hors sonipes, wildecynnes hors equifer, Wrt. Voc. i. 23, 3-4. Hors hnǽgð equus hinnit, Ælfc. Gr. Z. 129, 2. Gif hors on hricge oððe on þám bógum áwyrd sý, Lch. i. 290, 10. Wearð his hors ofslagen þe hé on sæt the horse

CORN

(n.)
Grammar
CORN, es; n.

CORN ⬩ a grain ⬩ seed ⬩ berry ⬩ frumentum ⬩ granum ⬩ bacca ⬩ a hard or cornlike pimple ⬩ a corn ⬩ kernel on the feet ⬩ pustula ⬩ clavus

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CORN, a grain, seed, berry; frumentum, granum, bacca Corn frumentum Ælfc. Gl. 59; Som. 67, 122; Wrt. Voc. 38, 44. Wæs corn swá dýre, swá nán man ǽr ne gemunde corn was so dear, as no man before remembered it Chr. 1044; Erl. 168, 21; Homl. Th. ii. 68,

dæg

(n.)
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Dele daga, an; m., and add: inst. dæg, dæge; pl. gen. daga, dagena. day, period of twenty-four hours Wé habbað oft gehýred þæt men hátað þysne dæg geáres dæg, swylce þes dæg fyrmest sý on geáres ymbryne, Hml. Th. i. 98, 17. Ys on bócum geteald tó ánumdæge

land-riht

(n.)
Grammar
land-riht, es; n.
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the law of the land, the rights and privileges belonging to the inhabitant of a country or to the owner of land[?] Londrihtes mót ðære mǽgburge monna ǽghwilc ídel hweorfan shall each man of the family wander lacking the rights of those who live in the

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
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Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

gift

(n.; v.; part.)
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Add: es; n. (m. ? Cf. ǽrist for gender). a giving, restoring Hwæþer magon rihtwísra manna sáwla beón onfangene in heofonas ǽr þǽre gyfte and geedníwunge þára líchamana on dómes dæge ( ante restitutionem corporum ), Gr. D. 295, ii. v. æ-, ed-, freót,

wíd

(adj.)
Grammar
wíd, adj.
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in reference to the dimensions of an object, wide, of (a certain) width Se arc wæs fíftig fæðma wíd, Boutr. Scrd. 21, 4. Fær gewyrc fiftiges wíd, ðrittiges heáh, þreó hund lang elngemeta, Cd. Th. 79, 7; Gen. 1307. Wite ðú hú wíd and síd helheoðo dreórig

samod

(adv.)
Grammar
samod, adv.

Together. ⬩ and, both . . . and, also, too

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Together. marking association in joint action Ealle hí áhyldon samod onnitte gewordene sint omnes declinaverunt, simul inutiles facti sunt, Ps. Spl. 13, 4. Ða unrihtwísan forweorðaþ samod (simul) 36, 40. Cumaþ út samod Ilfing and Wisle (the two rivers

ge-mynd

(n.)
Grammar
ge-mynd, es; n: e; f.

Mind, memory, memorial, memento, remembrance, commemoration ⬩ remembrance

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Mind, memory, memorial, memento, remembrance, commemoration He fæste on gemynde hæfde he had fast in mind; memoriter retinuit, Bd. 4, 24; S. 597, 26. Gecerre hine to his gemynde let him have recourse to his memory, Bt. 35, 1; Fox 156, 10. Ðæs mannes

Linked entries: ge-myndleás ge-mend ge-mind

pening

Entry preview:

[In l. 4 hymenis is a corruption of nummi s(ervire), as the gloss at Wrt. Voc. ii. 96, 71 belongs to Ald. 207, 5: Semper avaritiae nummi servire volentem.] Add Smeágað sume men hwæt se pening (pænig, penig, v. ll.) getácnige, Hml, A. 44, 505. Hig of

lecgan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Under dele 'L. Eth.', and add: to cause to take a horizontal position Swá swá gód scipstýra hǽt fealdan ꝥsegl and eác hwílum lecgan þone mæst, Bt. 41, 3; F. 250, 15. <b>I a.</b> to fell a person, slay :-- Gif hine hwá lecge binnan þǽm fyrste

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