Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

sand-land

(n.)

the sea-shore

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the sea-shore Se hærnflota ( the ship ) æfter sundplegan sondlond gespearn, grond wið greóte, Exon. 182, 11; Gú. 1308

bí-rihte

(prep.)
Grammar
bí-rihte, -ryhte; prep. dat.

Near, close by ⬩ juxta

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Near, close by; juxta Geseh he on greóte gingran síne bíryhte [Kmbl. birihte] him swefan on slǽpe he saw his disciples near him slumbering in sleep on the sand, Andr. Recd. 1699; An. 850

reónig

(adj.)
Grammar
reónig, ;adj.;

Mournful, sad, gloomy, weary;

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Hé ðǽr þreó métte in ðam reónian hofe ( ;in the hole in which they were buried; ) róda ætsomne greóte begrauene, 1664; El. 834. In ðam reóngan hám ;in that gloomy dwelling (hell),; Exon. Th. 274, 8; Jul. 530

GRINDAN

(v.)
Grammar
GRINDAN, gryndan; part. grindende, ic grinde, grynde, ðú grintst, grinst, he grint, pl. grindaþ; p. ic, he grand, grond, ðú grunde, pl. grundon; pp. grunden
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To GRIND, grind together, rub, rub together; molere, commolere, terere, frendere, allidi, collidi Ic seah searo grindan wið greóte I saw a machine grind against the dust, Exon. 108 b; Th. 414, 30; Rä. 33, 4. Ic grynde molo, Ælfc.

flǽsc-hama

(n.)
Grammar
flǽsc-hama, -homa, an; m.

Flesh-covering ⬩ the body ⬩ a carcase ⬩ carnis tegmen ⬩ corpus

Entry preview:

Lǽgon on greóte fǽgra flǽschaman the carcases of the slain lay on the sand, 2171; An. 1087

Linked entry: ge-flǽschamod

ge-bleód

(part.)
Grammar
ge-bleód, -bliód; part. [ge-, bleoh, bleó a colour, hue, complexion]

Coloured ⬩ of different colours ⬩ variegated ⬩ gifted with beauty ⬩ beautiful in countenance ⬩ colōrātus ⬩ versĭcŏlor ⬩ spĕcie prædītus ⬩ aspectu formātus

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Coloured, of different colours, variegated, gifted with beauty, beautiful in countenance; colōrātus, versĭcŏlor, spĕcie prædītus, aspectu formātus Ða wyrta greówon, mid menigfealdum blóstmum mislíce gebleóde the plants grew, diversely coloured with manifold

Linked entries: -bleód ge-bliód

gǽsne

(adj.)
Grammar
gǽsne, gesne, geásne, gésine; adj.

Barren ⬩ sterile ⬩ empty ⬩ wanting ⬩ void of ⬩ lifeless ⬩ stĕrĭlis ⬩ inānis ⬩ ĕgēnus ⬩ destĭtūtus ⬩ expers ⬩ exănĭmis

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Hirdas lǽgon gǽsne on greóte the keepers lay lifeless on the sand, Andr. Kmbl. 2169; An. 1086. v. Grm. Andr. Elen. p. 124, 1085 : Graff. IV. 267

Linked entry: gésne

BLÓWAN

(v.)
Grammar
BLÓWAN, part. blówende; ic blówe, ðú blówest, bléwst, he blóweþ, bléwþ, pl. blówaþ; p. ic, he bleów, ðú bleówe, pl. bleówon; pp. blówen; v. n.

to BLOW, flourish, bloom, blossom ⬩ florere, efflorere, reflorere ⬩ to be in full vigour or bloom ⬩ to burst, blossom

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Aarones gyrd greów and bleów and bær hnyte Aaron's rod grew and blossomed and bare nuts, Homl. Th. ii. 8, 18. Bleów flǽsc mín refloruit caro mea, Ps. Lamb. 27, 7.

á-wegan

to carry off ⬩ to put away ⬩ renounce ⬩ to weigh. ⬩ to put in a balance ⬩ to estimate ⬩ consider ⬩ to be equal in weight to

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Add: to carry off Hé hét delfan his byrgene and þæt greót út áwegan, Hml. Th. i. 74, 25. Helias wæs mid cræte up áwegen, 308, 16. Upp áwegen evulsa, Gr. D. 213, 27. Áwegen evectus, sublevatus, An. Ox. 1440. I a. to put away, renounce (?)

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
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the, vide Þ, þ. The indigenous Pagan alphabet of our Anglo-Saxon forefathers, called Runes, it must be particularly observed, not only represents our letters, but the names of the letters are significant. The Runes are chiefly formed by straight lines

on-stellan

(v.)

to institute, give rise to, set on foot, bring in, be the author of, set (an example)

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to institute, give rise to, set on foot, bring in, be the author of, set (an example) Ðú scealt greót etan swá ðú wróhte onstealdest thou (the serpent) hast brought sin into the world, Cd. Th. 56, 12; Gen. 911: 57, 22; Gen. 932.

Linked entry: an-stellan

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
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Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

faroþ

(n.)
Grammar
faroþ, faroþ, es; m.

ocean ⬩ waves ⬩ shore

Entry preview:

Brimþisan æt sæ-acute;s faroðe sécan, 1660. the land bordering the sea, shore Hé on greóte stód, fús on faroðe, An. 255. [Perhaps some passages given under I.should be taken here.]

ETAN

(v.)
Grammar
ETAN, to etanne; part. etende; ic ete, ðú etest, etst, itst, ytst, ætst, he, heó, hit, yt, ytt, et, ett, eteþ, ieteþ, iteþ, yteþ, pl. etaþ; p. ic, he æt, ðú ǽte, pl. ǽton; subj. indef. ic ete, æte, pl. eten; p. ǽte, pl. ǽten; pp. eten; v.a.

EAT, consume, devour ⬩ ĕdĕre, cŏmĕdĕre, mandūcāre, vescĕre

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To EAT, consume, devour; ĕdĕre, cŏmĕdĕre, mandūcāre, vescĕre Ðú scealt greót etan thou shalt eat dust [grit ], Cd. 43; Th. 56, 9; Gen. 909: 43; Th. 57, 28; Gen. 935.

Linked entries: æt ǽt ǽton ǽtten eotendan

wá

(adv.; int.)

Woe ⬩ ill ⬩ woe ⬩ alas ⬩ vae, ⬩ well-a-way ⬩ well-a-day ⬩ ah ⬩ vah

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Wá lá wá hú ic greów..., wá lá on hú micelre genihtsumnysse ic hwílum wæs, Homl. Skt. ii. 30, 189-193. Wá lá wá ðæt is sárlíc heu, pros dolor! Bd. 2, 1; S. 501, 14.

Linked entries: eów waa wǽ

nealles

(adv.)
Grammar
nealles, nalles, nallæs, nallas, nales, nalæs, nalas; adv.

Not ⬩ not at all

Entry preview:

Hwæðere him on ferhþe greów breósthord blódreów, nallas beágas geaf, Beo. Th. 3443; B. 1719: 3503; B. 1749. Ic feówer men geseó tó sóðe, nales mé selfa [sefa?] leógeþ, Cd. Th. 242, 9; Dan. 416.

Linked entry: nalas

weorþ-líce

(adv.)
Grammar
weorþ-líce, weorþelíce; adv.
Entry preview:

Hí bráde weóxan weorðlíce wíde greówan multiplicati sunt nimis, Ps. Th. 106, 37. Ðú ymb ðínne esne dydest wel weorðlíce bonitatem fecisti cum servo tuo 118, 65.

ge-feallan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Þǽr on greót gefeóll se hýhsta dǽl, Jud. 308. Hwæt wæs on manríme ... dareðlácendra deádra gefeallen, El. 651. of material objects, buildings, &c. Þonne gefeallaþ ealle deófolgyld, Bl. H. 93, 16. Þæt hús nó gefeóll (-feáll, L.), Mt.

FǼGE

(adj.)
Grammar
FǼGE, def. se fǽga, seó, ðæt fǽge; comp. -ra; sup. -est; adj.

fated, doomed, destined ⬩ prŏpĕræ morti dēvōtus, cui mors immĭnet ⬩ dead, killed, slain ⬩ mortuus, occīsus ⬩ accursed, condemned ⬩ execrātus, damnātus

Entry preview:

Hirdas lǽgon gǽsne on greóte, fǽgra flǽschaman the keepers lay lifeless on the sand, the carcases of the slain, Andr. Kmbl. 2171; An. 1087.

searu

(n.)
Grammar
searu, searo, [w]e; f. : [w]es; n.
Entry preview:

Ic seah searo hweorfan, grindan wið greóte, giellende faran, Exon. Th. 414, 29; ä 33, 3. <b>IV a.</b> armour, equipment, arms :-- Beran beorht searo, Cd. Th. 191, 23; Exod. 219.

Linked entries: searo siru

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