Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

wer

(n.)
Grammar
wer, es; m.
Entry preview:

Fǽhðe ic wille on weras stǽlan, eall ácwellan ða beútan beóð earce bordum, Cd.

Linked entry: wíf

gildan

Entry preview:

Ungesawene þing mon mót mid áðe gewyrðan, and syþþan be þám gyldan, 356, 1-7. to pay for a criminal Gif hé ( an accused person ) ꝥ ordál forfleó, gilde se borh hine be his were, Ll.

ofer

(prep.)
Grammar
ofer, ofor; prep. adv.

with dat. generally with the idea of rest;above, overdenoting contact with anything, upon, ondenoting extension over, throughout, in, ondenoting a higher degree, beyond, more thandenoting the cause of an emotion, overdenoting the object over which power is exercisedwith the idea of movement, where the accusative might be expectedmarking time, after, beyond denoting motion in a definite direction across, to the other side of an objectdenoting motion which is diffused over a surfacedenoting extension through a space, throughout, amongdenoting motion from below, over, abovedenoting motion from above, upon, on denoting the object upon which an action or feeling takes effectdenoting the object over which power is exercisedabove, more thansupra, superbeyond, besidesultradenoting the passing over moral bounds, in violation of, in opposition to, contrary to, againstwith words implying rest(cf. to talk over)denoting the cause of an emotion (cf. I. 5)withoutwith words expressing time,afterthrough, during

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Hí wurpon heora waru ofor bord they cast their wares overboard, Homl. Th. i. 246, 2, 9. Ofer clif per praeceps (v.Mt. 8, 32, where the swine go over the cliffs edge), Wrt. Voc. ii. 72, 35. Ic út gange ofer mínre burge weall transgrediar murum, Ps.

Linked entries: ofer-bord ofer-sceótan

gán

to gowalkto move along, proceedto take a specified course to be guideddeterminedto be habitually in a specified conditionto gobe pregnantto pass, elapseto happen, come to pass, take placeto pass, be currentto be accepted to have a specified issue turn out so and soto move away, depart to relinquishto take one's way, proceedgomove in a specified directiongoandto applybetake oneselfto turnbetake oneselfgoto be carried, moved, impelledto pass, be paid, be allottedto be appropriatedto be one of the constituent elements be amongst the conditions requisiteto amount, be equivalentto attain, reach, extendto come to take precedence of.to produce, came out withto accompany, be withto be uttered to begin, startto go to the closet, have an evacuationto leave a permanent habitationoccupation to proceed to the business of a court

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Lbmn. 414, 2. by a substantive (with on) denoting function in which the subject is to be employed Gá seó mǽgð him on borh, Ll.

EAL

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
EAL, eall; gen. m. n. ealles; f.ealre , eallre ; dat. m. n. eallum ; f.ealre , eallre ; acc. m. ealne, eallne. f ealle, n. eal; inst. ealle; pl. nom. acc. ealle, ealla; gen. ealra, eallra; dat. eallum;

sometimes used indeclwithout substantive, and sometimes governing the genitiveare sometimes used, almost adverbially

Entry preview:

Eal wæs ðæt mearcland the border-land was all, Andr. Kmbl. 37; An. 19. Ealles ðú ðæs wíte awunne for all this thou hast obtained suffering, Exon. 39 b; Th. 130, 18; Gú. 440. Ealra we healdaþ sancta symbel we keep the feast of all the saints, Menol.

Linked entries: al all eall

LǼDAN

(v.)
Grammar
LǼDAN, p. de; pp. lǽded, lǽd

TO LEADconducttakecarrybringbring forthproduce

Entry preview:

Þuhte mé ðæt ic gesáwe treów on lyft lǽdan methought that I, saw a tree borne aloft, Rood Kmbl. 9; Kr. 5. Wudu mót him weaxan tánum lǽdan wood may grow, be productive of twigs, Exon. 119 b; Th. 458, 23; Hy. Grn. ii. 285, 105.

Linked entry: be-lǽdan

þanc

(n.)
Grammar
þanc, es; m.
Entry preview:

Him wíf sunu on þanc gebær to his delight his wife bore him a son, 167, 31; Gen. 2774. Ic ðé on hleóðre hearpan gecwéme . . . Ic ðé on þanc móte sealmas singan, Ps. Th. 107, 3 : Andr. Kmbl. 3242; An. 1624. On þonc, Exon. Th. 402, 7; Rä. 21, 26.

Linked entries: þancung þonc

þeóf

(n.)
Grammar
þeóf, es; m.
Entry preview:

. ¶ The passage last cited suggests a state of society in which property was not very secure, and the suggestion seems borne out by the many passages, dealing with thieves, that are to be found in the Laws.

Linked entry: þeáf

for

beforein front ofbeforesinceagoforfromthroughon account offorfromthroughinstead of in place ofin exchange forin return forin expiation ofin redemption foron behalf ofin support ofin respect toin relation toas regardsagainstfromin spite ofnotwithstandingin accordance withaccording toas representative offorto takein compensation foras punishment forfor the sake ofon behalf of for the benefit ofAs representative of

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Berað bord for breóstum, Jud. & pound; 92. before a person, or the eyes of a person, within sight or hearing of Þæt wíf geseah for Abrahame Ismael plegan, Gen. 2778. Him Abraham and-swarode for eorlum, 2137.

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
Entry preview:

But, after all, it must be borne in mind, that the various shades of its meaning are innumerable, and that, even in one and the same compound, it often assumes different meanings.

on

(prep.)
Grammar
on, an ; prep. adv. A.

expressing local relations, rest upon and contact with an object, ondependence upon an objectextension over a surfacenearnessin or at a place, or with a personrest where one object is contained in another, or is surrounded by others, within, among; and metaphorically inmarking the seat of feeling, thought, etc., in, within, at on, at, in within, in the course of, in, during on, a-fromon, in, at by, with of, consisting of or inin respect to, in the matter of, inin, ofat (a distance), of (the weight of),with, inin accordance withofinmotion, actual or figurative, which is external to the object expressed by the word which on governs, upon, on, on to, tomarking motion from without to the inside, into, among continuously, together, anon, at once expressing temporal relations,on, in, atinto (one's power, etc. )against in accordance withmarking the object of thought, emotion, speech, trust, sightmarking pricein (the name of), by (in adjuration)

Entry preview:

On ðæt steór-bord . . . on ðæt bæcbord on the starboard . . . on the larboard, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 17, 10-11. denoting conjunction (in the phrase on án), continuously, together, anon, at once Feówertig daga and feówertig nihta on án, Gen. 7, 12: Homl.

Linked entries: an un-reordian

hláford

a rulersovereigngovernorcaptaina mastera major-domoan ownera proprietora husbandthe husbanda rulerlord

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Gif wíteþeów hine forstalie, hó hine mon, and ne gylde his hláforde, 118, 7. the male head of a household, the master of domestics Hæbbe ǽlc hláford his híredmen on his ágenum borge. Ll. Th. i. 394, 27.

byrgen

(n.)
Grammar
byrgen, byrgenn, birgen, byrigen, burgen, e; f. [beorg tumulus]
Entry preview:

Him ðá gegiredon Geáta leóde ád unwáclícne, helm-behongen, hilde bordum, and beorhtum byrnum the people of the Goths then raised for him a mighty funeral pile, hung with helmets, shields, and bright breast-plates, 6265-6271; B. 3137-3140.

ymb

(prep.)
Grammar
ymb, ymbe, umbe, embe, emban; prep.
Entry preview:

Th. 127, 4. marking an object along whose border others are placed Unc módige ymb mearce sittaþ, Cd. Th. 114, 21; Gen. 1907. Hié wícedon ymb ðæs wæteres wylm, Elen. Kmbl. 77; El. 39: 271; El. 136: Exon. Th. 188, 2; Az. 39.

þegen

(n.)
Grammar
þegen, þegn, þeng, þén, es; m.
Entry preview:

.), Ors. 5, 4; Swt. 224, 24. a person of rank, one of a class higher than the ordinary freeman (ceorl). v. þegen-boren Þegn primas, Wrt. Voc. i. 42, 14. Ðegn optimas, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 25; Zup. 50, 3.

sculan

(v.)
Grammar
sculan,  sceolan; ic, hé sceal, scal, ðú scealt, pl. wé sculon, sceolon ; p. sceolde, scolde, scealde, scalde; subj.
Entry preview:

Gif hwá óðrum scyle (scule) borh oððon bóte, gelǽste hit georne, L. Eth. v. 20; Th. i. 308, 31. [Cf. Uoryef me þet ich þe ssel, Ayenb. 115, 29.

Linked entries: ge-scola sceal

(prep.)
Grammar
tó, prep. adv.

to, atso as to producebecometo (the satisfaction, etc. )to some end,for some purposefornext to,at,by,alongsidein,onnext toaftertoasfortoasforat,inof,fromto (in to do something to anything)according to,at,aftercompared to,in comparison with,besidein addition to,besidesfor,atto be sufferedatin the course of,in,onfor,duringtoto,forin,atto the extent,to such a degreeto,up to,until,tillat,in,onin addition,besides,tootoo

Entry preview:

Hé up áhóf bord tó gebeorge, Byrht. Th. 135, 40; By. 131. Hié tó gebede feóllon they fell down to pray, Cd. Th. 48, 18; Gen. 777: Andr. Kmbl. 2054; An. 1029. Hé genam on eallum dǽl ǽhtum sínum tó ðam gielde, Cd. Th. 90; Gen. 1501: 175, 6; Gen. 2891.

Linked entry: -anne

habban

Grammar
habban, A.
Entry preview:

Hæbbe ǽlc hláford his hírédmen on his ágenon borge, 282, 9. Þá hwíle be we ꝥ líf on úrun gewealde habban, Bl. H. 101, 11.

BEGEN

(num.; adj.; pronoun.)

Bothambobothamboambæambobothambo et ambæ vel ambæ et amboof bothamborumambarumamborumto bothambobusambabusambobusbothambosambasambobothambos et ambas velambas et ambwithby bothambobusambabusambobus

Entry preview:

Grammar BEGEN, nom. m. only Both; ambo Grammar BEGEN, Adj. pron. pl Híg feallaþ begen on ǽnne pytt ambo in foveam cadunt Mt. Bos. 15, 14. Wit wǽron begen ðá git on geógoþfeore we [Beowulf and Breca] were both yet in youthful life Beo. Th. 1077; B. 536

(num.; adj.; pronoun.)

bothambo

Entry preview:

both; ambo, Ps. Th. 103, 9; nom. pl. = bú, bá. Similar entries v. begen