Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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ge-slǽpan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-slǽpan, -slépan, -slépian [in the Northern glosses of the Gospels the verb is weak]
Entry preview:

to sleep He geslépde dormiebat, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 8, 24. Geslépedon alle and geslépdon dormitaverunt omnes et dormierunt, 25, 5

wealh

(n.)
Grammar
wealh, gen. weales; m.

a foreigner ⬩ properly a Celt ⬩ a Celt of Britain; the word occurs mostly in pl., ⬩ the British ⬩ the Welsh ⬩ Wales ⬩ a Roman ⬩ a slave ⬩ servant ⬩ a shameless person

Entry preview:

Cf. the derivation of slave from the name of a people Mín weal sprecð meum mancipium loquitur, mines weales sunu, mínum weale ic timbrige hús, mínne weal ic beládige, eá lá ðú mín weal, sáw wel, fram mínum weale ic underféng fela gód, mine wealas (mancipia

þurfan

(v.)
Grammar
þurfan, prs. ic, he þearf, ðú þearft, pl. wé þurfon; p. þorfte; subj. prs. is þurfe, þyrfe, pl. þurfen, þyrfen; prs. ptcpl. þurfende, þyrfende

To need ⬩ to be in need ⬩ have need of something ⬩ to need to do something ⬩ to be bound to do something because it is right ⬩ to be obliged ⬩ be compelled by destiny ⬩ to have good cause or reason for doing something ⬩ to be use, to be good for a person to do something ⬩ to owe

Entry preview:

Ðý læs wé leng sprecen ymbe ðonne wé þyrfon (wé ne þyrfen, Cott. MS.), Bt. 34, 2; Fox 136, 14. where the need is based on grounds of right, fitness, law, morality, etc., to be bound to do something because it is right, etc.

Linked entries: þearf ge-þurfan þyrfende

ge-tǽsan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-tǽsan, p. de; pp. ed [tǽsan to tease]
Entry preview:

To pluck, tease; carpĕre Nim wǽte wulle wel getǽsede take wet wool well teased, Herb. 178, 6; Lchdm. i. 312, 13

a-wéstan

(v.)
Grammar
a-wéstan, p. -wéste; pp. -wésted [-wéstd], -wést [a intensive, wéstan to waste]

To waste ⬩ lay waste ⬩ depopulate ⬩ ravage ⬩ destroy ⬩ vastare ⬩ devastare ⬩ desertum facere ⬩ desolare

Entry preview:

To waste, lay waste, depopulate, ravage, destroy; vastare, devastare, desertum facere, desolare Hí awéste eam vastavit, Jos. 10, 39. Hí ealle Ægypta awéston they laid waste all Egypt, Ors. 1, 10; Bos. 32, 26. Troia awésted wæs Troy was laid waste, 2,

Linked entries: a-wǽstan a-wést a-wéstendnes

ge-weder

(n.)
Grammar
ge-weder, -wider, -wyder, es; pl. nom. acc. -wederu; n. [weder weather]

Weather ⬩ the temperature of the air ⬩ tempestas ⬩ cæli tempĕries

Entry preview:

Weather, the temperature of the air; tempestas, cæli tempĕries Se sceortigenda dæg hæfþ líðran gewederu ðonne se langienda dæg the shortening day hath milder weather than the lengthening day, Bd. de nat. rerum; Wrt. popl. science 9, 21; Lchdm. iii. 252

Linked entries: ge-wider ge-wyder

weall

(n.)
Grammar
weall, es; m.

a wall that is made, ⬩ wall of a building, of a town, ⬩ side of a cave ⬩ a natural wall ⬩ a steep hill ⬩ a cliff.

Entry preview:

Of wealle ( the sea-cliff ) geseah weard, se ðe holmclifu healdan scolde, 463; B. 229. Winneþ wǽg wið wealle, Exon. Th. 383, 33; Rä. 4, 20. Ǽniges monnes wíg forbúgan oððe on weal fleón ( flee to the hill ) líce beorgan, Vald. 1, 15.

Linked entries: æt-foran-weall wala weal weall-clif weall-steáp

twi-hynde

(adj.)
Grammar
twi-hynde, adj. As applied to a person, of a rank for which the wergild was two hundred shillings; applied to the wergild, that must be paid for a person of such rank. As will be seen from the passages given below, the twihynde man was a
Entry preview:

Twyhyndes mannes wer is twá hund sciłł. ( the article then deals with the case of the former, and concludes: Eal man sceal æt cyrliscum were be ðære mǽðe dón, ðe him tó gebyreþ, swá wé be twelfhyndum tealdan.

denu

Grammar
denu, [Though a nominative dene occurs weak forms of the oblique cases are not found.]
Entry preview:

Denu myrtea, Wrt. Voc. ii. 57, 20. On middan þǽre dene, Iosaphaf. Seó dene is betwux þǽre dúne Sion and þám munte Oliueta, Hml. Th. i. 440, 15. Án ðeóstorful dene, ii. 338, 5. Bituih iúih and úsih dene micel ( chaos magnum ) gefæstnad is, Lk. L. 16, 26

fæderen-cnósl

(n.)
Grammar
fæderen-cnósl, fædren-cnósl, es; n. [cnósl a race, kin]

A paternal race, father's kin ⬩ păterna prōgĕnies, părentēla

Entry preview:

A paternal race, father's kin; păterna prōgĕnies, părentēla Be ðæs fædrencnósles wére according to the 'wer' of the father's kin, L. Alf. pol. 9; Th. i. 68, 2

Linked entry: fædren-cnósl

stregdan

(v.)
Grammar
stregdan, [There are two verbs of this form, a strong and a weak. The conjugation is further complicated by the frequent loss of g, so that forms of the strong verb are found (?) belonging to two classes (cf. bregdan): while in the Northern Gospels strong and weak inflections are combined in the same word. The two verbs are here put together] ; ic stregde, strigde, stréde, hé stregdeþ, strigdeþ, strét; p. (strong) strægd, pl. strugdon and strǽdon (v. strédun, Mk. 11, 8: but the form may be weak = strægdon) : (weak) stregde, strédde, strugde (North.); pp. (strong) strogden : (weak) stregd, stréded, stréd
Entry preview:

Sió mængu strægdun hrægl heora on ðæm wege, sume telgran strægdun on ðæm wege, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 21, 8. Nim ðæs hornes acxan and stréd, Lchdm. i. 334, 17. Stréd on hálig wæter sprinkle holy water on, iii. 56, II, 18.

Linked entries: strédan strégan

weardian

(v.)
Grammar
weardian, p.ode.

to guard, keep, defend ⬩ with gen. (cf. O. Sax. wardón with gen. to have charge of something) ⬩ to act as guardian to, to rule ⬩ to keep, have charge of ⬩ to hold a country, to occupy a place, inhabit. ⬩ in the phrases lást, swaðe weardian to keep a track, ⬩ to follow ⬩ to remain behind

Entry preview:

[Sicnesse wardeð toȝein þeo sunnen þet weren touwardes, A. R. 182, 14. Wel heo wardith heom bothe, Alis. 909. Þilke tyme þat Samuel þe prophete wardede (ruled) þat folc of Israel, R. Glouc. 27, 16

Linked entries: ge-weardian weardere

wenn

(n.)
Grammar
wenn, es; m. A wen: — Eágan wenn impetigo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 45, 39 : i. 43, 62. Wið wenne (τύλος) on eágon, Lchdm. ii. 34, 9. Wænne, 34, 3. Wiþ sceótendum wenne, 324, 25. Gif men synd wænnas ge*-*wunod on ðæt heáfod foran oððe on ða eágan, iii. 46, 21. Sealf wið wennas, 12, 22. Wið wennas æt mannes heortan, 40, 4.

Linked entry: wæn

wǽgan

(v.)
Grammar
wǽgan, p. de

To deceive ⬩ delude

Entry preview:

Wégð mentitur, Kent. Gl. 414: fallit, 933. Gif hwylc bróðor wǽgð and misféhð on boduncge sealma oðþe rǽdincge si quis dum pronuntiat psalmum fallitur lectionem, R. Ben. 71, 5. Gesuicas ł wǽges mentientes, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 5, 11.

rest

Grammar
rest, [In Bl. H. 11, 16, 19 the word seems to be of the weak declension.]
Entry preview:

Add [Niht]licere ræste nocturnae quieti ł somno, An. Ox. 2197. add Þín gást bið on heofonum, and þín rest ne losað nǽfre on worulde, Hml. S. 15, 67. Hé æfter þám gereordum ræste séceð, dýgle stówe under dúnscræfum, Pa. 36. Ðeáh þe þá rícestan hátan

ferde

(v.; part.)
Grammar
ferde, pl. ferdon went,
  • Bd. 2, 9
    • ;
  • S. 512, 5: Chr. 737
    • ;
  • Erl. 47, 22
    • ;
p.
Entry preview:

of feran

tó-sceádan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-sceádan, -scádan; p. -scéd, -sceád (in the Northern Gospels weak forms are found, and -sceádde occurs in Bede); pp. -sceáden.
Entry preview:

Mid ðære nose wé tósceádaþ ( discernimus ) stencas, Past. 11; Swt. 65, 20. Is micel niédðearf ðæt se reccere ða ðeáwas and ða unðeáwas cunne wel tóscádan necesse est, ut rector animarum virtutes ac vitia vigilanti cura discernat, 20; Swt. 149, 17.

Linked entries: tó-gesceádan tó-scádan sceádan

a-weorpan

(v.)
Grammar
a-weorpan, -wurpan, -wyrpan ; ðú -wyrpst, he -wyrpþ ; p. ic, he -wearp, ðú -wurpe, pl. -wurpon; impert. -weorp, -wurp, -wyrp ðú; pp. -worpen; v. a. [a from, weorpan to throw]

To throw or cast from or down ⬩ to cast away or off ⬩ cast out ⬩ to degrade ⬩ reject ⬩ divorce ⬩ abjicere ⬩ dejicere ⬩ projicere ⬩ ejicere ⬩ propellere ⬩ repellere ⬩ reprobare ⬩ repudiare

Entry preview:

To throw or cast from or down, to cast away or off, cast out, to degrade, reject, divorce; abjicere, dejicere, projicere, ejicere, propellere, repellere, reprobare, repudiare Ðæt he ðec aweorpe of woruldríce that he shall cast thee from thy worldly kingdom

Linked entries: a-werpan a-worpen a-wurpan a-wurpon a-wyrpan

-hám

(suffix)
Grammar
-hám, es; m. 'The Latin word which appears most nearly to translate it is vicus, and it seems to be identical in form with the Greek κώμη. In this sense it is the general assemblage of the dwellings in each particular district, to which the arable land and pasture of the community were appurtenant, the home of all the settlers in a separate and well defined locality, the collection of the houses of the freemen. Whenever we can assure ourselves that the vowel is long, we may be certain that the name implies such a village or community,' Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. iii. xxviii-ix. The distinction between -ham and -hám seems to have been lost before the Norman Conquest, as in the Chronicle one MS. has tó Buccingahamme, another
Entry preview:

tó Buccingahám, 918; Th. i. 190, col. 1, 2, l. 21

ge-beorþor

(n.)
Grammar
ge-beorþor, g. -beorþres; n. [ge-, beorþor child-birth]

A birth ⬩ nātus

Entry preview:

A birth; nātus Þurh ða burþran we wǽron gehǽlde, and þurh ðæt gebeorþor we wurdon alýsde through the issue we were saved, and through the birth we were redeemed, Homl. Blickl. 105, 21

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