Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
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fóre-steppan

(v.)
Grammar
fóre-steppan, -stæppan, ic -steppe, -stæppe, he -stepþ, pl. -steppaþ, -stæppaþ; p. -stepede = -stepte ? pp. -steped = -stept ?

To step or come before ⬩ to prevent ⬩ go before ⬩ precede ⬩ prægrĕdi ⬩ prævĕnīre ⬩ antĭcĭpāre ⬩ præcēdĕre

Entry preview:

Ic fórestæppe præcēdo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 4; Som. 31, 30. Mildheortnys and sóþfæstnys fóresteppaþ [Lamb. fórestæppaþ] ansýne ðíne miserĭcordia et vērĭtas præcēdent făciem tuam, Ps. Spl. 88, 15

Linked entry: fóre-stæppan

E

Grammar
E, Anglo-Saxon words, containing the short or unaccented vowel e, are often represented by modern English words of the same meaning, having the sound of e in
Entry preview:

Göttingen, small 8vo. 1822, vol. i. pp. 229, 230: 3rd Edit. small 8vo. 1840, vol. i. pp. 361, 362, may be found useful, and are especially recommended to the student of Anglo-Saxon. it is, however, difficult to say when the e is long in Anglo-Saxon, but

an-bærnys

(n.)
Grammar
an-bærnys, on-bærnys, -nyss, e; f. [v. on-bærning, in-bærnis]

Incense ⬩ frankincense ⬩ incensum

Entry preview:

Incense, frankincense; incensum, thus Sý gereht gebéd mín swá swá anbærnys dirigatur oratio mea sicut incensum, Ps. Spl. 140, 2

baldor

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
baldor, es; m. [the comp. of bald is baldor more bold, courageous, honourable, hence]

A prince ⬩ ruler ⬩ princeps ⬩ dominus

Entry preview:

A prince, ruler; princeps, dominus thus, Gumena baldor a ruler of men, Cd. 128; Th. 163, 4; Gen. 2693: Judth. 9; Thw. 21, 8; Jud. 9. Rinca baldor, 12; Thw. 26, 21; Jud. 339. Wígena baldor a prince of warriors, 10; Thw. 22, 5; Jud. 49

Linked entry: bealdor

loxe

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
loxe, in loxanwudu,
  • Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 345, 5. Cf. [?] Grff. ii. 163
luhsa,

Linsa ⬩ lynx-wood

Entry preview:

Linsa [sylvestris, Gottheit] or loxan wudu = lynx-wood

greósan

(v.)
Grammar
greósan, ic greóse, ðú grýst, he grýst, pl. greósaþ; p. greás, pl. gruron; pp. groren
Entry preview:

To frighten

ge-lísnes

Grammar
ge-lísnes, redemption, v. ge-lésness in Dict. : <b>ge-lisþelicnis.</b>
Entry preview:

Dele, and see ge-hýþclicnes

hrýtan

(v.)
Grammar
hrýtan, to scatter. Dele, and see <b>hrútan;</b>

ǽht

Grammar
ǽht, In Ll. Th. i. 6, 3 the weak form, ealle ða ǽhtan, occurs, and a form not feminine, mínes ágenes ǽhtes,
  • 194, 16
    • .

what is owned, a possession ⬩ possession

Entry preview:

Ic hit ágnian wille tó ágenre ǽhte, 184, 5. of movables as opposed to land Hwǽm ic mines landes geunnen hæbbe and ealre mínre ǽhte C. D. iv. 55, 5. Fóe tó londe and tó ælre ǽhte, i. 234, 29. Hwílum be áre, hwílum be ǽhte, Ll. Th. i. 328, 12.

ge-lǽran

(v.)
Grammar
ge-lǽran, ic -lǽre, ðú -lǽrest, -lǽrst, he -lǽreþ, -lǽrþ, pl. -lǽraþ; p. -lǽrde; pp. -lǽred, -lǽrd

To teach ⬩ educate ⬩ instruct ⬩ advise ⬩ persuade ⬩ induce ⬩ dŏcēre ⬩ erŭdīre ⬩ persuādēre

Entry preview:

Ic eom gelǽred dŏceor; ðú eart gelǽrd dŏcēris; he is gelǽrd dŏcētur, 27; Som. 29, 21. Beóþ gelǽrede gé ðe démaþ eorþan erŭdīmĭni qui judĭcātis terram, Ps. Spl. 2, 10

Linked entry: ge-lǽred

FÓN

(v.)
Grammar
FÓN, to fónne; ic fó, ðú féhst, he féhþ, pl. fóþ; p. ic, he féng, ðú fénge, pl. féngon; impert. fóh, pl. fóþ; subj. pres. fó, pl. fón; p. fénge, pl. féngen; pp. fangen, fongen; v. trans.

To grasp ⬩ catch ⬩ seize ⬩ to seize with hostile intention ⬩ take ⬩ undertake ⬩ accept ⬩ receive ⬩ mănu comprehendĕre ⬩ captāre ⬩ căpĕre ⬩ accĭpĕre

Entry preview:

C. 30; Th. ii. 354, 2. Ðú féhst on uncúþe thou takest to the unknown, Bt. 35, 5; Fox 164, 16. Hér beóþ fangene seólas and hronas here are caught seals and dolphins, Bd. 1, 1; S. 473, 16.

am-byr

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
am-byr, gen. m. n. -byres; f. -byrre, -byre: dat. m. n. -byrum; f. -byrre, -byre: acc. m. -byrne; f. -byre; n. -byr; adj. [am even, equal, byr let it happen, from byrian to happen, pertain]. What is happening even or equal, —

Favourable ⬩ fair ⬩ æquus ⬩ secundus

Entry preview:

Favourable, fair; æquus, secundus Gyf man hæfde ambyrne wind if a man had a favourable wind, Ors. 1, 1; Bos. 21, 20

eardian

(v.)
Grammar
eardian, eardigan, eardigean, ærdian; part, eardiende, eardigende, eardende; ic eardige, ðú eardast, he eardaþ, pl. eardiaþ, eardigaþ; p. ode, ade, ede; pp. od, ad, ed.

To dwell, live, feed ⬩ habĭtāre ⬩ To inhabit ⬩ inhabĭtāre

Entry preview:

Loth ne dorste on ðam fæstenne leng eardigean Lot might not longer dwell in that fastness, Cd. 121; Th. 156, 19; Gen. 2591: Ps. Spl. C. 112, 8. Ic eardige, Ps. Th. 60, 3. Ðú eardast, Hy. 5, 1; Hy. Grn. ii. 285, l.

Linked entries: ærdian eordian

rignan

(v.)
Grammar
rignan, rínan; p. rínde. [A strong preterite occurs in the Blickling Gloss, rán pluit.
  • Cf.
In Elyes tyme heuene was yclosed þat no reyne ne rone (roon, MS. W.: roen, MS. R.: ron, MS. B.: raynade, MS. C.),
  • Piers P. 14, 62.
]

to rain, to cause rain to fall ⬩ to rain, to fall (of rain)

Entry preview:

to rain, to cause rain to fall, with the agent expressed Ic ríne pluo, Ælfc. Gr. 28; Som. 30, 53. Hé rýnde ofer synfullan grin, Ps. Spl. 10, 7.

Linked entries: regnian regnan rínan

DRECCAN

(v.)
Grammar
DRECCAN, dreccean, drecan,ic drecce , drece, ðú drecest, drecst, he dreceþ, drecþ, pl. dreccaþ, drecceaþ; p. [drechede = drehde = ] drehte, dreahte, pl.drehton, dreahton ; pp. [dreched = drehed = dreht, dreaht] dreht, dreaht

To vex, afflict, trouble, torture, torment ⬩ vexāre, affligĕre, tribulāre, turbāre, cruciāre

Entry preview:

Ic ðé bebeóde ðæt ðú nánum men ne drece I command thee that thou afflict no man, Homl. Th. ii. 296, 5.

fullian

(v.)
Grammar
fullian, fulligan, fulwian, to fullianne; part. fulligende; ic fullige, ðú fullast, he fullaþ, pl. fulliaþ; p. fullode, ede; pp. fullod, ed; v. trans.

To FULL or make white as a fuller ⬩ to baptize ⬩ albāre ⬩ candĭdum făcĕre ⬩ baptīzāre ⬩ βαπτίζειν

Entry preview:

Orm. ii. 626, 627. Dyppan is also used in the Rushworth Gloss

Linked entries: fulligan fulwian ge-fullian

CALAN

(v.)
Grammar
CALAN, ic cále, ðú calest, cælst, he caleþ, cælþ, pl. calaþ; p. cól, pl. cólon; pp. calen; v. intrans.
Entry preview:

To be or become cool or cold; algere, frigescere Ðonne him cælþ, he cépþ him hlywþe when he is cold, he betakes himself to shelter, Hexam. 20; Norm. 28, 22. Hwæðer ða wélgan ne ne cale do the rich never become cold? Bt. 26, 2; Fox 92, 34

Linked entries: a-calan cǽlan cald-heort caldu calian CEALD ceald cealdian célan cél-nes cílian of-calen cólian

sunor

(n.)
Grammar
sunor, (-er), e; f. A herd of swine, a sounder ('That men calleth a trip of a tame swyn is called of wylde swyn a soundre; that is to say, ȝif ther be passyd v. or vi. togedres.'—Halliwell's Dict.)
Entry preview:

Ða deóful bédun hinae: 'send úsic in ðás sunrae (suner, Lind. gregem ) swína.' . . . Eode all siu suner niþerweardes in sae, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 8, 30-32. Sunor . . . ðæt sunor, Lk. Skt. Lind. 8, 32, 33

Linked entry: suner

fóre-cuman

(v.)
Grammar
fóre-cuman, part. -cumende; ic -cume, ðú -cumest, -cymest, -cymst, he -cumeþ, -cymeþ, -cymþ, -cimþ, pl. -cumaþ; p. -com, -cwom, pl. -cómon, -cwómon; pp. -cumen

To come forth ⬩ come before ⬩ prevent ⬩ prævĕnire

Entry preview:

Ic fórecom oððe ic fórhradode on rípunga oððe on rípnysse prævēni in matūrĭtāte, Ps. Lamb. 118, 147. Ðú fórecóme hine on bletsunge swétnysse prævēnisti eum in benedictiōníĭbus dulcēdĭnis. Ps. Spl. 20, 3.

Linked entry: fóre-cymeþ

þreágan

(v.)
Grammar
þreágan, þreán, and þreáwian (v. þreápian); p. þreáde [in Bt. 38, 1; Fox 196, 7 a form occurs that might be a strong past of þreán, on the analogy of þweán, sleán Ðæt gewit wæs swíþe sorgiende for ðám ermþum ðe hí ðrógan; cf. the rendering of the same passage in the metres: Ðæt mód wæs swíðe sorgum gebunden for ðǽm earfoþum ðe him on sǽton,
  • Met. 26, 97.
But, perhaps, drugon should be read, as, Latin is:]; pp. þreád.

to reprove ⬩ rebuke ⬩ reproach ⬩ to punish one who deserves punishment ⬩ to chastise by way of discipline, with a view to amend ⬩ to chasten ⬩ correct ⬩ to torture ⬩ torment ⬩ afflict ⬩ distress ⬩ vex ⬩ oppress

Entry preview:

Spl. 89, 12. to punish one who deserves punishment, to chastise by way of discipline, with a view to amend, to chasten, correct Ða ðe ic lufige, ða ic ðreáge and beswinge, Homl. Th. i. 470, 26.

Linked entries: þreán þreiga ðrogan

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