Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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FÝR

(n.)
Grammar
FÝR, fír, es; n.

FIRE ⬩ a fire ⬩ hearth ⬩ ignis ⬩ fŏcus

Entry preview:

In fýres fæðm into the fire's embrace, Beo. Th. 372; B. 185. Fýres feng grasp of the fire, 3532; B. 1764.

Linked entries: fír fýryn

gár

a weapon with a pointed head ⬩ an arrow ⬩ the head ⬩ a wedge-shaped piece of land.

Entry preview:

On þæt fǽge folc flána scúras, gáras. . . hetend hildenǽdran þurh fingra geweald forð onsendan, El. 118. the head of a weapon Gár sceal on sceafte, ecg on sweorde and ord spere, Gn. Ex. 203.

LEÓHT

(n.)
Grammar
LEÓHT, líht, es; n.

LIGHT ⬩ a light

Entry preview:

Ðenden him leóht and gǽst somod fæst seón whilst he lives, Exon. 31 a; Th. 96, 27; Cri. 1580. Ðú eart dóhtor mín mínra eágna leóht thou art my daughter, the light of mine eyes, 67 a; Th. 248. 14; Jul. 95. Leóhtes leóhting lucubrum, Ælfc.

Linked entry: líht

ge-hæftan

Entry preview:

Sume weriað wísdómes streám, welerum gehæftað, ðæt hé út ne tóflóweð, 469, 3. to bind, fetter with material bonds Se geonga . . . gehæfted (cf. fetorwrásnum fæst, 1109), An. 1129. with non-material bonds Sé þe gehæft sié mid ðǽre unnyttan lufe þisse

sceamu

(n.)
Grammar
sceamu, e; f.

modesty, bashfulness ⬩ shame, confusion ⬩ what causes a feeling of shame, disgrace, shame ⬩ the private part

Entry preview:

(v. sceam-fæst, -full, -leás, -líc) what causes a feeling of shame, disgrace, shame Scoma obprobrium Rtl. 190, 29. Micel hýnþ and sceamu ( verecundia ) hyt ys men nelle wesan ðæt ðæt hé ys, and ðæt ðe hé wesan sceal, Coll. Monast. Th. 32, 3.

Linked entries: a-swǽrnung sceam-lim

díc

(n.)
Grammar
díc, e; f.

scrŏbis unde terram fodĕrant

Entry preview:

Binnon lytlum fæce wendon to Lundene; and dulfon ðá áne mycele díc, on ða súþ-healfe, and drógon heora scipa [scypo MS. Cot. Tiber. B. i; scipo MS. Cot. Tiber.

Linked entry: walu

nídan

(v.)
Grammar
nídan, p. de

To force ⬩ compel ⬩ urge

Entry preview:

Hé hié nýdde in fæðm fýres, Cd. Th. 230, 14; Dan. 233. Ða Egiptiscan nýddon ( urgebant ) ðæt folc út of hira lande, Ex. 12, 33. Ðá nýddon hine his yldran tó ðæm ðæt hé sceolde woroldlícum wǽpnum onfón, Blickl. Homl. 213, 1.

bí

(prep.)
Grammar
bí, prep. dat. [Bí is more frequently shortened into be. In compounds it is generally written be- or bi-; but bí- is long where it is used for big, or is a contraction, thus, - bí-spell for big-spell, and as bí-breád for beó-breád. v. be.]

By, near to, at, in, upon ⬩ juxta, prope, apud, in ⬩ Of, about ⬩ de, quoad ⬩ By, through, because of, after, according to, in comparison with ⬩ per, secundum, pro, ex

Entry preview:

Bí staðe fæste fast by the shore, Exon. 96 b; Th. 361, 11; Wal. 18. Hwearf bí bence turned by the bench, Beo. Th. 2380; B. 1188. dat.

þyrel

(n.)
Grammar
þyrel, (from þyrhel, v. þurh), þyrl, es; n.

A hole made through anything ⬩ an aperture ⬩ orifice

Entry preview:

Hé ðæt ísen sette on ðæt ylce þyrl, and hit fæste stód, Homl. Skt. i. 21, 71. Þyrel foramina, Wrt. Voc. ii. 149, 73. Þyrlum finistris, 148, 60. Ðyrelum foraminibus, Bd. 3, 17; S. 544, 30, col. 2. Ðurh ða ðyrlo, 544, 32, col. 1.

Linked entries: þirel þyrl

ge-teón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-teón, p. ge-teóde.
Entry preview:

Ex. 174. to appoint a person or thing to a course, &c. destine Wið þæs gecyndes þe hí Fæder æt frymðe fæste getióde (cf. þǽre gecynde ðe ǽlc gesceaft tó gesceapen wæs, Bt. 25; F. 88, 7), Met. 13, 13.

healf

(n.; num.)
Grammar
healf, e; f.

a half ⬩ side, part

Entry preview:

Gif ðú fǽrst tó ðære winstran hælfe ic healde ða swíðran healfe gif ðú ðonne ða swíðran healfe gecíst ic fare tó ðære winstran healfe if thou wilt take the left hand then I will go to the right hand; or if thou depart to the right hand then I will go

Linked entries: healfe half

CÚ

(n.)
Grammar
CÚ, nom. acc; gen. cúe, cú, cuus, cús; dat. cý; pl. nom. acc. cý; gen. cúa, cúna; dat. cuum, cúm; f.

A cow ⬩ vacca ⬩ bucula

Entry preview:

Ðú wást, ðæt ic hæbbe hnesce litlingas and ge-eáne eówa and gecelfe cý mid me nosti quod parvulos habeam teneros et oves et boves fætas mecum Gen. 33, 13; Cod. Dipl. 235; A. D. 835; Kmbl. i. 310, 18, 25, 27: 675; A. D. 990; Kmbl. iii. 255, 13

Linked entries: cuu folc-cú

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

weardian

(v.)
Grammar
weardian, p.ode.

to guard, keep, defend ⬩ with gen. (cf. O. Sax. wardón with gen. to have charge of something) ⬩ to act as guardian to, to rule ⬩ to keep, have charge of ⬩ to hold a country, to occupy a place, inhabit. ⬩ in the phrases lást, swaðe weardian to keep a track, ⬩ to follow ⬩ to remain behind

Entry preview:

Ðonne færð se deófol intó his móder innoðe, and ðǽr hé hine healt, and weardaþ inne, Wulfst. 193, 10. Hé heánne beám wunaþ and weardaþ, Exon. Th. 209, 17; Ph. 172. In ðam hálge wíc weardiaþ, 228, 34; Ph. 448.

Linked entries: ge-weardian weardere

beáh

(n.; part.)
Grammar
beáh, beág, bǽh, bég, béh; gen. beáges; dat. beáge; pl. beágas; m. [beáh, beág; p. of búgan to bend]

Metal made into circular ornaments ⬩ A ring ⬩ bracelet ⬩ collar ⬩ garland ⬩ crown ⬩ anulus ⬩ armilla ⬩ diadema ⬩ corona

Entry preview:

Gehwearf in Francna fæðm cyninges se beáh the collar of the king went into the grasp of the Franks, Beo. Th. 2427; B. 1211. Sceal bryde beág a ring shall be for a bride, Exon. 91a; Th. 341, 24; Gn. Ex. 131.

Linked entries: bǽg bǽh beág ge-bígan bég beáh-hyrne

mere

(n.)
Grammar
mere, mære, es; m. f(?).

the sea ⬩ a mere ⬩ lake ⬩ an artificial pool ⬩ cistern

Entry preview:

the sea (mer in mer-maid) Mere swíðe gráp on fǽge folc ( of the waters of the deluge ), Cd. 69; Th. 83, 18; Gen. 138. Mere ( the Red Sea ) stille bád, 158; Th. 197, 2; Exod. 300: 166; Th. 206, 27; Exod. 458.

Linked entries: mǽr-bróc mære mire

ge-hwǽde

Entry preview:

Hafað seó lǽsse smæle leáf and gehwǽde, and seó óðer hafað máran leáf and fǽtte, 264, 18. (I a) little, young :-- Se Hǽlend him tó clypode sum gehwǽde cild (parvulum ), Hml.

hám-weard

Entry preview:

I</b> Sé ðe þyder ( to church ) mid clǽnum móde færð . . . and tó Gode georne þencð . . ., hé þe blíðra mæg syððan hámwerd eft gewendan, Wlfst. 281, 24. a.

ǽrende

(adj.)

a message ⬩ an errand, a mission

Entry preview:

.; S. 472, 8. an errand, a mission Gif hwelc ríce mon on his hláfordes ǽrende færþ, cymþ ðonne on ælþeódig folc si quis multiplici consulatu functus in barbaras nationes devenerit, Bt. 27, 3; F. 98, 21.

Linked entry: ǽrend

burg

(n.)
Grammar
burg, burh, burhg, buruh (-ug, -ig), byrg, byrig; gen. byrig, burge, burhge, burcge; dat. byrg, byrig, byrh, burh; n. acc. pl. byrg, byrig, burh, burga, burha; gen. pl. burga, burha; dat. pl. burgum, burhum, byrgum.
Entry preview:

Ðá hé þá geseah ꝥ seó burh (buruh, burg, v.ll. ) wæs tó þan fæst ꝥ hé ne mihte hié ábrecan, hé áslát þá túnas ymb þá burhg onweg, Bd. 3, 16; Sch. 265, 5-14. Tó burge and tó wealle ad arcem et ad moenia, Kent. Gl. 287.

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