Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

ribb

Entry preview:

Cóm of ðǽm wætre án nǽdre . . . wearð hiere mid ánum wierpe án ribb forod — hit is nǽdrena gecynd ꝥ heora mægen and hiera féþe bið on heora ribbum, Ors. 4, 6; S. 174, 3-14.

úþ-genge

(adj.)
Grammar
úþ-genge, adj.

Fugitive ⬩ transitory ⬩ not to be retained ⬩ passing out of one's possession

Entry preview:

Fugitive, transitory, not to be retained, passing out of one's possession Se éþel úðgenge wearð Adame and Euan, eardríca cyst beorht óðbróden that country could no more be held by Adam and Eve, the choicest realm was taken away from them, Exon.

wíg-hús

(n.)
Grammar
wíg-hús, es; n. (in Wrt. Voc. i. 36, 41 it is masc.)

A war-house ⬩ a tower ⬩ fortification

Entry preview:

Se weall is mid stǽnenum wíghúsum ( habitaculis defensorum ) beworht, Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 74, 21. Menn wyrcaþ wíghús him ( elephants ) on uppan, and of ðám feohtaþ, Hex. 9 ; Norm. 16, II

gebyrd-tíd

Entry preview:

II a) :-- On ðám forman dæge his gebyrdtíde hé wearð æteówed þrým hyrdum, Hml. Th. i. 104, 30.

ge-fremian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-fremian, ge-fremman.
Entry preview:

Wearð seó menniscnys þurh þone micclan willan gefremmed, Hml. Th. i. 196, 25. Of gefremedre genihtsumnysse de congesta (virtutum) copia. An. Ox. 3344. Þá gefremedon commissa, Wrt.

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

sorh

(n.)
Grammar
sorh, sorg, sorhg, e; f.

care ⬩ anxiety ⬩ sorrow ⬩ grief ⬩ affliction ⬩ trouble ⬩ sorrow, care ⬩ cura, solicitudo, angor, moeror, labor ⬩ care, sorrow

Entry preview:

Hyge wearð mongum blissad sáwlum, sorge tóglidene, 71, 31; Cri. 1164. Sorga sárost, 122, 19; Gen. 2029. Sorga mǽst, 308, 22; Sat. 696. Weána gehwylcne, sídra sorga, Beo. Th. 300; B. 149.

Linked entry: sorg

ge-beran

Entry preview:

Add: I. to bear, bring ꝥ cild Críst wearð geboren ágeán of Egiptan, Chr. 3; P. 5, 22.

for-tendan

(v.)
Grammar
for-tendan, p. -tende [ = -tendede], pl. -tendon; pp. -tended [for-, tendan to burn]

To burn off or away ⬩ sear ⬩ inūrĕre

Entry preview:

-cildan], ða wíf fortendon ðæt swýðre breóst fóran, ðæt hit weaxan ne sceolde, ðæt hí hæfden ðý strengran scyte; forðon hí mon hét on Creácisc Amázanas, ðæt is on Englisc fortende from the female children, the women burnt off the right breast so far that

Linked entry: tendan

searu-níþ

(n.)
Grammar
searu-níþ, es; m.
Entry preview:

Swá wæs Biówulfe, ðá hé biorges weard sóhte, searoníþas (the wily hostilities of the dragon, who used poison to destroy his foe, cf. áttorsceaþa, 5670, and is called inwitgest, 5333.

be-teldan

(v.)
Grammar
be-teldan, bi-teldan; p. -teald, pl. -tuldon; pp. -tolden; [be, teldan to cover, teld a tent]

To cover, cover over, surround, overwhelm ⬩ tegere, supertegere, circumdare, obruere

Entry preview:

Hæfde sigora weard betolden leófne leódfruman mid lofe sínum the lord of triumphs had surrounded the dear chieftain with his praise, Andr. Kmbl. 1976; An. 990.

Linked entries: be-tolden bi-teldan bi-tolden

un-dóm

(n.)
Grammar
un-dóm, es; m.

Unjust judgement

Entry preview:

Wearð ðes ðeódscipe swíðe forsingod þurh undómas, 130, 4

un-staþolfæst

(adj.)
Grammar
un-staþolfæst, adj.

unsettled ⬩ not remaining in one place ⬩ not stationary ⬩ unsettled ⬩ desirous of change ⬩ not steadfast ⬩ unstable ⬩ not enduring ⬩ easily moved ⬩ unsettled in mind ⬩ wavering

Entry preview:

Ben. 9, 23. unsettled, desirous of change Sum munuc wearð unstaðolfæst on his mynstre, and gewilnode ðæt hé móste of ðam munuclífe, Homl. Th. ii. 176, 14. not steadfast, unstable, not enduring, easily moved Unstaðolfest weorc opus instabile, Kent.

Linked entry: under-staþolfæst

fóþer

Entry preview:

Án fóðer gyrda, C.D. iii. 451, 1. iiii. fóðra weada, i. 297, 2. iiii. fóðera áclofenas gauolwyda, v. 147, 20. Ælce geáre of burhwuda fíftig fóðra wudes, and fíftig swína mæsten, Cht. E. 293, 30

Linked entry: ge-féþrian

micel-ness

Entry preview:

</b> a mass Wearð upp áscoten swýðlicu mycelnes þæs ungemǽtan stánclifes ingentis saxi moles erupta esl, Gr. D. 12, 9. Eall tóweaxen mid mycelnessum þára clifstána saxorum molibus asperum, 159, 26.

sceát

Entry preview:

Add Hé wearð gebeden fram þám nunnum ꝥ hé sume sceátas (mappulas) onféng, Gr. D. 143, 4. <b>VII b.

of-talu

(n.)
Grammar
of-talu, e ; f.

The successful defence made against a claim

Entry preview:

The successful defence made against a claim Seó sprǽc wearð ðam cynge cúð.

Linked entry: on-talu

þweores

(prep.; adv.)
Grammar
þweores, þwires, þwyres.

across as opposed to along ⬩ athwart ⬩ transversely ⬩ crosswise as opposed to lengthways ⬩ on the flank ⬩ perversely ⬩ wrongly

Entry preview:

Ðá wearð hiere mid ánum wierpe án ribb forod, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 174, 10.

Linked entries: þwires þwyre

á-teorian

(v.)

to get exhausted ⬩ faint, ⬩ to lose heart or energy ⬩ get weary ⬩ faint ⬩ to get exhausted ⬩ come to an end ⬩ fail ⬩ be wanting ⬩ to be defective

Entry preview:

S. 22, 137. fig. to lose heart or energy, get weary, faint Wíte com ofer ðé and ðú áteorodest, Hml. Th. ii. 454, 18. Ne ðú ne átiara ðonne ðú bist ðreád, (nec deficias) Kent. Gl. 38. Þæt hé æt ðǽre bodunge ne áteorige. Hml.

ǽg-ðer

(pronoun.)
Grammar
ǽg-ðer, [ = ǽg-hwæðer] ; pron.

Either ⬩ each ⬩ both ⬩ uterque ⬩ ambo

Entry preview:

On ǽgðre healfe weard towards both sides, Ælfc. Gr. Ǽgðer ge—ge, both—and, as well—as :-- Ǽgðer ge hádes, ge éðeles þolige let him forfeit both degree and country, L. C. S. 41; Th. i. 400, 14. Ǽgðer ge heonan ge ðanan both here and there.

Linked entry: égðer

Copyright

All the data provided here are free for any purpose. If you use the data for academic purposes, we ask that you kindly cite us as your source. In case you need a large portion of the dictionary data or you need it in a specific format, let us know through the contact form, we are happy to do custom database dumps for researchers.

How to cite

You can cite the entries of the online version of the dictionary, or you can cite the scanned pages of the original paper editions.

  • To cite the online version of the dictionary, click the icon right under the entry.
  • To cite the scanned paper version of the dictionary, click the "show/hide this scanned page" link under the entry, check the scan and use the citation information right above it.