Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

wá

(adv.; int.)

Woe ⬩ ill ⬩ woe ⬩ alas ⬩ vae, ⬩ well-a-way ⬩ well-a-day ⬩ ah ⬩ vah

Entry preview:

Lamb. 39, 16. Wá ðæt ðes tówyrpð Godes tempel, Mt. Kmbl. 27, 40. Wá lá (wǽ, Lind. Rush.) se tówyrpð ðæt tempel va qui destruit templum, Mk. Skt. 15, 29

Linked entries: eów waa wǽ

CLǼNE

(adj.)
Grammar
CLǼNE, cléne; se clǽna, seó, ðæt clǽne; m. clǽnra, f. n. clǽnre; clǽnest; adj.

CLEAN, pure, clear ⬩ mundus, purus, merus, serenus ⬩ chaste, innocent ⬩ castus, innoxius

Entry preview:

Lamb. 11, 7. Seó clǽneste cwén the most chaste woman, Exon. 11b; Th. 17, 26; Cri. 276

Linked entries: cláne cléne

leger

(n.)
Grammar
leger, es; n.

a lying ⬩ dead ⬩ sickness ⬩ death ⬩ a couch ⬩ a lair ⬩ a grave

Entry preview:

Mid langre ádle laman legeres swíðe gehefigod longo paralysis morbo gravatam, Bd. 3, 9; S. 534, 6. Moyses and Aaron ge-endodon heora líf swáðeáh búton legere Moses and Aaron ended their lives, yet without sickness, Homl. Th. ii. 212, 13.

Linked entries: clǽne ÁDL

ge-swícan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-swícan, ic -swíce, ðú -swícest, -swícst, he -swíceþ. -swícþ, pl. -swícaþ; p. -swác, pl. -swicon; pp. -swicen

To leave off ⬩ desist ⬩ stop ⬩ cease ⬩ rest from ⬩ turn from ⬩ withdraw ⬩ relinquish ⬩ fail ⬩ deceive ⬩ betray ⬩ intermittere ⬩ desistere ⬩ cessare ⬩ quiescere ⬩ requiescere ⬩ deserere ⬩ discedere ⬩ relinquere ⬩ deficere ⬩ fallere ⬩ prodere ⬩ with the genitive ⬩ with the dative

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Lamb fol. 183 b, 20. Hí ðæs gefeohtes geswicon they stopped the fight, Ors. 3, 1; Bos. 54, 29. Ðæs fixnoþes geswícan to cease from fishing, Homl. Th. ii. 516, 11.

swincan

(v.)
Grammar
swincan, p. swanc, pl. swuncon; pp. swuncen.
Entry preview:

Lamb, 6, 7. Ð ám wífum ðe æfter beorþre on sumum stówum swincen, Lchdm. i. 344, 2. [Cf. Ðonne se ufera dǽl ðæs líchoman on ǽnigum sáre oððe on earfeþum geswince, 332, 9.] <b>II a.

hálig-dóm

(n.)
Grammar
hálig-dóm, es; m.

holiness, sanctity ⬩ sanctimonia ⬩ holy things, relics, holy work, a sacrament ⬩ a holy place, sanctuary ⬩ relic ⬩ holiness ⬩ sacred things ⬩ relics ⬩ a sanctuary ⬩ sacramentum, sanctuarium ⬩ sacred thing, relic, sanctuary

Entry preview:

Lamb. 73, 7. Hé getimbrade his háligdóm ædificavit sanctificium suum, 77, 69. Tó ðæs háligdómes dura to the door of the sanctuary, Ex. 21, 6. Tóweard ðam háligdóme toward the sanctuary, Chr. 1083; Erl. 217, 20.

bót

mending ⬩ repair ⬩ remedy ⬩ improvement ⬩ help ⬩ amendment ⬩ amends ⬩ reparation ⬩ repentance ⬩ penance

Entry preview:

Him tó laman limseóce cwómon ... symle hǽlo þǽr æt þám bisceope, bóte fundon, El. 1217 : 299. rescue from evil or peril, amendment of condition help Hý tó anlic-nessum hý gebǽdon, and wéndon þæt heom of ðám cóme bót ... ǽlc yfel cymð of deófle and ǽlc

plegan

(v.)
Grammar
plegan, plægan, plegian, plagian, plagian; p. de, ede, ode
Entry preview:

Swá plegende lamp quasi agnus lasciviens, Kent. Gl. 214. Seofon nacode wímmen urnon plegende on heora gesihþum, Homl.

Linked entries: plægan plagian plegian

wrecca

(n.)
Grammar
wrecca, wræcca, an ; m.

one driven from his own country ⬩ a wanderer in foreign lands ⬩ an exile ⬩ a stranger ⬩ pilgrim ⬩ a wretch ⬩ an evil person ⬩ a wretched person ⬩ a miserable, feeble creature ⬩ a wretched ⬩ unhappy ⬩ miserable ⬩ poor person

Entry preview:

Lamb. 136, 8. Ða lióð ðe ic wrecca geó lustbǽrlíce song, ic sceal nú heofiende singan. Bt. 2 ; Fox 4, 6 : Met. 2, 3. Ne mæg mon ǽnne wræccan his cræftes beniman, 10, 38. Heó áhredde ða húþe, and tó hám bedrǽf wreccan (the hapless wight?)

Linked entries: wræcca wrec

DÓN

(v.)
Grammar
DÓN, to dónne; part. dóende, dónde; ic dó, ðú dést, he déþ, pl. dóþ; p. ic, he dyde, ðú dydest, pl.dydon ; impert. dó, pl. dóþ; subj. dó, pl. dón, dó; p. dyde, pl. dyden; pp. dón, dén

To DO, make, cause ⬩ agĕre, facĕre

Entry preview:

Dóende [dónde, Lamb.] faciens, Ps. Spt. 102, 6. Eádig ys se þeów, ðe hys hláford hyne gemét ðus dóndne, ðonne he cymþ beātus ille servus, quem cum venĕrit domĭnus ejus, invenĕrit sic facientem, Mt. Bos. 24, 46: Lk. Bos. 12, 43. Ic dó ago, Ælfc.

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

DRIGE

(adj.)
Grammar
DRIGE, dryge, dríe; def. se driga, dryga, dría; seó, ðæt drige, dryge, dríe; adj.

DRY ⬩ siccus, arĭdus

Entry preview:

Lamb. 104, 41. He gǽþ geond drige stówa ambŭlat per loca arĭda, Mt. Bos. 12, 43: Ps. Th. 65, 5. Se wyrcþ drige [dríe MSS. P. L.] wolcnu it makes dry clouds, Bd. de nat. rerum; Wrt. popl. science 18, 2; Lchdm. iii. 274, 24.

Linked entries: drege dríe dryge drygge

DREÁM

(n.)
Grammar
DREÁM, es; m.

joy, pleasure, gladness, mirth, rejoicing, rapture, ecstasy, frenzy ⬩ jubĭlum, lætĭtia, gaudium, delīrium ⬩ An instrument of music, music, rapturous music, harmony, melody, ⬩ orgănum = όργανoν, musĭca, concentus, harmŏnia = άρμoνία, modulātio, modus, melōdia = μελωδία, cantus

Entry preview:

Lamb. 136, 2. Sǽde se engel ðæt se dreám wǽre of ðam upplícum werode the angel said that the melody was from the celestial host, Homl. Th. ii. 342, 10: Exon. 52 a; Th. 181, 9; Gú. 1290.

Linked entries: dríme drýme drýming ge-dríme drím

geár

(n.)
Entry preview:

Ánes geáres cild oððe lamb anniculus Ælfc. Gr. Z. 287, 11. Wé ealne þysne geár lifdon mid úres líchoman willan, Bl. H. 35, 37. Án cométa ofer ealne geár sceán, Hml. ii. 300, 32. Se here þǽr sæt .i. geár, Chr. 869; P. 70, 4.

ge-lícnes

Entry preview:

Þú ( the dead body ) lámes gelícnes, Seel. 19. Hé gestrínde sunu tó his gelícnesse and anlýcnysse genuit ad imaginem et similitudinem suam, Gen. 5, 3. Tó Godes gelícnesse ad similitudinem Dei, 1. Tó gilícnesse Goddes ad imaginem Dei, Rtl. 109, 11.

ge-settan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-settan, p. -sette; pp. -seted, -set, -sett

To set, put, fix, confirm, restore, appoint, decree, settle, possess, occupy, place together, compose, make, compare, expose, allay

Entry preview:

Of láme ic ðé leoðe gesette of loam I formed thee limbs, Exon. 28 a; Th. 84, 31; Cri. 1380: 33 a; Th. 105, 12; Gú. 22. Ðú gesettest sunnan and mónan tu fecisti solem et lunam, Ps. Th. 73, 16.

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
Entry preview:

&mdash;Camp, lamb, plante, dranc, lang, etc.

þegnung

(n.)
Grammar
þegnung, e; f.
Entry preview:

</b> service rendered by things, use :-- Hé wæs lama and eallra his lima ðénunge benumen deficiente omni membrorum officio, Bd. 5, 5; S. 617, 38. In ðegnunge in use; in procinctu, Wrt. Voc. ii. 111, 16.

Linked entries: ǽfen-þénung þéning þénung

steór

(n.)
Grammar
steór, and stýr, e; f.
Entry preview:

Lamb. 44, 7. Ðæt hé ðoncfull sí stýre him ðæs bebodenan folces contentus sit gubernatione creditae sibi plebis, Bd. 4, 5; S. 372, 33. God sette ǽ ðam folce tó steóre, Ælfc. T. Grn. 5, 36: L. Eth. ix. 36; Th. i. 348, 14: L. Ælfc.

ymb-hwyrft

(n.)
Grammar
ymb-hwyrft, (-hwearft, -hweorft, -hwerft), es; m.
Entry preview:

Lamb. 32, 8. Geond alnæ ymbhwyrft in universo orbe Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 24, 14: Homl. Th. i. 76, 27. Se cásere, se ðe eallne ymbhwyrft on his anwealde hæfde, L. Ælfc. C. 2; Th. ii. 342, 22. Ástág ðæt heofonlíce goldhord on ðysne ymbhwyrft, Blickl.

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