Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

and-werdan

(v.)
Grammar
and-werdan, and-wirdan, and-wyrdan, ond-wyrdan; p. de; pp. od [and, word a word: Goth. and-waúrdyan to answer, waúrd a word: Ger. antwort an answer]

To answer ⬩ respondere

Entry preview:

To answer; respondere Abram hire andwerde Abram ei respondit. Gen. 16, 6

Linked entries: and-wirdan and-wyrdan

sumer-lida

(n.)
Grammar
sumer-lida, an; m. [Lida, like the equivalent Icel. liði in sumar-liði, elsewhere refers to a single object, man or ship (v. lida, sǽ-, ýð-lida), but in the passage given below from the Chronicle seems to mean a fleet. Later in the same work liþ (q. v.), which seems taken from the Scandinavians, is used in this sense, e. g. ðæt lið ðæt on Sandwíc læg, 1052; Erl. 183, 40, can sumer-lida be intended to represent Norse sumar-lið? In one other place sumer-lida occurs, in company with words relating to the sea, and it there glosses malleolus; but here perhaps sumer-loda should be read, and malleolus be taken in the sense shoot, twig (see spæc); cf. O. H. Ger. sumar-lota, -lata virgultum, palmes. v. Anglia xiii. 330.]
Entry preview:

A summer fleet, one that sets forth in summer and returns in autumn Æfter ðissum gefeohte cuom micel sumorlida (tó Reádingum, MS. E.), Chr. 871; Erl. 74, 35.

þearm-gewind

(n.)
Grammar
þearm-gewind, -wind, es; m. The words seem to mean 'that which enwraps the intestines,' cf. plecta wǽfelsa, gewynde, Hpt. Gl. 462, 64, but they are used to gloss jugulam (-um?), so should mean the collar-bone, or the hollow part of the neck above the collar-bone, or
Entry preview:

the throat Gescyld ðearmgewind (ðearmwind, lxxiv, 24), breóstbán, breóst tege jugulam, pectusculum, mamillas, Lchdm. i. lxxii, 1

ferþþes

(n.)
Grammar
ferþþes, ferþþe of a soul, to a soul,
  • Exon. 46 a
    • ;
  • Th. 157, 21
    • ;
  • Gú. 895: 14 b
    • ;
  • Th. 30, 7
    • ;
  • Cri. 476
    • ;
gen.
Entry preview:

and dat. of ferþ

ráwan

(v.)
Grammar
ráwan, (?) to cut in strips (?) (v. rǽw.) Cf. Geráwende infindens, Wrt. Voc. ii. 91, 24. Geráwende slítende and ceorfende infindens, 47, 22. Gerǽwen hrægel
Entry preview:

segmentata vestis, i. 40, 10

hwol

Grammar
hwol, An. Ox. 37, 6. The word is given as a gloss to infingens in the passage : Inruit in quamdam spinulam . . . medelanium plantae ipsius
Entry preview:

infigens, Guth. Gr. 153

on-sting

Grammar
on-sting, Add: the right to intervene, or thrust oneself into, the affairs of another. Cf. stingan; <b>Ia</b>
Entry preview:

Icc nelle nâteswhôn geþafian ꝥ þaer æ̂nig man æ̂nigne onstyng habbe on æ̂nigum þingum, Cht. E. 303, 10

a-weorþan

(v.)
Grammar
a-weorþan, a-wurþan, ic -weorþe, -wurþe, ðú -wyrst, he -weorþeþ, -wyrþeþ, -wurþeþ, -wyrþ, pl. -weorþaþ, -wurþaþ; p. -wearþ, pl. -wurdon; pp. -worden; v. intrans. [a from, away, weorþan to become]

To cease to be ⬩ become insipid or worthless ⬩ evanescere

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To cease to be, become insipid or worthless; evanescere Gyf ðæt sealt awyrþ if the salt become insipid, Mt. Bos. 5, 13: Lk. Bos. 14, 34. Ðú awordena raca, Mt. Bos. 5, 22

Linked entries: a-worden a-wurþan a-wyrþ

speld

(n.)
Grammar
speld, es; n.; pl. speld and speldru (? or speldra (see below) from speldr. Cf. 'Spelder of woode esclat, Palsgrave. The schafte to spildurs spronge,
  • Avow. of Arthur,'
  • Halliwell's Dict.
): speld, e; f.

A splinter ⬩ a thin piece of wood used as a torch ⬩ a torch ⬩ (splinters) ⬩ splinter of a lance ⬩ a tablet ⬩ a flake ⬩ a tablet

Entry preview:

A splinter, a thin piece of wood used as a torch, a torch On spelde in favillam, Anglia xiii. 35, 213. Speldum favillis, 36, 234, Ðara spaca speldra malleoli Similar entries (v. spæc), Wrt. Voc. ii. 54, 56. Biernende speld tedas, 95, 26. Spelde tedas

a-seón

(v.)
Grammar
a-seón, ic -seó, ðú -síhest, -síhst, he -síheþ, -síhþ, pl. -seóþ; p. -sáh, pl. -sigon, -sihon; impert. -seóh; pp. -sigen, -sihen [a from, out; seón, síhan to strain]

To strain out ⬩ percolare

Entry preview:

To strain out; percolare Aseóh ðone drenc, and dó ðonne mele fulne buteran strain out the drink, and then add [do] a basin full of butter, L. M. 1, 36; Lchdm. ii. 86, 16

BRÚCAN

(v.)
Grammar
BRÚCAN, to brúcanne; ic brúce, ðú brúcest, brýcst, brícst, he brúceþ, brýcþ, pl. brúcaþ; p. ic, he breác, ðú bruce, pl. brucon; pp. brocen; v. a. gen.

To use, make use of, to pass, spend, enjoy, have enjoyment of, to eat, bear, discharge ⬩ uti, frui, possidere, habere, gaudere aliqua re, edere

Entry preview:

To use, make use of, to pass, spend, enjoy, have enjoyment of, to eat, bear, discharge; uti, frui, possidere, habere, gaudere aliqua re, edere Ðæt he beáh-hordes brúcan móste that he might have enjoyment of the ring-hoard, Beo. Th. 1793; B. 894.

BEÓN

(v.)
Grammar
BEÓN, [bión], to beónne; part. beónde; ic beó [beóm], ðú bist, byst, he biþ, byþ, pl. beóþ; impert. beó, pl. beóþ; subj. beó, pl. beón

To BE ⬩ exist ⬩ become ⬩ esse ⬩ fieri

Entry preview:

Beó ðú sunum mínum gedéfe be thou gentle to my sons Beo. Th. 2457; B. 1226 : Andr. Kmbl. 428; An. 214 : Exon. 81 a; Th. 305, 18; Fä. 90 : Cd. 229; Th. 310, 25; Sat. 733 : Jn. Bos. 3, 2. Ne beóþ ge tó forhte be not ye too terrified Andr.

Linked entries: byst byþ beó beóm beóþ beóðan beþ bión bióþ ge-beón

wirsa

(adj.)
Grammar
wirsa, (wirra occurs once in the Chronicle); cpve.; wirrest, wirst; spve. adj.

Worse ⬩ worst

Entry preview:

Grammar wirsa, where injury is done to a person in respect to his well-being Se ðe óðerne mid wó forsecgan wille, ðæt hé áðer oþþe feó oþþe freme ðá wyrse sý, L. C. S. 16; Th. i. 384, 24.

Linked entries: wyrrest yfel weorr wersa wurst

feónd

(n.)
Grammar
feónd, fiónd, fýnd, fiénd, es; pl. nom. acc. feóndas, fýnd, feónd; gen. feónda; dat. feóndum; m. [feógan, feón to hate]

FIEND ⬩ enemy ⬩ foe ⬩ the devil ⬩ ōsor ⬩ inĭmīcus ⬩ hostis ⬩ diabŏlus ⬩ διάβoλos

Entry preview:

Ðú fiónd geflǽmdest thou didst put the enemy [the devil] to flight, Hy. 8, 25; Hy. Grn. ii. 290, 25. Genámon me ðǽr strange feóndas strong enemies took me there, Rood Kmbl. 60; Kr. 30: 65; Kr. 33.

Linked entries: fiénd fiónd fýnd ge-fýnd

frum-byrdling

Grammar
frum-byrdling, l. -birdling, and add: A youth, one whose beard has just come [cf. Icel. frum-vaxti just grown to full strength, in one's prime]

DREÓGAN

(v.)
Grammar
DREÓGAN, to dreóganne; part. dreógende; ic dreóge, ðú dreógest, drýhst, he dreógeþ, drýhþ, dríhþ, pl. dreógaþ; p. ic, he dreáh, dreág, ðú druge, pl. drugon; pp. drogen; v. trans.

to do, work, perform, to pass life, to fight ⬩ ăgĕre, făcĕre, perfĭcĕre, patrāre, vitam ăgĕre, militāre ⬩ DREE, endure ⬩ ferre, pati, sustinēre, tolerāre ⬩ to enjoy ⬩ frui ⬩ To be employed, be busy ⬩ ăgĕre, negōtiōsum esse

Entry preview:

to do, work, perform, to pass life, to fight; ăgĕre, făcĕre, perfĭcĕre, patrāre, vitam ăgĕre, militāre To dreóganne wordum and dǽdum willan ðínne to do thy will by words and deeds, Cd. 107; Th. 141, 23; Gen. 2349.

Linked entries: a-dreógan ge-dreógan

féng

(v.; part.)
Grammar
féng, pl. féngon took,
  • Beo. Th. 5970
    • ;
  • B. 2989: Salm. Kmbl. 866
    • ;
  • Sal. 432
;
Entry preview:

p.of fón

habban

(v.)
Grammar
habban, tó habbanne, hæbbene; pres. part. hæbbende; pres. indic. ic hæbbe, hafa, ðú hæfst, hafast, he hæfþ, hafaþ, pl. habbaþ, hæbbaþ; p. hæfde; subj. hæbbe, pl. hæbben, habban; imper. hafa, pl. habbaþ; pp. hæfed.

To HAVE, possess, hold, keep

Entry preview:

Se deáda byþ uneáðe ǽlcon men on neáweste tó hæbbene it will be a hard matter for any one to have the dead man in his neighbourhood, 59, 15. Eall ðæt him wæs leófost tó ágenne and tó hæbbene all that he liked best to own and to have, 111, 27.

Linked entries: heofon-hæbbende hafa

for-súgan

Grammar
for-súgan, Substitute: To suck in (used of the spasmodic action of the stomach in hiccough? Cf. súgan; <b>II,</b> sogoþa)
Entry preview:

Lǽcedómas wið ádeádodum magan and gif hé forsogen sié, Lch. ii. 158, 14. Wiþ forsogenum magan oþþe áþundenum for a stomach troubled with hiccough or wind, 186, 17

leóht

(adj.)
Grammar
leóht, léht, líht [from comparison with other dialects the proper spelling would seem to be líht, but leóht (or leoht?), in West-Saxon at least, is the regular form]; adj.

Light ⬩ inconsiderable ⬩ quick ⬩ ready ⬩ nimble ⬩ fickle ⬩ easy

Entry preview:

Hwílum ða leóhtan scylda beóþ beteran tó forlǽtenne aliquando leviora vitia relinquenda sunt, Past. 62; Swt. 457, 7. Hý habbaþ swýðe lytle scypa and swíðe leóhte they have very little ships avid very light ones, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 19, 8.

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