Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

fǽr

a calamity ⬩ disaster ⬩ evil ⬩ accident

Entry preview:

a calamity, disaster, evil, accident Fér casus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 103, 35. Fær cassus, 14, 2. Cassibus, calamitatibus vel férum, cassus, scelus, malum vel fær (cf. excidium, casus, ruina, 145, 8), 129, 27-30. Land, leóhtes leás and líges full, fýres fǽr

Linked entry: fǽr

-hád

(suffix)
Grammar
-hád, a suffix forming abstract nouns, e. g. bisceop-, cild-, man-, wer-hid, etc. In the oldest English it is found combined only with nouns, while in the later stages of the language, as in O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. words are formed with it from adjectives. An early instance occurs in the Land MS. of the Chronicle 'druncenhed,'
  • 1070
    • ;
  • Erl. 209, 35
. In later English it takes two forms, -hode, -hede; in modern times, -hood, -head.

fricgan

(v.)
Grammar
fricgan, fricgean, fricggan; part. fricgende; ic fricge, ðú frigest, frigst, frihst, he frigeþ, frigþ, frihþ, pl. fricgaþ; p. ic, he fræg, ðú frǽge, pl. frǽgon; impert. frige; subj. pres. fricge, pl. fricgen; pp. ge-frigen, -fregen, -frægen

To ask ⬩ inquire ⬩ question ⬩ find out ⬩ seek after ⬩ learn ⬩ get information of ⬩ interrŏgāre ⬩ sciscĭtāri ⬩ pĕtĕre ⬩ fando accĭpĕre ⬩ compĕrīre

Entry preview:

To ask, inquire, question, find out, seek after, learn, get information of; interrŏgāre, sciscĭtāri, pĕtĕre, fando accĭpĕre, compĕrīre Wilt ðú fricgan felageongne ymb forþgesceaft wilt thou ask one who has travelled much about the creation? Exon. 92

ge-sceap

Entry preview:

Add: birth, creation Cennung, gescæp concretio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 136, 26. v. cenning. what is created, creation, created things Ic þec biddan wille þurh þæt æðele gesceap þe þú, fæder engla, on fruman settest, Jul. 273. a creature On ðám æfteran dæge

efne

(adv.)
Grammar
efne, [ = efen]; adv.

Even, exactly, precisely, just, alike, likewise, just now ⬩ plāne, æque, omnīno, mŏdŏ, jam prīdem

Entry preview:

Even, exactly, precisely, just, alike, likewise, just now; plāne, æque, omnīno, mŏdŏ, jam prīdem He wintra hæfde efne hund-seofontig ǽr him sunu wóce he had just seventy winters ere a son was born to him, Cd. 57; Th. 70, 24; Gen. 1158. We ðé willaþ ferigan

CEÓSAN

(v.)
Grammar
CEÓSAN, ciósan, ic ceóse, ðú ceósest, cýst, he ceóseþ, cýst, císt, ceósaþ; ic, he ceás, cés, ðú cure,curon; ceós, ceósaþ; coren; v. a.

to CHOOSE, select, elect ⬩ legere, seligere, eligere ⬩ to accept ⬩ oblatum accipere, accipere

Entry preview:

to CHOOSE, select, elect; legere, seligere, eligere Ðæt hí woldon óðerra wera ceósan that they would make a choice of other husbands, Ors. 1, 10; Bos. 32, 32. He héht him wine ceósan he commanded him to choose friends, Cd. 90; Th. 112, 8; Gen. 1867:

Linked entries: a-coren curon ceósung ciósan ge-ceósan

hrycg

(n.)
Grammar
hrycg, es; m.

a back ⬩ dorsum ⬩ spina ⬩ a ridge ⬩ rigg

Entry preview:

a back of a man or animal; dorsum, spina Hricg dorsum, Ǽlfc. Gl. 74; Som. 71, 47; Wrt. Voc. 44,30. Hricc, Blickl. Gl.. Swylce mé wǽre se hrycg forbrocen dum configitur [confringitur, Ps. Surt.] spina, Ps. Th. 31, 4. Hiora hrygc simle gebiéged ... se

Linked entries: hric hrig hryc

ge-lǽstan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-lǽstan, to -lǽstenne; he -lǽsteþ, -lǽst; p. -lǽste; pp. -lǽsted, -lǽst.

to do ⬩ perform ⬩ accomplish ⬩ fulfil ⬩ discharge ⬩ execute ⬩ pay ⬩ făcĕre ⬩ perfĭcĕre ⬩ patrāre ⬩ præstāre ⬩ persolvēre ⬩ to accompany ⬩ follow ⬩ attend ⬩ serve ⬩ cŏmĭtāri ⬩ sĕqui ⬩ persĕqui ⬩ To continue ⬩ remain ⬩ last ⬩ endure ⬩ mănēre ⬩ dūrāre

Entry preview:

to do, perform, accomplish, fulfil, discharge, execute, pay; făcĕre, perfĭcĕre, patrāre, præstāre, persolvēre Ic náuht ne tweóge ðat ðú hit mǽge gelǽstan I doubt not that thou canst perform it, Bt. 36, 3; Fox 174, 31 : Elen. Kmbl. 2329; El. 1166. Ic

Linked entry: lǽstan

HWÍL

(n.)
Grammar
HWÍL, e; f.

A WHILE

Entry preview:

A WHILE, space of time Wæs seó hwíl micel it was a great while, Beo. Th. 295; B. 146. Ðá wæs hwíl dæges ǽr hé ðone grundwong ongytan mihte it was a day's space ere he might feel the bottom, 2995; B. 1495. Ǽr dæges hwíle before day-time, 4630; B. 2320

FREMMAN

(v.)
Grammar
FREMMAN, to fremmanne; ic fremme, ðú fremest, he fremeþ, pl. fremmaþ; p. fremede, fremde, pl. fremedon; impert. freme, pl. fremmaþ; subj. pres. fremme, pl. fremmen; pp. fremed.

to advance ⬩ promŏvēre ⬩ to FRAME ⬩ make ⬩ do ⬩ effect ⬩ perform ⬩ commit ⬩ iăcĕre ⬩ patrāre ⬩ effĭcĕre ⬩ perfĭcĕre ⬩ perpetrāre

Entry preview:

to advance; promŏvēre Ðaet ic eáðe mæg ánra gehwylcne fremman and fyrðran freónda mínra that I may easily advance and further every one of my friends, Andr. Kmbl. 1867; An. 936: Beo. Th. 3669; B. 1832. Sume ic to geflíte fremede some I have urged to

Linked entries: ge-fremman fremming

feallan

to run ⬩ to be overcome ⬩ to stumble ⬩ snare ⬩ to fail ⬩ fall away ⬩ decay ⬩ crumble away

Entry preview:

Add: of a body that can move freely Sum sceal on holte of heán beáme fiðerleás feallan, . . . hé fealleð on foldan, Vy. 21-26. Se feónd mid his geférum feóllon of heofonum on helle, Gen. 306. Teáras feóllon, El. 1134. Feall nú ádún (mitte te deorsum,

sumer-lida

(n.)
Grammar
sumer-lida, an; m. [Lida, like the equivalent Icel. liði in sumar-liði, elsewhere refers to a single object, man or ship (v. lida, sǽ-, ýð-lida), but in the passage given below from the Chronicle seems to mean a fleet. Later in the same work liþ (q. v.), which seems taken from the Scandinavians, is used in this sense, e. g. ðæt lið ðæt on Sandwíc læg, 1052; Erl. 183, 40, can sumer-lida be intended to represent Norse sumar-lið? In one other place sumer-lida occurs, in company with words relating to the sea, and it there glosses malleolus; but here perhaps sumer-loda should be read, and malleolus be taken in the sense shoot, twig (see spæc); cf. O. H. Ger. sumar-lota, -lata virgultum, palmes. v. Anglia xiii. 330.]
Entry preview:

A summer fleet, one that sets forth in summer and returns in autumn Æfter ðissum gefeohte cuom micel sumorlida (tó Reádingum, MS. E.), Chr. 871; Erl. 74, 35. [Steenstrup takes the word to mean a force moving from its quarters in England, and leaving

folgian

(v.)
Grammar
folgian, p. ode, ade, ede; pp. od, ad, ed; v. trans, dot. and acc.

to FOLLOW ⬩ go behind ⬩ run after ⬩ pursue ⬩ sĕqui ⬩ insĕqui ⬩ to follow as a servant, attendant or disciple ⬩ cŏmĭtāri ⬩ adhærēre alicui ⬩ servīre ⬩ subdĭtus esse

Entry preview:

to FOLLOW, go behind, run after, pursue; sĕqui, insĕqui Míne sceáp gehýraþ míne stefne, and hig folgiaþ me ŏves meæ vócem meam audiunt, et sĕquuntur me, Jn. Bos. 10, 27. He folgode feorhgeníþlan he pursued his deadly foes, Beo. Th. 5858; B. 2933. Þegn

Linked entry: FYLGEAN

ge-

(prefix)
Grammar
ge-, Both ge- and gi- are used in the oldest glossaries: e. g. on
  • p. 48 of O. E. T.
nine words with the prefix occur; in four cases both the Epinal and Erfurt glosses have gi-, in one they have ge-, in two the Epinal has ge- where the Erfurt has gi-, and in two the Epinal has gi- where the other has ge-. In each case the
  • Corpus Gloss.
has ge-. In this glossary, however, gi- is found, e. g. gi-brec,
  • 2152
, and in later glossaries also, e. g. gi-mynd,
  • Wrt. Voc. ii. 53, 73.
Besides the forms given may be noted ga-eddun,
  • Erf. 75
; gy-byrdid,
  • Ep. 228.
In the
  • Durham Ritual
the regular form is gi-.
Entry preview:

Add:

leger

(n.)
Grammar
leger, es; n.

a lying ⬩ dead ⬩ sickness ⬩ death ⬩ a couch ⬩ a lair ⬩ a grave

Entry preview:

a lying Hys spéda hý forspendaþ mid ðan langan legere ðæs deádan mannes inne they squander his wealth with the long lying of the dead man in the house, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 21, 9. a lying sick or dead, sickness, death Nis ðǽr hungor ne þurst ne slǽp ne swár

Linked entries: clǽne ÁDL

feran

(v.)
Grammar
feran, to ferenne; part. ferende; p. ferde, pl. ferdon; pp. fered [fer a journey]

To go ⬩ make a journey ⬩ set out ⬩ travel ⬩ march ⬩ sail ⬩ īre ⬩ ĭter făcĕre ⬩ proficisci ⬩ transīre ⬩ migrāre ⬩ nāvĭgāre

Entry preview:

To go, make a journey, set out, travel, march, sail; īre, ĭter făcĕre, proficisci, transīre, migrāre, nāvĭgāre He hine to cyninge feran hét he called him to go to the king, Bd. 3, 23; S. 554, 39: Cd. 109; Th. 144, 32; Gen. 2398: Exon. 28 b; Th. 86, 31

Linked entry: fyran

wendan

(v.)
Grammar
wendan, p. -de

To turn ⬩ To cause to move ⬩ to change ⬩ alter ⬩ convert ⬩ to translate ⬩ interpret ⬩ to move one's self ⬩ take one's way ⬩ go ⬩ proceed ⬩ wend ⬩ To wend ⬩ go ⬩ proceed

Entry preview:

To turn. trans. To cause to move, alter the direction or position of something (lit. or fig.) God on gesyhðe wæs . . . mín on ða swíðran, ðanon ic ne wénde onsión míne Elen. Kmbl. 696; El. 348. Swá hwá swá his mód went tó yflum Bt. 35, 6; Fox 170, 20

Linked entries: a-wendan be-wendan wendere

wyrcan

(v.)
Grammar
wyrcan, weorcan ; p. worhte ; pp. worht.

to work ⬩ labour ⬩ to make ⬩ to make ⬩ form ⬩ construct ⬩ to be the source ⬩ cause of, to produce ⬩ to make ⬩ constitute ⬩ to work ⬩ do ⬩ perform ⬩ to perform a rite ⬩ keep a season ⬩ to work ⬩ effect a purpose ⬩ attain an object,

Entry preview:

to work, labour, absolute Mín fæder wyrcð (operatur) óþ ðis, and ic wyrce (wyrco, Lind., Rush. operor ), Jn. Skt. 5, 17. Efne swá hé wyrceþ secundum opera ejus, Ps. Th. 61, 12. Hé won and worhte, wíngeard sette, Cd. Th. 94, 7; Gen. 1558. Gá and wyrce

Linked entries: weorcean wercan wyrcend wyrcness wircan

habban

Grammar
habban, A.
Entry preview:

For I and IV substitute: to have, hold in or with the hand (lit. or fig. ) Hé hafað in hondum heofon and eorðan, Gú. 619. Hine se mǽg Higeláces hæfde be houda, B. 814. Wit hæfdon swurd nacod on handa, 539. Þá mǽdenu hæfden hí sylfe be handa heom betweónum

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