Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

ge-swerian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Áð þte giswór ł þte gisworen bið tó Abrahame þte búta ondo . . . hére we him, Lk. R. L. 1, 73. Hié áðas geswóran ꝥ hié nǽfre noldon æt hám cuman . . . Ors. l, 14; S. 56, 19.

be-tweoh

Grammar
be-tweoh, (i, y, u), -tuh.

between ⬩ among ⬩ between ⬩ among

Entry preview:

Betuh þǽm clife ond ðǽm wætre wǽron swylce twelf míla, Bl. H. 211, 2.

grim

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Onda tó ungemetlíce grim zelus immoderate saeviens, Past. 127, 3: Rä. 34, 5. Grimre gúðe, B. 527. Grimne gripe, 1148. Hé hit mid suíðe grimmum edleáne geðryscð animum per asperam retributionem premit, Past. 239, 17.

BEGEN

(num.; adj.; pronoun.)

Both ⬩ ambo ⬩ both ⬩ ambo ⬩ ambæ ⬩ ambo ⬩ both ⬩ ⬩ ambo et ambæ vel ambæ et ambo ⬩ of both ⬩ amborum ⬩ ambarum ⬩ amborum ⬩ to both ⬩ ambobus ⬩ ambabus ⬩ ambobus ⬩ both ⬩ ambos ⬩ ambas ⬩ ambo ⬩ both ⬩ ambos et ambas vel ⬩ ambas et amb ⬩ with ⬩ by both ⬩ ambobus ⬩ ambabus ⬩ ambobus

Entry preview:

Grammar BEGEN, nom. m. only Both; ambo Grammar BEGEN, Adj. pron. pl Híg feallaþ begen on ǽnne pytt ambo in foveam cadunt Mt. Bos. 15, 14. Wit wǽron begen ðá git on geógoþfeore we [Beowulf and Breca] were both yet in youthful life Beo. Th. 1077; B. 536

Linked entries: bá bæga bǽm bám bátwá begra bó

ge-licgan

Entry preview:

S. 37, 271. non-material, to be appointed (cf. what lies before a person = what is to happen to him) Gif ðæt God geteód habbe, ond mé ðæt on lǽne gelíð ðæt gesibbra ærfeweard forðcymeð, C.

ge-teón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-teón, p. ge-teóde.
Entry preview:

Gif ðæt God geteód habbe, ond me þæt on lǽne gelíð, þet gesibbra ærfeweard forþcymeð wépnedhádes, Cht. Th. 483, 15. Earm bið sé þe sceal ána lifgan, wineleás wunian, hafað him wyrd geteód, Gn.

ge-mót

Entry preview:

Wæs sionoðlic gemót on ðǽre mǽran stówe ðe mon háteð Clofeshoas, and ðǽr se cyning ond his biscopas ond his aldormenn ond alle ðá wioton ðisse ðióde ðǽr gesomnade wǽron, Cht. Th. 70, 10.

scendan

(v.)
Grammar
scendan, p. de

To put to shame, to abuse, insult, harm:

Entry preview:

Grendel nǽnegum áraþ leóde Deniga ac swefeþ ond scendeþ (? MS. sendeþ Leo, Heyne, Grein refer to sand, q. v., and would translate by feasts) Grendel spares no man of the Danes, but slays and puts to shame, Beo. Th. 1204;() B. 600.

Linked entry: sendeþ

peorð

(n.)
Grammar
peorð, the name of the Runic p. Its meaning is doubtful. Grimm notices the name for f in the old Sclavonic alphabet, fert, and the Persian name for one of the figures on the chess-board, ferz. Kemble seems to take the latter, translating the word by
Entry preview:

chess-man; but it is doubtful whether the knowledge of chess was early enough among the Teutons to allow of this interpretation. v. Zacher Das Runenalphabet, pp. 7-9. The verse which accompanies the Rune in the Runic poem is the following Peorð byþ symble

wita

(n.)
Grammar
wita, an; m.

one who knows ⬩ a person of understanding or learning ⬩ a wise man ⬩ one able to give counsel ⬩ a counsellor ⬩ one able to give counsel in affairs of state ⬩ one who takes part in the councils of a nation ⬩ a leading man ⬩ an elder ⬩ a chief person ⬩ senior ⬩ one who has knowledge ⬩ a witness ⬩ a wise man ⬩ one professing supernatural knowledge

Entry preview:

Se cyng ond his biscopas ond his aldormenn ond alle ða wioton ðisse ðióde ðǽr gesomnade wǽron, Chart. Th. 70, 15. Cynewulf benam Sigebryht his ríces and West-Seaxna wiotan, Chr. 755; Erl. 48, 19.

Linked entries: weota wieta wiota

-tig

(suffix)
Grammar
-tig, -ty, a numeral suffix in words denoting the decades; up to 60 such words are formed with a suffix only, from 60 to 120 hund is prefixed and tig suffixed, hund-seofon-tig, hund-twelf-tig. Other dialects make a distinction in the numerals at the same point. Gothic uses tigus (pl. tigjus) in the earlier, -téhund in the later, O. Saxon -tig in the earlier, while 70 is given by ant-siƀunta; in
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O. H. Ger. the two forms are -zug and -zó. In O. Frs. and Icel. the same forms are used throughout. Tig is another form of the root seen in ten (tehan, g for h according to Verner's Law)

fór-steal

(n.)
Grammar
fór-steal, -steall, -stal, fóre-steall, es; m. [fór, fóre before; steal from stellan to leap, spring; therefore, at least originally, an assault, consisting in one man springing or placing himself before another, so as to obstruct his progress, Thorpe's Glos. to A. Sax. Laws] .

an assault ⬩ assultus sŭper ălĭquem in via rēgia factus ⬩ viæ obstructio ⬩ the fine for an assault ⬩ mulcta pro assultu

Entry preview:

an assault; assultus sŭper ălĭquem in via rēgia factus, viæ obstructio Gif hwá forsteal oððon openne wiðercwyde ongeán lahriht Cristes oððe cyninges gewyrce if any one commit an assault or open opposition against the law of Christ or of the king, L.

Linked entries: fóre-steall fór-stal

LǼTAN

(v.)
Grammar
LǼTAN, p. lét, leórt; pp. lǽten. The ellipsis of a verb in the infinitive, the meaning of which may be inferred from the context, not unfrequently takes place after lǽtan; and the connection of many of the meanings which follow with the simple one seems explainable in this way.

to LET ⬩ allow ⬩ permit ⬩ suffer ⬩ to let ⬩ let go ⬩ give up ⬩ dismiss ⬩ leave ⬩ forsake ⬩ let ⬩ to let ⬩ cause ⬩ make ⬩ get ⬩ have ⬩ cause to be ⬩ place ⬩ make as if ⬩ make out ⬩ profess ⬩ pretend ⬩ estimate ⬩ consider ⬩ suppose ⬩ think ⬩ to behave towards ⬩ treat ⬩ to let

Entry preview:

to LET, allow, permit, suffer God lǽt him fyrst ðæt hé his mándǽda geswíce God allows him time that he may cease from his crimes, Homl. Th. i. 268, 32. Ðonne ne lǽteþ hé ús nó costian ofer gemet then he will not let us be tempted beyond measure, Blickl

Linked entries: aweg-lǽtan leórt

háw

(n.; suffix)
Grammar
háw, Kemble says, ' In all probability, a look out, or prospect'; Middendorff compares the word with -hau in German place-names, and takes it to mean a clearing, a place where trees are cut down (cf. heáwan). But perhaps in the one passage where the word occurs
Entry preview:

hlawe should be read Haec sunt supradictarum uocabula terrarum, aet Uuineshauue (cf. scuccanhlau, 196, 1), C. D. i. 195, 30

-hád

(suffix)
Grammar
-hád, a suffix forming abstract nouns, e. g. bisceop-, cild-, man-, wer-hid, etc. In the oldest English it is found combined only with nouns, while in the later stages of the language, as in O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. words are formed with it from adjectives. An early instance occurs in the Land MS. of the Chronicle 'druncenhed,'
  • 1070
    • ;
  • Erl. 209, 35
. In later English it takes two forms, -hode, -hede; in modern times, -hood, -head.

á-rǽdan

(v.)
Grammar
á-rǽdan, p. -réd and -rǽdde; pp. -rǽden and -rǽd(ed).
Entry preview:

Ðet hio him néren méran ondeta ðon hit árǽded wæs on Aeðelbaldes dæge . . . hió mósten mid áðe gecýðan ðet hit suá wǽre árǽden on Aeðelbaldes dæge, 279, 2-7. Ne cymst þú on þínne éþel for þon ðín éþel (?

HORS

(n.)
Grammar
HORS, es; n.
Entry preview:

Hé wæs mid ðǽm fyrstum mannum on ðæm lande næfde hé ðeáh má ðonne twentig hrýðera and twentig sceápa and twentig swýna; ond ðæt lytle ðæt hé erede hé erede mid horsan he [Ohthere] was among the first men of the country; and yet he had not more than twenty

molde

(n.)
Grammar
molde, an;

mould ⬩ dust ⬩ sand ⬩ earth ⬩ ground ⬩ earth ⬩ land ⬩ earth

Entry preview:

Ond heó bæd ðæt hyre man sumne dǽl ðære hálwendan moldan (pulveris ) sealde, Bd. 3, 11; S. 536, 5-8: 3, 10; S. 534, 23, 29. Ða ðe for hund wintrum mid eorþan moldan ( pulvere terras ) bewrogene wǽron, L. Ecg. P. iv. 66; Th. ii. 226, 23.

ge-wunelic

Entry preview:

Th. i. 60, 26. in accordance with a general practice Ond monnum bið ðonne gewunelic ðæt hí líðað ðonne on sǽs bryme, Shrn. 88, 1. Þæt sý undeóror geseald þonne hit woruldmannum gewunelic sý, R.

mann-swica

Grammar
mann-swica, mán-swica ?. [In favour of mán- it may be noted that mann- does not occur as the first part of this compound, but does occur with -slaga; in Wlfst. 55, 6 the a has the accent in two MSS. (though in one of these mán- is written in mánslagan, Wlfst. 26, 14), and at 114, 13 manswican is a v. l. for mánsworan.]
Entry preview:

In l. 2 read mannslagan, and add: a deceiver, cheat Án unlagu æt ðám ætfengan þe swicigende manswican lufedan be-westan, Ll. Lbmn, 244, 28. Swá geráde manswican (man-, v. ll. ) þe on ðá wísan swǽslíce swiciað on unriht, þæt syndan forbodan Antecrístes

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