Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

ge-þreán

(v.)
Grammar
ge-þreán, p. þreáde; pp. -þreád
Entry preview:

Hú beó ic geþreád quomodo coarctor, Lk. 12, 50. Ic wæs geþreád ðæt ic ðé sóhte I was compelled to seek thee, Exon, 70 b; Th. 263, 3; Jul. 344.

Linked entry: þreágan

BÓT

(n.)
Grammar
BÓT, e; f.

help, assistance, remedy, cure ⬩ auxilium, remedium, emendatio, sanatio ⬩ a BOOT, compensation due to an injured person as damages for the wrong sustained, redressing, recompense, an amends, a satisfaction, correction, reparation, restoring, renewing, repentance, an offering ⬩ compensatio, emendatio, reparatio, oblatio ⬩ to-boot, with advantage, moreover, besides

Entry preview:

help, assistance, remedy, cure; auxilium, remedium, emendatio, sanatio Hér ys seó bót, hú ðú meaht ðíne æceras bétan here is the remedy, how thou mayest improve thy fields, Lchdm. i. 398, 1.

ge-cynd

(n.)
Grammar
ge-cynd, ge-cind, acc. ge-cynd, ge-cynde; f. also ge-cynd, ge-cynde, nom. acc; gen. -cyndes; dat. -cynde; pl. nom. acc. -cyndu, -cyndo, -cynd; gen. -cynda; dat. -cyndum; n.

nature ⬩ kind ⬩ manner ⬩ condition ⬩ gender ⬩ natura ⬩ indoles ⬩ ingenium ⬩ proprietas ⬩ modus ⬩ qualitas ⬩ conditio ⬩ genus ⬩ generation ⬩ nakedness ⬩ generatio ⬩ natales ⬩ partes ⬩ genitales ⬩ verenda ⬩ offspring ⬩ proles

Entry preview:

Hú his gecynde biþ what its nature [sex] is, Exon. 61 a; Th. 223, 8; Ph. 356. Wæstma gecyndu kinds of fruits, 33 a; Th. 104, 30; Gú. 15. Cristes gecyndo the natures of Christ, Salm. Kmbl. 819; Sat. 409. On feówer gecynd in four kinds, 996; Sat. 499.

Linked entries: ge-cynde ge-cyndo cynd ge-cind

scyndan

(v.)
Grammar
scyndan, scendan; p. de.
Entry preview:

Hú mon monige scyndan scyle ( de exhortatione multis exhibenda ) tó ðæm ðætte his gódan dǽda ne weorðen tó yflum dǽdum, Past. 60; Swt. 453, 6

ge-cunnian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Hú þú meaht gecunuian hwæþer hit healsgund sié (cf. healsgundes tácn hwæþer hé hit sié, 44, 7), Lch. ii. 2, 17. to prove, shew to be right, approve Sié ðá sóð intrahtnung ꝥ ðá apostolas gecunnedun sit illa uera interpretatio quam apostoli probauerunt

ofer-cuman

Entry preview:

Ne mihte hé geþencan hú hé hí mid ǽnige cræfte ofercuman sceolde, Bt. 39, 4; F. 216, 24. (1 a) to overcome in argument :-- Ofercuóm conuincit (Judaeos de baptismo Johannis interrogando ), Mk. p. 4, 19. of some physical or mental force or influence, to

sárlíce

(adv.)
Grammar
sárlíce, adv.

sorely, painfully ⬩ sorely, grievously, lamentably ⬩ sorely, bitterly, heavily

Entry preview:

Hé sóhte hú hé sárlícast, þurh ða wyrrestan wítu, meahte feorhcwale findan, Exon. Th. 276, 25; Jul. 571. in a manner that causes mental pain, sorely, grievously, lamentably Ðæt mín fót ful sárlíce ásliden wǽre, Ps. Th. 93, 17.

ǽn-lic

(adj.)

only, single ⬩ alone, solitary ⬩ excellent, peerless,

Entry preview:

Hú beorht, mire, ǽnlic O preclara, i. splendida, An. Ox. 1266. Ǽnlic aurea, 1461: Hy. S. 24, 7. Sum swíðe ǽnlic wer and foremǽre quidam spectabilis vir, Gr. D. 307, 1. Adrianus wæs geong and ǽnlic, Shrn. 59, 28. Fæger on ansýne and ǽnlic, 88, 13.

Linked entry: án-lic

á-spendan

Entry preview:

Hú þes freólsdæg beó áspend mid lofe, i. 436, 29. with the object of expenditure also given Þeáh ðe ic áspende míne ǽhta on ðearfena bigleofan, Hml. i. 54, 2. Hé þás fíf andgitu áspent on unnyt, ii. 374, 2 : Hml. S. 12, 135.

á-stellan

To set up, ⬩ to set an example ⬩ to do something first ⬩ to found a place ⬩ institute an office ⬩ to establish a practice ⬩ doctrine, ⬩ to establish ⬩ confirm

Entry preview:

Hú bisceophádas wurdan ǽrest ástealde, Wlfst. 176, 6. to establish a practice, doctrine, Hé ástealde ealle gifa and ealle sóðfæstnyssa, Hml. Th. i. 198, 2. Ðá láre þe hé ástealde, ii. 586, 3:Hml. S. 25, 704.

on-cirran

(v.)
Grammar
on-cirran, -cerran, -cyrran; p. de.

to turn (trans.) make a change in position or direction ⬩ to turn (into another form) ⬩ to turn, ⬩ to go ⬩ to turn, make a person adopt a line of conduct, etc. ⬩ to turn, change ⬩ to turn from good to bad, to pervert ⬩ to turn aside, avert ⬩ to turn back, reverse (a sentence), revoke ⬩ to turn (intrans.)

Entry preview:

Angan þencean hú hé þider meahte Crécas oncerran, Met. 1, 61. to turn, change Ðú ða wyrde oncyrrest fata mutabis, Nar. 31, 24. Hí mé ðæt on edwít eft oncyrdan factum est mihi in opprobrium, Ps. Th. 68, 10. Nergend him naman oncyrde, Elen.

wǽpen

(n.)
Grammar
wǽpen, wǽpn, es; n.

a weapon ⬩ membrum virile

Entry preview:

Ðeáh hwá his ágen spere sette tó óðres mannes húses dura ... oþþon gif man óðer wǽpn lecge ... and hwilc man ðæt wǽpn gelæcce, L.C.S. 76; Th. i. 418, 6. Hé wǽpen hafenade be hiltum, Beo. Th. 3151; B. 1573.

Linked entries: wǽmn wǽpen-mann wǽpn wǽpned

lange

Entry preview:

hú geornor, Gú. 109. Lenge swiðor áwa usquequaque Wrt. Voc. ii. 79, 18. Á hú lenge swíður, Ps. Srt. 118, 8, 43, 51, 10. Swá leng swá má magis magisque An. Ox. 3594. Ióhannes leofode heora lengst, Ælfc. T. Grn. 15, 43.

wiþer-weard

(adj.)
Grammar
wiþer-weard, (-word, -wurd), and -wierde; adj.

contrary ⬩ adverse ⬩ hostile ⬩ adversary ⬩ enemy ⬩ opponent ⬩ fiend ⬩ hostile to rightful authority ⬩ rebel ⬩ opposed to what is right ⬩ arrogant ⬩ perverse ⬩ depraved ⬩ reprobate ⬩ false ⬩ heretic ⬩ apocryphal ⬩ opposed to the good or pleasure of anything ⬩ unfavourable ⬩ adverse ⬩ hurtful ⬩ pernicious ⬩ disagreeable ⬩ contrary ⬩ opposite

Entry preview:

Wiþerward wind ástígeþ ... ástigon wiþerwarde windas, Bd. 3, 15; S. 541, 33, 39. of hostility or conflict, adverse, hostile; used substantively, an adversary, enemy, opponent, a fiend Ǽlc hús ðe byð wiðerweard ongeán hyt sylf omnis domus divisa contra

Linked entries: wiþer-word wiþerweard-líc wiþerweard-ness wiþer-wierde wiþer-word

gang

going, walking, moving on foot, step. ⬩ the sole of the foot (?) ⬩ the being habitually in a specified condition ⬩ power of walking ⬩ of moving about ⬩ mode of walking, walk, gait ⬩ a walk, journey ⬩ go, time, occasion of going ⬩ a way, road, path, passage ⬩ a track ⬩ course ⬩ a stream ⬩ a narrative ⬩ space traversed ⬩ expanse covered ⬩ an ox-gang, a bovale, the eighth part of the carucate. ⬩ legal process ⬩ legal procedure, process ⬩ a company of people (?), a gang. ⬩ a step, stair ⬩ a privy

Entry preview:

Hú mæg ic þæt findan, þæt swá fyrn gewearð wintra gangum?, El. 633.

BEORCAN

(v.)
Grammar
BEORCAN, ic beorce, he byrcþ; p. bearc, pl. burcon; pp. borcen [Icel. barki, m. guttur] .

to make a sharp explosive sound ⬩ latratum vel sonum edere ⬩ to BARK ⬩ latrare

Entry preview:

Ic hwílum beorce swá húnd I sometimes bark as a dog Exon. 106 b; Th. 406, 16; Rä. 25, 2. Húndbyrcþ canis latrat, Ælfc. Gr. 22; Som. 24, 8. Ne mæg he fram húndum beón borcen he may not be barked at by dogs Herb. 67, 2; Lchdm. i. 170, 17

Linked entry: borcian

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

He [Xersis] hæfde scipa ðæra mycclena dulmúna in M and ii hund he [Xerxes] had one thousand two hundred of the large ships, dulmunus, Ors. 2, 5; Bos. 46, 32, 33. v.

hind

(n.)
Grammar
hind, e; f.
Entry preview:

Secan heorotas and hinda to hunt harts and hinds, Bt. Met. Fox 19, 33; Met. 19, 17

ræfter

(n.)
Grammar
ræfter, es; m.
Entry preview:

Ǽrest man ásmeáþ ðæs húses stede, and eác man ðæt timber beheáwþ, and ða syllan man fægere gefégþ, and ða beámas gelegþ, and ða ræftras tó ðære fyrste gefæstnaþ, Anglia viii. 324, 7-9

ge-niht

(n.)
Grammar
ge-niht, -nyht, es; n: e; f.

Abundance, fulness, sufficiency ⬩ abundantia, ūbertas ⬩ copia, abundantia

Entry preview:

Hý beóþ oferdrencte on ðære genihte ðínes húses inebriābuntur ab ūbertāte dŏmus tuæ, Ps. Th. 35, 8. To genihte in abundantia, Ps. Th. 77, 25, 27: 84, 6: Menol. Fox 364; Men. 183.

Linked entry: ge-nyht

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