Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

for-standan

(v.)
Grammar
for-standan, fór-standan (l. for-).
Entry preview:

Take these together, and add: intrans. to stand in the way of an object (dat.), lie in the line of advance Oð þæt sǽfæsten landes æt ende leódmægne forstód, Exod. 128. to come to a stand, stop Gif se man áspíwð þone yfelan wǽtan onweg, þonne forstent

Linked entry: for-licgan

gelíce

(adv.)
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Þes moncwealm wæs ofer ealle menn gelíce aura generali cunctos tabe confecit, Ors. 3, 3; S. 102, 9. (1 a) equally with another :-- Gelíce aeque (ut collega edoctus ), An. Ox. 2303. His sáwl bið gelíce ( aeque ) clǽne, ealsuá ꝥ cild bið, Ll.

wén

(n.)
Grammar
wén, e; f.

suppositionopinionthoughtideahopeexpectationlikelihoodprobabilitychanceperhapsperchancemay beprobably

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Cum mid ús, ðý læs wén is hí ús eft genimon come with us, lest haply they take us again Blickl. Homl. 239, 9. Ðý læs wén sié ðæt hine God gefreólsige 243, 19: 247, 2. Wén is ðæt ic gefyrenode perhaps I have sinned 235, 32: 239, 29: Homl.

Linked entry: wéna

be-gán

(v.)

passageto go roundto reach by goingcome uponget atto gopass byto gocomegetto pass byTo come byget atto comefall to one's lotto fallget into debtto surroundto confineto occupyto go about a businessto attend toto cultivateto worshipto honourvenerate a placeto exercise, practise an art, mode of life, &c.to practise a religionfollow the dictates of to practisecarry ondo (habitually)to devote one's self to a practiceto exercise a personto behaveto exercise in somethingto exerciseuseemployto professpretend

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Th. ii. 86, 16. to confine Hé hine sylfne beeóde swá him þearf wæs bútan racenteáge in swá mycclum landsticce ungebunden swá hé ǽr gebunden on wunode in tanto se spatio sine catena coercuit, in quanto et antea ligatus mansit, Gr.

healdan

(v.)

to keep watch overkeep in chargeto keepto watch overkeepgovernrulea king to keepguardto watchto defendpreserveto holdtakearrestto have hold ofto holdto holdto hold upto maintainsupportupholdmanageto holdbearconductto behaveto handletreatdeal withto holdto holdto have possessionto holdoccupyan officea positionto holdto remain into retaindetainto keepto detainto keepto keepto keep oneselfremainto holdkeep togethercontinueto maintainkeepto performkeep watchto keepto keep unbrokeninviolateto keepto constraincompelrestrainstopto restrain oneselfrefrainto entertainto keep in mindrememberregardto hold asto holdto proceedmove onto continuego on withto go on

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Wið feónda gehwone flotan eówerne healdan, 296. to hold. to lay hold on, take Ah ne haldas (genimeð, R., hú ne nymð hé, W. S.) and gehebbes ðá ilco nonne tenebit el levabit eam?, Mt.

ealdor-man

(n.)
Grammar
ealdor-man, -mann, -mon, ealdur-, aldor-, eldor-, es; m. [eald old, not only in age, but in knowledge, v. eald, hence ealdor an elder; man hŏmo] .

ALDERMAN, senator, chief, duke, a nobleman of the highest rank, and holding an office inferior only to that of the king mājor nātu, sĕnātor, prŏcer, princeps, prīmas, dux, præfectus, trĭbūnus, quīcunque est aliis grădu aut nātu mājor.eorl, Nrs. jarl, being placed over several shires. The Danish kings ruled by their eorlas or jarls, and the ealdormen disappeared from the shires. Gradually the title ceased altogether, except in the cities, where it denoted an inferior judicature, much as it now does among ourselves

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The ealdormen of the several shires seem to have been appointed by the king, with the assent of the higher nobles, if not of the whole witena gemót, and to have been taken from the most trustworthy, powerful, and wealthy of the nobles of the shire.

GE-RÉFA

(n.)
Grammar
GE-RÉFA, ge-reáfa, groefa, an; m.

A prefect, steward, fiscal officer of the shire or county, judge, reeve or sheriff, countpræpŏsĭtus, villĭcus, jūdex, præfectus, cŏmes

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Ðæt ǽlc geréfa náme ðæt wedd on his ágenre scire, ðæt hí ealle ðæt friþ healdan woldan that each reeve should take a pledge in his own shire, that they would all hold the peace, L. Ath. v. § 10; Th. i. 240, 1.

þreágan

(v.)
Grammar
þreágan, þreán, and þreáwian (v. þreápian); p. þreáde [in Bt. 38, 1; Fox 196, 7 a form occurs that might be a strong past of þreán, on the analogy of þweán, sleán Ðæt gewit wæs swíþe sorgiende for ðám ermþum ðe hí ðrógan; cf. the rendering of the same passage in the metres: Ðæt mód wæs swíðe sorgum gebunden for ðǽm earfoþum ðe him on sǽton,
  • Met. 26, 97.
But, perhaps, drugon should be read, as, Latin is:]; pp. þreád.

to reproverebukereproachto punish one who deserves punishmentto chastise by way of discipline, with a view to amendto chastencorrectto torturetormentafflictdistressvexoppress

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heora bearn ða hí for heora synnum ðreágeaþ and swingaþ and hwæðere ða sylfan ðe hí mid ðám wítum ðreágeaþ and swenceaþ lufiaþ eác sic nos fidelibus tenere disciplinam debemus, sicut boni patres filiis solent, quos et pro culpis verberibus feriunt, et tamen

Linked entries: þreán þreiga ðrogan

ge-hwirfan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-hwirfan, ge-hweorfan.
Entry preview:

Take here <b>ge-hwyrfan</b> in Dict. and add trans. to cause to go, to transfer from one place to another Hé hine áscéd of ðǽm worldríce and hine gehwirfde (-hwyrfde, v. l. ) tó ungesceádwísum neátum, Past. 38, 23.

Linked entry: ge-hweorfan

georne

Entry preview:

Hé sceal beón ymbe sóme swá hé geornost mæg, ii. 312, 13. where pains are taken to produce completeness, carefully Friþaþ and fyrþraþ swíþe georne elaborat, Bt. 34, 10; F. 148, 30.

ge-þeón

(v.)
Entry preview:

Take here the passages given under <b>ge-þíhan</b> and <b>ge-þingan</b> (v. þeón), and add: hé -þíhþ; p. -þáh, -þong (Gr. D. 225, 21); pp. -þigen, -þungen Geþíhþ, oferstíhþ excedit, superat, Wrt.

BRECAN

(v.)
Grammar
BRECAN, ic brece, ðú bricest, bricst, he briceþ, bricþ, pl. brecaþ; p. ic, he bræc, ðú brǽce, pl. brǽcon; pp. brocen.

to BREAK, burst, violate break or burst through; frangere, confringere, rumpere, perfringere, perrurnpereto press, force, urge;urgereto rush intotakeby stormin locum irrumpere, expugnare, erumpere, prorumpere, crepare, fremere to breakburst forthmake a noisecrashto sail;navigareTo retch;screare

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Th. 470; B. 232: 5562; B. 2784. to rush into a place, take a place by storm; in locum irrumpere, expugnare, Siððan he for wlence beorgas brǽce since he for pride rushed into the mountains, Exon. 35 b; Th. 114, 29; Gú. 180.

ge-healdan

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Hwí is Enoh swá lange cucu gehealden quare Enoc tanto tempore servabatur a morte?, Angl. vii. 10, 85. <b>VI c.

BEGEN

(num.; adj.; pronoun.)

Bothambobothamboambæambobothambo et ambæ vel ambæ et amboof bothamborumambarumamborumto bothambobusambabusambobusbothambosambasambobothambos et ambas velambas et ambwithby bothambobusambabusambobus

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Ða beón beraþ, bú tú ætsomne, árlícne anleofan and ǽtterne tægel the bees bear excellent food and a poisonous tail, both the two together Frag. Kmbl. 35; Leás. 19. On bá healfa on both sides Beo. Th. 2614; B. 1305 : Ps. Th. 59, 5.

for-gildan

(v.)

to pay backrestorepay damagesto pay forbuy offto repaypay outrequiteto payperform

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to pay back, restore what has been taken Gif man forstele feoðerfót neát . . . fæste án gear and forgylde ꝥ hé forstolen hæbbe (quod furatus fuerit reddat), oððe .II. geár fæste, Ll.

hláf

breada loafcakebreadbreadmannacake

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Hingrendum hláf and hrægl nacedum, Cri. 1355. where bread is taken to represent the food of a meal: 'Gerestað eów ... oð þæt ic eów lecge hláf ætforan, þæt gé eów gereordian' ...

Linked entry: hláf-gang

leóht

(n.)
Grammar
leóht, a light.
Entry preview:

&para; where sight is taken as a mark of life :-- Sé þe wile eorlscipe æfnan, oð þæt eal scæceð leóht and líf somod, Víd. 142. a body which emits illuminating rays. a heavenly body Ðonne swegles leóht, gimma gladost, ofer gársecg úp æðeltungla wyn

mǽre

(adj.)
Grammar
mǽre, adj.

Greatexcellentdistinguishedillustrioussublimesplendidcelebratedfamouswidely knownnotoriousdistinguished by evil deedsinsignis

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Ðæt is mǽre spell no common tale is that, Cd. 119; Th. 155, 2; Gen. 2566: Elen. Kmbl. 1936; El. 970. Æfter ðisse dǽde his noma wæs weorþ and mǽre geworden after this deed his name became honoured and famous, Blickl.

níd

(n.)
Grammar
níd, neád, néd, neód, niéd, nýd, es; n.: e; f.

necessityinevitablenessnecessityneedurgent requirementa necessary businessdutyneedwhat one wantsnecessityneeddifficultyhardshipdistressforcecompulsion

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Mid ðý hí ðá ðæt scyp gehlæsted hæfdon mid ðám þingum ðe swá mycles síþfætes nýd ábǽdde cum navi imposuissent quae tanti itineris necessitas poscebat, Bd. 5, 9; S. 623, 18.

teóna

(n.)
Grammar
teóna, an; m.
Entry preview:

Genimeþ his ǽhta Drihten mid mycclum teónan on him the Lord will take from him his possession with great shame to him, Blickl. Homl. 53, 4. For teónan for shame, 179, 12.

Linked entry: teóne