Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

Róm

(n.)
Grammar
Róm, e; f.

Rome

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Ðæt hé of Róme cóme, Bd. 1, 25; S. 486, 25. Hé mid ealre his firde wið Róme weard farende wæs, Ors. 5, 11; Swt. 236, 9. ¶ The combination Róme-, Róma-burh is also frequent :-- Wearþ Rómeburg getimbred fram twám gebróðrum, Ors. 2, 2; Swt. 64, 21.

Linked entry: Róme-burh

hweorfan

(v.)
Grammar
hweorfan, hworfan, hwurfan

To turn ⬩ change ⬩ go ⬩ return ⬩ depart ⬩ go about ⬩ wander ⬩ roam

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Com on sefan hwurfan swefnes wóma, Cd. 177; Th. 222, 25; Dan. 110. Hie wǽron eft hám hweorfende they were returning home, Blickl. Homl. 67, 10. Ðá wæs Maria eft hweorfende tó hire húse, 139, 3.

lád

(n.)
Grammar
lád, e; f.

a course ⬩ way ⬩ a lode ⬩ watercourse ⬩ carrying ⬩ carriage ⬩ bringing ⬩ Sustenance ⬩ provision

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The phrase láde lǽdan occurs in a similar passage, dealing with the duties of the 'geneát,' in Cod. Dip.

mund

(n.)
Grammar
mund, e; f.

a hand ⬩ a hand ⬩ protection ⬩ Guardianship ⬩ A protector ⬩ guardian ⬩ protection ⬩ guardianship extended by the king to the subject ⬩ the king's peace, by the head of a family to its members ⬩ the fine paid for violation of mund

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Ic eom ðæs mynstres mund and upheald, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 232, 7. [Bé Alfríc and Tofi and Ðrunni ðese quides mundes. Chart.

Linked entry: mundian

wealh

(n.)
Grammar
wealh, gen. weales; m.

a foreigner ⬩ properly a Celt ⬩ a Celt of Britain; the word occurs mostly in pl., ⬩ the British ⬩ the Welsh ⬩ Wales ⬩ a Roman ⬩ a slave ⬩ servant ⬩ a shameless person

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Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. Index, Similar entries v. Bret- (Bryt[t]-), Corn-, Norþ-, West-Wealas (-Walas). a Roman Weala sunderriht jus Quiritum (cf. Rómwara sundorriht, Wrt.

treów

(n.)
Grammar
treów, es; n.

a tree ⬩ a material ⬩ wood ⬩ trees ⬩ a wood ⬩ roof-tree ⬩ saddle-tree ⬩ a piece of wood ⬩ a beam ⬩ log ⬩ stake ⬩ staff ⬩ cudgel ⬩ gallows-tree ⬩ tree used of the cross

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Ðurh treów ús com líf, ðá ðá Crist hangode on róde, Homl. Th. ii. 240, 22. Similar entries v. gealg-, wulfheáfod-treów, and ród

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
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Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

be-cuman

to come ⬩ get, ⬩ to come to power ⬩ get into trouble ⬩ to come to ⬩ by ⬩ to cometo a person ⬩ to befall ⬩ to become ⬩ behove

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Grn. 12, 30. of acquirement, to come to, by Ǽrþon þe hé tó his leómum becóme, Bl. H. 167, 2. Hí him gefylstan ꝥ hié eft tó hiora ágnum becóman vindicati sunt et restituti, Ors. 4, 3; S. 162, 21.

dǽl-nimend

(n.)
Grammar
dǽl-nimend, -nymend,-neomend ,es; m. [nimende, part. of niman to take] .

a taker of a part, a sharer, partaker, participator ⬩ partĭceps ⬩ A participle ⬩ particĭpium

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Sume adverbia cumaþ of dǽlnimendum some adverbs come from participles, 38; Som. 41, 11

FRAM

(prep.)
Grammar
FRAM, from; prep. dat.

FROM ⬩ a ⬩ ab ⬩ Concerning ⬩ about ⬩ of ⬩ cum verbis lŏquendi ⬩ de

Entry preview:

FROM; a, ab Ic adilige ðone mannan fram ðære eorþan ansíne, fram ðam men óþ ða nýtenu, fram ðam slincendum óþ ða fugelas delēbo hŏmĭnem a făcie terræ, ab hŏmíne usque ad anĭmantia, a reptĭli usque ad volucres cœli, Gen. 6, 7.

hweogul

(n.)
Grammar
hweogul, hweowol, hweohl, hweól, es; n.

A wheel

Entry preview:

Cott.] felga, 39, 7; Fox 222, 19. On hweóhle in rota, Ps. Spl. 76, 17. Hwél in hwélum rota in rota, Mt. Kmbl. p. 9, 20

Linked entries: hwǽl hweowol

mál

(n.)
Grammar
mál, es; n.

an action ⬩ suit ⬩ cause

Entry preview:

Se cyng sealde his lande swá deóre tó mále swá heó deórost mihte made as hard terms as ever he could, 1086; Erl. 220, 8

ge-fremman

(v.)
Grammar
ge-fremman, p. -fremede; pp. -fremed

To promote ⬩ perfect ⬩ perform ⬩ commit

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To promote, perfect, perform, commit Hie mihtan ǽghwæt gefremman they could accomplish anything, Blickl. Homl. 137, 1. Ðæt weorc to gefremmenne to perform that work, Homl. Th. ii. 122, 10. Ic hǽla gefremme sanitates perficio, Lk. Bos. 13, 32.

cweorn

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Þá sóna þá hé þǽre cweorna neálǽhte, and ꝥ corn þǽron lægde, þá orn (grand, v. l. ) seó cweorn þurh godcunde miht, and se abbod . . . stód be þǽre cweorna, Mart. H. 200, 22-26. Coern (cwearne, R.) mola, Mk. L. 9, 42.

feax

a bush

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Add: Feax coma, Wrt. Voc. i. 282, 36: ii. 22, 56. Wiþ ꝥ ðæt mannes fex (feax, v. l.) fealle, Lch. i. 110, 15. Ꝥ fýr ne fornam ne án hǽr heora feaxes, Hml. S. 30, 465. Fexe, hǽre capillatura, An. Ox. 1214.

Linked entries: feaxede feax-gerǽdian

for-berstan

exhausted ⬩ to fail ⬩ break down

Entry preview:

K. 19. of legal proceedings, to fail, break down, come to nothing Gif hit tihtle sí and lád forberste if it be a prosecution and the defence fail, Ll. Th. i. 406, 10. Him wǽre leófre ðæt hé . . . þonne se áð forburste. Cht. Th. 171, 26.

wéning

(n.)
Grammar
wéning, e; f.

supposition ⬩ doubtful thought ⬩ doubt ⬩ hope ⬩ expectation ⬩ chance

Entry preview:

sceolde be ðan morgendæge þencean, ðý læs ðæt wǽre, ðæt hé þurh ðæt ǽnig ðara góda forylde, ðe hé ðonne ðý dæge gedón mihte, and (þurh) ða wéninge hweðer hé eft ðæs mergendæges gebídan móste the man of God ought not to think of the morrow, lest it should come

on-beódan

(v.)
Grammar
on-beódan, p. -beád; pl. -budon; pp. -boden.

to bid, order ⬩ to announce, tell, proclaim, send word

Entry preview:

Hé onbeád ðæt hé of Róme cóme, Bd. 1, 25; S. 486, 25. to announce, tell, proclaim, send word Hé hit him hám bebeád (onbeád, MS. C.) he sent them home word of it, Ors. 4, 5; Swt. 168, 13.

Linked entry: in-beódan

tó-sáwan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-sáwan, p. -seów

To sow broadcast, ⬩ scatter seed ⬩ to spread abroad, ⬩ scatter, ⬩ disperse, ⬩ to disseminate opinions ⬩ distribute favours ⬩ sow dissension

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To sow broadcast, scatter seed; fig. to spread abroad, scatter, disperse, of concrete objects Sume hí cwǽdon, ðæt se líchoma ðe ǽne biþ tó duste gewend and wíde tósáwon, ðæt hé nǽfre eft tógædere ne cóme, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 376.

fretan

to destroy

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Voc. ii. 82, 51: 52, 35. to destroy by the action of (mid) animals or things Hié þæt corn frǽton mid hirá horsum, Chr. 894; P. 88, n. 4 Ðonne hié bióð innan fretene mid ðǽre ádle dum se ista intrinsecus peste consumunt. Past. 235, ii.