Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

irmþ

(n.)
Grammar
irmþ, e; irmþu, irmþo; indecl. f.

Poverty ⬩ penury ⬩ misery ⬩ wretchedness ⬩ calamity ⬩ distress ⬩ disorder

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Poverty, penury, misery, wretchedness, calamity, distress, disorder Yrmþ miseria, Ælfc. Gr. 33 ; Som. 37, 24. Nis ðǽr on ðam londe yldu ne yrmþu in that land there is not age or misery, Exon. 56 b; Th. 201, 6; Ph. 52 : 64 b; Th. 238, 34; Ph. 614. Him

Linked entry: earmþu

nearu

(adj.)
Grammar
nearu, adj.

narrow ⬩ strait ⬩ confined ⬩ not spacious ⬩ narrow ⬩ limited ⬩ poor ⬩ restricted ⬩ strait ⬩ oppressive ⬩ causing anxiety ⬩ oppressed ⬩ not having free action ⬩ strict ⬩ severe

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narrow, strait, confined, not spacious Neara scræf gurgustulum, Wrt. Voc. i. 58, 29. Neare pyt puteus angustus, Kent. Gl. 901. Gangaþ inn þurh ðæt nearwe (MS. B. nearuwe : Lind. nearuo : Rush. naarwe) geat ... Eálá hú neara (MS. A. nearu : Lind. naruu

Linked entry: nearu-cræft

þeów-dóm

(n.)
Grammar
þeów-dóm, es; m.
Entry preview:

Service; in an unfavourable sense servitude, slavery, bondage, thraldom Ðes þeówdóm haec seruitus, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 33; ZuP. 60, 7. Þeówdóm mancipatio, Wrt. Voc. i. 59, 57: famulatus, ii. 147, 35. Þeówdómum famulatibus, 34, 3. Ðeówdóm is twyfeald ... Is

hwider

Entry preview:

Add: I. in direct questions, to what place? Hwider fundast þú síðas dreógan?, Gen. 2269: An. 405: Cri. 1691. Hwyder (hwidder, L.) wylt þú ꝥ wé faron, Mk. 14, II. Huidir, Jn. L. 16, 5. (l a) with emphatic genitive :-- Hwider mæg ic þínne andlwitan befleón

standan

Grammar
standan, <b>I 2.</b>
Entry preview:

Add Ꝥ wæter wæs standende and beleác þá duru þǽre cyrican the water formed as it were a wall, and closed the entrance to the church, Gr. D. 220, 16. add Þara six hída þæ ꝥ mynstær on stent, C. D. iii. 274, 9. Ne standað ná ealle steorran on ðám steápan

wǽr

(n.)
Grammar
wǽr, e; f.

A covenant ⬩ compact ⬩ agreement ⬩ pledge

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A covenant, compact, agreement, pledge Wǽr is ætsomne Godes and monna, gǽsthálig treów, Exon. Th. 36, 29; Cri. 583. [Gewemme]dre wǽre violati foederis (pacti), Hpt. Gl. 496, 3: Cd. Th. 186, 18; Exod. 140. Wǽre gemyndig, 143, 1; Gen. 2372. Wǽre (cf. Icel

Linked entries: ge-wǽred wǽrlíce

CNIHT

(n.)
Grammar
CNIHT, cneoht, cnyht, es; m.

A boy ⬩ youth ⬩ attendant ⬩ servant ⬩ KNIGHT: ⬩ puer ⬩ juvenis ⬩ adolescens ⬩ servus

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A boy, youth, attendant, servant, KNIGHT: hence the modern knights of a shire are so called because theyserve the shire; puer juvenis, adolescens, servus Sum lytel sweltende cniht a little dying boy Bd. 4, 8; S. 575, 23: Ors. 3, 7; Bos. 58, 43. Tyn wintra

Linked entries: cneoht cnyht

and-wlita

(n.)
Grammar
and-wlita, an-wlita, an; m: and-wlite, es; n.

The face ⬩ countenance ⬩ personal appearance ⬩ forehead ⬩ form ⬩ surface ⬩ facies ⬩ vultus ⬩ aspectus ⬩ frons ⬩ forma ⬩ superficies

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The face, countenance, personal appearance, forehead, form, surface; facies, vultus, aspectus, frons, forma, superficies Hleór bolster onféng, eorles andwlitan the bolster received his cheek, the hero's face, Beo. Th. 1382; B. 689: Exon. 24 a; Th. 69

and-lang

(prep.)
Grammar
and-lang, ond-long, on-long; prep. only gen.

On length ⬩ ALONG ⬩ by the side of ⬩ in longum ⬩ per

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On length, ALONG, by the side of; in longum, per Lǽte yrnan ðæt blód nyðer andlang ðæs weofudes decurrere faciet sanguinem super crepidinem altaris; he will let the blood run down along the altar, Lev. 1, 15. Andlang ðæs [MS. ðas] wéstenes along the

bégan

(v.)
Grammar
bégan, he bégþ; p. de; pp. ed.

to bow ⬩ bend ⬩ turn ⬩ flectere ⬩ inflectere ⬩ deprimere ⬩ to bow to ⬩ to settle ⬩ inflectere ⬩ insistere

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to bow, bend, turn; flectere inflectere, deprimere Ðeáh ðú teó hwelcne bóh of dúne to ðære eorþan, swelce ðú bégan mǽge though thou pull any bough down to the earth, such as thou mayest bend Bt. 25; Fox 88, 23. Se Ælmihtiga bégþ ðider he wile mid his

Linked entries: a-bégan bígan bégean

for-liger

(n.)
Grammar
for-liger, -ligr, es; pl. nom. acc. -ligeru, -ligru, -ligra; n.

Fornication ⬩ adultery ⬩ fornĭcātio ⬩ adultĕrium

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Fornication, adultery; fornĭcātio, adultĕrium For forligere ob fornĭcātiōnem, Mt. Bos. 19, 9: Jn. Bos. 8, 41: Homl. Th. ii. 322, 28: L. Edm. S. 4; Th. i. 246, 5. Se óðer heáfodleahter is gecweden forliger the second chief sin is called fornication, Homl

gafol-swán

(n.)
Grammar
gafol-swán, es; m.

A tribute-swain ⬩ a swine-herd, paying a tribute or part of his stock, for permission to feed his pigs on the land ⬩ porcārius ad censum

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A tribute-swain, a swine-herd, paying a tribute or part of his stock, for permission to feed his pigs on the land; porcārius ad censum Gafolswáne gebýreþ, ðæt he sylle his slyht be ðam ðe on lande stent. On manegum landum stent, ðæt he sylle ǽlce geáre

eá-land

(n.)
Grammar
eá-land, -lond, es; n.

Water-land, an island ⬩ insŭla

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Water-land, an island; insŭla [eás land island, lit. water's land, land of water, v. gen. eás in eá] Ne geseah nán cépa eáland no merchant visited the island, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 13. Ðæs fægerne gefeán habbaþ eálanda mænig latentur insŭlæ multæ, Ps. Th.

Linked entries: eálond íg-land

HEG

(n.)
Grammar
HEG, hig, es; n.

Hay ⬩ grass ⬩ fœnum

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Hay, grass; fœnum Heg [Rush. hoeg] londes fœnum agri, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 6, 30. Ðá bebeád se hǽlend ðæt ðæt folc sǽte ofer ðæt gréne hig præcipit illis ut accumbere facerent omnes super viride fœnum, Mk. Skt. 6, 39. Heig [Rush. heg] fœnum, Jn. Skt. Lind

Linked entries: hig hoeg

inweard-líce

(adv.)
Grammar
inweard-líce, adv.

Inwardly ⬩ thoroughly ⬩ heartily ⬩ earnestly

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Inwardly, thoroughly, heartily, earnestly Heroðes innweardlíce gelearnade from him Herodes diligenter didicit ab eis, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 2, 7, 8. Innweardlíce cliopaþ hine invocate eum, Rtl. 10, 26. Is ðæt for inweardlíce riht racu that is a very thoroughly

Linked entry: for-inweardlíce

mis-faran

(v.)

to go astray ⬩ to err ⬩ transgress ⬩ to fare badly ⬩ have ill success

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to go astray, to err, transgress Oft for ðæs láreówes unwísdóm misfaraþ ða hiéremenn per pastorum ignorantiam hi, qui sequuntur, offendant, Past. 1, 4; Swt. 29, 4. Ðæt men for nytennysse misfaran ne sceolon, Homl. Th. ii. 314, 5. [Cf. If Joseph sag hise

Linked entry: mis-féran

myrþra

(n.)
Grammar
myrþra, an; m.

A murderer ⬩ homicide

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A murderer, homicide Se man biþ myrþra ( homicida ), se ðe his bróþor hataþ, L. Ecg. C. 24; Th. ii. 150, 10. Gif hwylc man for his mǽges wræce man ofsleá, dó ( do penance ) hé swá myrþra .vii. geár oððe .x., L. Ecg. P. iv. 68, 18; Th. ii. 230, 19, 21

racente

(n.)
Grammar
racente, an; f.
Entry preview:

A chain, fetter Licgaþ mé ymbe írenbendas, rídeþ acerntan sál, Cd. Th. 24, 3; Gen. 372. Gebunden mid gyldenre racentan vinctum compedibus aureis, Ors. 3, 9 ; Swt. 128, 12. Gerǽped mid his racentan, Met. 13, 8 : 25, 37 : 26, 78. Racentan slítan, 13, 29

Linked entry: racete

ge-týan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-týan, p. de; pp. -týd

To instruct ⬩ teach ⬩ imbue ⬩ instruere ⬩ imbuere ⬩ docere

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To instruct, teach, imbue; instruere, imbuere, docere He Sanctus Martinus fulfremedlíce on Godes ǽ and on Godes þeówdóm getýde and lǽrde he perfectly instructed and taught St. Martin in God's law and service, Blickl. Homl. 217, 5. Ðín lát getýde me disciplina

Linked entries: ge-týd týn

griðian

(v.)
Grammar
griðian, p. ode, ede; pp. od, ed.
Entry preview:

to make peace Lundene waru griðede wið ðone here the people of London made peace with the army, Chr. 1016; Erl. 559, 9. Griðode, 1046; Erl. 172, 6: 1070; Erl. 207, 19. Griðedon, 1068; Erl. 207, 2. Griðodon, 1087; Er1. 225, 15. to protect, give 'grith