Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

ge-weaxan

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Add: to grow, be produced. of animals or plants Eall se dǽl sé þe þæs treówes on twelf mónþum geweaxeþ (-wexð, v. l. ), Bt. 34, 10; F. 150, 1. Swá hwá swá gebyrgde þæs on þám beáme geweóx, Gen. 483: Rä. 78, 6. Ealles ðæs ðe him on heora ceápe geweaxe

híwian

(v.)

to formfabricateto feignto dissemble

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Add: to form, give shape to Híwað confingat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 23, 56. Híwade finxit, i. figurabat, 148, 64. to shape an object. material Ðú heówodest mé tu formasti me, Ps. Rdr. 138, 5. Sé þe híwude (hiówede, Ps. Srt.) eáge, 93, 9. non-material Þú þe

hefig-tíme

heavyweightyof great importanceseriousgravesevereseriousoppressiveannoyingtroublesomehard to beargrievoustedious

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Add: heavy, weighed down Hefitýme grauidum, Germ. 402, 53. weighty, of great importance, serious Ðence se abbod hú mycele byrðene and hú hefigtýme hé underféncg mid ðám háde abba cogitet quale onus suscepit, R. Ben. 118, 19. grave (offence, &c.)

wǽd

(n.)
Grammar
wǽd, e; f.: wǽde, es; n.

a weedan article of dressa garmentclothingdress

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referring to the dress of human beings. a weed (as in palmer's, widow's weeds), an article of dress, a garment Martinus mé bewǽfde mid ðyssere wǽde, Homl. Th. ii. 500, 34. Ne cume hé búton his oferslipe, ne hé þénige búton ðære wǽde, L. Edg. C. 46; Th

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
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the, vide Þ, þ. The indigenous Pagan alphabet of our Anglo-Saxon forefathers, called Runes, it must be particularly observed, not only represents our letters, but the names of the letters are significant. The Runes are chiefly formed by straight lines

lád

(n.)
Grammar
lád, e; f.

excuse

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excuse, defence against a charge Nú hí nabbaþ náne láde be hyra synne nunc excusationem non habent de peccato suo, Jn. Skt. 15, 22. Ðætte hé náne láde ne mǽge findan ac síe súa mid his ágnum wordum gebunden et in nulla sui defensione se exerceat, quam

Linked entry: ládian

dǽl

(adv.)
Grammar
dǽl, pl. dǽle (gelimplice daele conpetentes portiunculas,
    Wrt. Voc. ii. 104, 79
), dǽlas.
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Add: a part (in contrast with the whole) Tódǽlde se here on tú, óþer dǽl eást, óþer dǽl tó Hrófesceastre, Chr. 885; P. 78, 9. Sumursǽtna se dǽl sé þǽr niéhst wæs, 878; P. 76, 5. Se écea dǽl, Bl. H. 111, 32: Gú. 352. Se eorðan dǽl (the body). . se wuldres

bunda

(n.)
Grammar
bunda, bonda, an; m.

a wedded or married man, a husbandmaritus, sponsusthe father or head of a family, a householderpaterfamilias, œconomuswedlock, marriage,lawfully born, born in wedlockwedlock breaker, an adulterermarriage-fast-man, a wedded man, a husband:to wed, take a wifea wedded man, husband, householderone wedded or bound, a husbandto bindpersonagenta hammera hammererrule, government,a ruler, governorboundone bound, a husband

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a wedded or married man, a husband; maritus, sponsus Ne mæg nán wíf hire bondan [bundan MS. B, note 57] forbeódan, ðæt he ne móte into his cotan gelogian ðæt ðæt he wille no wife may forbid her husband, that he may not put into his cot what he will,

Linked entry: bonda

máðum

(n.)
Grammar
máðum, máðm, mádm, máððum, es; m.

A precious or valuable thinga treasurejewelornament

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A precious or valuable thing (often refers to gifts), a treasure, jewel, ornament Gylden mádm, sylofren sincstán, searogimma nán, middangeardes wela módes eágan ne onlýhtaþ, Bt. Met. Fox 21, 40; Met. 21, 20. Máððum óðres weorp gold mon sceal gifan treasure

Linked entry: máðm

þeóf-feng

(n.)
Grammar
þeóf-feng, es; m.
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Seizing of thieves; the Latin rendering of the term in Charters is comprehensio (or captio) furis (-um). The word seems to denote the obligation of one who holds land to arrest and bring to justice those who committed theft on that land, and occurs generally

þreátian

(v.)
Grammar
þreátian, p. ode.

to urgepressto oppressafflictvextroubleexerciseharassto urge a person to somethingpress for somethingforce to do somethingto reproverebuketo threaten

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to urge, press Threátade urguet, Wrt. Voc. ii. 124, 21. to oppress, afflict, vex, trouble, exercise, harass Ðú ðreátt ða ðeóda ðe ús ðreátigeaþ, Ps. Th. 9, 5. Mec láðgeteónan þreátedon þearle my foes harassed me sorely, Beo. Th. 1124; B. 560. Wyrd .

Linked entries: þreátnian þreátung

under-standan

(v.)
Grammar
under-standan, p. -stód, pl. -stódon; pp. -standen.

to understandhave insight intoto understandperceiveknow certainlyto understand in such and such a senseto conceive ofconsiderto accept as correctto observenoticeconsider

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to understand, have insight into Ðú genóh wel understentst ðæt ic ðé tó sprece, Bt. 13; Fox 38, 1. Se godcunda foreþonc hit understent eall swiþe ryhte ... wé ne cunnon ðæt riht understandan, 39, 8; Fox 224, 19-21. Gecýðnessa ðíne ic ongeat ł understód

Linked entry: for-standan

burg

(n.)
Grammar
burg, burh, burhg, buruh (-ug, -ig), byrg, byrig; gen. byrig, burge, burhge, burcge; dat. byrg, byrig, byrh, burh; n. acc. pl. byrg, byrig, burh, burga, burha; gen. pl. burga, burha; dat. pl. burgum, burhum, byrgum.
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Add: a fortified place Becom hé tó þǽre cynelican byrig ( ad urbem regiam), seó is nemned Bebbanburhg (-byrig, -burh, -burg, v.ll.). Ðá hé þá geseah ꝥ seó burh (buruh, burg, v.ll. ) wæs tó þan fæst ꝥ hé ne mihte hié ábrecan, hé áslát þá túnas ymb þá

ceaster

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Dele passage from Chron. under and add: used as a general term, or applied to foreign towns. [For the use of burh, ceaster respectively cf. the translation of Orosius, in which burh is always used in speaking of Jerusalem, Sodom, Gomorrah and Babylon

feorm

provisionsstoresa feastan entertainmententertainment

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Add: provisions, stores Ðrítig ombra aláð, and ðreó hund hláfa . . . feówer weðras . . . sex gósfuglas . . . ðrítig leapera . . . sester fulne saltes . . . and hió forgifeð fífténe pund for ðý ðe mon ðás feorme ðý soel gelǽste, C. D. i. 312, 5-18. dead

mearc

(n.)
Grammar
mearc, a mark, <b>mearc</b> a limit. [These may be taken under one head, see N. E. D. mark.]
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Add: a weak form mearce occurs Angl. viii. 326, 11, and a neuter mearc Gr. D. 197, 4. a boundary of land Istis terminibus terra circumgyrata esse videtur. . Ǽrest Ælfgýðe mearc .. . oþ Eádgife mearce, þonae þonan tó þæs biscopes mearce, Cht. E. 176,

GÝMAN

(v.)
Grammar
GÝMAN, géman, gíman, giéman; p. de

To care fortake care oftake heed toheedobserveregardkeep

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To care for, take care of, take heed to, heed, observe, regard, keep; cum gen. acc Ic gýme mín wedd I will keep my covenant, Lev. 26, 42. Ic geornor gýme ymb ðæs gǽstes forwyrd ðonne ðæs líchoman I care more earnestly about the spirit's destruction than

tó-slúpan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-slúpan, p. -sleáp, pl. -slupon; pp. -slopen

To slip apart or awaybe relaxeddissolvedto have the connection between several objectsthat between the parts of the same object relaxedto be dissipated,destroyedto be loosedundoneto get relaxed,to be relaxed,get remissto get paralysed,get powerless,

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To slip apart or away, be relaxed, dissolved Heó wæs tólésed ł tóslopen dissolvebatur, collabebatur, Hpt. Gl. 502, 7. Tóslopen remissus, Germ. 393, 137: dissipatum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 139, 31. Ábogene, tóslopene dimissa, i. humilia, 140, 31. of that which

Linked entry: tó-swífan

FYRD

(n.)
Grammar
FYRD, fyrdung, e; f.

an armythe military array of the whole countryexercĭtusexpĕdītioan armyagmenexercĭtusan expeditionexpĕdītioa campcastrum

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an army, the military array of the whole country; exercĭtus, expĕdītio. To take part in the fyrd was the general duty of every freeman, even of the mere churl, but as forming one branch of the trinoda necessitas it belonged especially to owners of land

swegel

(n.)
Grammar
swegel, swegl, es; n.
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in a physical sense, heaven, sky Ðætte súð ne norð, be sǽm tweónum, ofer eormengrund, óþer nǽnig, under swegles begong, sélra nǽre. Beo. Th. 1724; B. 860: 3550; B. 1773. Under swegles gang. Andr. Kmbl. 415; An. 208: 910; An. 455. Swefan under swegles