Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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þeóf-feng

(n.)
Grammar
þeóf-feng, es; m.
Entry preview:

In other passages, however, the word implies advantage, and seems to refer to the right to receive the fines which might be exacted in case of conviction for theft. For such emoluments cf.

hyge

(n.)
Grammar
hyge, es; m.

Mind ⬩ heart ⬩ soul

Entry preview:

Ne meahte hé æt his hige findan ðæt hé wolde þeódne þeówian he could not find it in his heart to serve his prince, 14; Th. 18, 1; Gen. 266.

GE-RÉFA

(n.)
Grammar
GE-RÉFA, ge-reáfa, groefa, an; m.

A prefect, steward, fiscal officer of the shire or county, judge, reeve or sheriff, count ⬩ præpŏsĭtus, villĭcus, jūdex, præfectus, cŏmes

Entry preview:

Gif hit se geréfa ne amanige mid rihte if the reeve do not lawfully exact it [the fine], L. Ed. 5; Th. i. 162, 12.

Linked entries: réfa geréfscipe ge-reáfa

þearfa

(adj.)
Grammar
þearfa, adj.
Entry preview:

From other sources the poor derived benefit; certain fines were devoted to their use Gebéte hé .xxx. sciłł., and sié ðæt feoh gedǽled ðǽm þearfum, ðe on ða[m] tún[e] synd, L. Ath. prm.; Th. i. 198, 12.

Linked entry: EARM

on-ginnan

(v.)
Grammar
on-ginnan, p. -gan, -gann; pl. -gunnon; pp. -gunnen.

to begin, set about, set to work ⬩ to attempt, endeavour (with infin.) ⬩ to act strenuously ⬩ to make an attempt upon, to attack

Entry preview:

Cot.) until he finds that he can obtain by prayer from God what he endeavours to get, Past. 10; Swt. 61, 22. Ðæt ic dorste ðis weorc ongynnan ut hoc opus adgredi auderem, Bd. pref. ; S. 472, 12.

Linked entries: á-ginnan an-ginnan be-ginnan

ge-bídan

Entry preview:

Sé þe áh lífes wyn gebiden in burgum, Seef. 28. (1 b) to endure, undergo, suffer ill :-- Fela ic weána gebád, Fins. 25. Myccle scipbrocu hé gebád, Bl. H. 173, 6. Hé oft gebád ísernscúre, B. 3116.

ge-tácnian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Ben. 72, 12. with clause On ðǽm twǽm wordum hé ús getácnode for hwelcum ðingum wé sceolden úre gódan weorc helan and for hwelcum wé hí sceolden cýðan qualiter videnda essent vel qualiter non videnda ex sententiarum fine monstravit, Past. 451, 10.

ceáp

Entry preview:

</b> the amount of a fine for redemption :-- Sceal sé þe hine (a homicide ) áh ... lx. sciłł. gesellan wið his feore. Gif hé þone ceáp nelle fore gesellan, Ll.

gilp

Entry preview:

Þaelig;t hé ne ágǽle gǽstes þearfe ne on gylp geóte, Cri. 818. where pride finds expression in words, boasting Hwǽr beóþ þá ungemetlican hleahtras and se leása gylp and ealle þá ídlan word, Bl. H. 53, 18.

CWIC

(adj.)
Grammar
CWIC, cwyc, cwuc, cuc; def. se cwica, seó, ðæt cwice; adj.

Alive, QUICK ⬩ vivus, vivax

Entry preview:

Ðe ðǽr cwice méteþ fýr who shall find there fires alive, 22a ; Th. 59, 27; Cri. 959. Déman ða cucan and deádan judicare vivos et mortuos, Ps. Lamb. fol. 199a. 25: 202a, 27

Linked entries: cucon cucu cwicen cwicu cuic cweoc cwicu cwuc cwyc cuc

wer-gild

(n.)
Grammar
wer-gild, were-gild, es; n. [The word seems interchangeable with wer (q. v.), which in the later laws is the more frequent form.]
Entry preview:

</b> of the uses to which wergild paid as a fine in religious matters (cf. L. E.

frignan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Hé frægn hwæt þæt swefen bude, Dan. 528: Fin. 22. Hé frǽn (frægn, v.l. ) hwæðer þá landleóde crístene wǽron, Bd. 2, l; Sch. 109, 19. Huæs sié sunu Críst fregnende (interrogans), Mk. p. 5, 4.

ge-met

(n.)
Grammar
ge-met, es; nom. acc. pl. -u, -a; n.

a measure, space, distance ⬩ mensura, spatium, intervallum ⬩ that by which anything is measured, a measure ⬩ mensura, modius, satum ⬩ measure, capacity, ability, power, etc ⬩ mensura, facultas, potestas, vis ⬩ measure, proportion, moderation, bounds, limit, boundary, means, way, manner ⬩ mensura, modus, finis, terminus, limes, ratio ⬩ a rule, order, law ⬩ norma, regula, lex ⬩ a poetical measure, metre ⬩ metrum

Entry preview:

Th. 59, 11: 107, 12. a fit or proper measure, and so metaph. measure, proportion, moderation, bounds, limit, boundary, means, way, manner; mensura, modus, finis, terminus, limes, ratio Ðý læs he of gemete hweorfe lest he turn from moderation, Exon. 78

Linked entries: ge-met ge-meotu ge-meta ge-mett ge-metu

be-fón

to seize ⬩ catch ⬩ take, ⬩ to seize ⬩ take forcible possession of ⬩ to seize a criminal ⬩ lost property ⬩ to catch ⬩ get to see a person ⬩ to get ⬩ attain to ⬩ to surround ⬩ encompass ⬩ to enclose, ⬩ to serve as a covering for ⬩ contain ⬩ to put into a covering ⬩ to encircle, ⬩ to lie round ⬩ to place round ⬩ to include ⬩ contain ⬩ comprise ⬩ to surround with words ⬩ furnish with a commentary ⬩ to have to do with an object ⬩ to engage in an occupation ⬩ get involved in an action

Entry preview:

Gif hwylc man mid arwan deór ofsceóte . . . and hit man ymbe. iii. niht deád finde, and þǽr hund oþþe wulf on befangen hæbbe (have had any-thing to do with it; eam occupaverit), Ll.

dǽlan

(v.)
Entry preview:

findo, An. Ox. 18 b, 38. Holmas dǽlde Waldend úre, Gen. 146.

forþ

Entry preview:

Th. i. 68, 15: Chr. 1070; P. 206, 8. (2 b) of action continued to completion :-- Gif se hund losige, gá þeós bót hwæðere forð this fine must still be paid, Ll. Th. i. 78, 6. Hé ne mihte ná forð hérmid he could not carry out his plan, Cht.

gearo

Entry preview:

Ꝥ hé ús gearwe finde, Bl. H. 83, 1. Ꝥ ǽlc man hæbbe symle þá men gearowe þe lǽden þá men þe heora ágen sécan willen, Ll. Th. i. 162, 23. Ðætte hié swá micle gearran finde se ýtemesta dæg, ðonne hé cume, swá hí hér ǽmtegran bióð, Past. 401, 6.

ÍDEL

(adj.)
Grammar
ÍDEL, adj.

empty ⬩ destitute ⬩ void ⬩ devoid ⬩ vain ⬩ useless ⬩ idle ⬩ idle ⬩ unemployed

Entry preview:

Se deófol on sumum uncystum gebringþ ðone ðe hé gemét ídelne ǽlces gódes weorces the devil brings into some vices him whom he finds devoid of every good work, L. E. I, 3; Th. ii. 404, 13.

Linked entries: a-ýdlig ídel

on-gitan

(v.)
Grammar
on-gitan, -gietan, -giotan, -geotan ; p. -geat, -get; pl. -geáton, -géton ; pp. -giten, -gieten

To perceive ⬩ to perceive, see ⬩ to perceive by hearing ⬩ to perceive, feel (pain, etc. ) ⬩ to feel, be of opinion, judge ⬩ to know, hear of, find out ⬩ to perceive, understand ⬩ to recognise, know, ⬩ to take a person or thing to be what it really is ⬩ to recognise a fact or circumstance, ⬩ to know (of sexual intercourse)

Entry preview:

se seóca ðone stenc ne ongite, Lchdm. i. 304, 23. to feel, be of opinion, judge Ðeáh ðe be ðyssum willan misenlíce cynn monna missenlíce ongite quamvis de hac re diversae hominum nationes diversa sentiant, Bd. 1, 27 ; S. 495, 14. to know, hear of, find

Linked entries: andgitan an-gitan an-gytan

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

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