Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

forhtian

(v.)
Grammar
forhtian, frohtian.

To fear

Entry preview:

Add: intrans. To fear Forhtode obstipuit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 63, 9. Ne wallas gé forhtiga (frohtiga, L.) nolite expauescere, Mk. R. 16, 6. Ðæt wíf ondrǽdende and forhtigende mulier timens et tremens, Mk. 5, 33. Swíðe forhtigende þæt hí his fandian dorston

gearcian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Add: to prepare, make ready Hé sceolde gearcian and dæftan his weig . . . Hé gearcað þone weig cumendum Gode, Hml. Th. i. 362, 7-11. Ealle míne ðing ic gearcode ( omnia parata ); cumað tó þám giftum, 522, 8. Gearcode hé his fare and tó Englelande cóm

gebed-rǽden

Entry preview:

Add: prayers þǽr (on gebedhúse) nán þincg elles geworht ne sý bútan þám ánum weorce þe tó Gode belimpð. þæt is gebedrǽden (ꝥ syndon hálige gebedu, v. l.), R. Ben. 81, 5. þæ þæt ic dyde for hiora godcundre gebedrédenne (because of their praying for me

Linked entry: béd-rǽden

Entry preview:

Add Lá aue, An. Ox. 56, 133. Wá lá wá eheu, Wrt. Voc. ii. 32, 44. Add: giving emphasis to interrogation or exclamation Lá whǽr nú þá ... lá whǽr sind ubi nunc ... ubi sunt, Wülck. Gl. 253, 34, 37. Lá hú, ne mót ic dón þæt ic wille?, aut non licet mihi

hál-wende

(adj.)
Grammar
hál-wende, adj.

Conducive to health, salutary, healing, wholesome

Entry preview:

Conducive to health, salutary, healing, wholesome Ðes hálwenda hic saluber, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 18; Som. 9, 64. Ðín word is hálwende thy word is salutary, Ps. Th. 118, 103. Hálwoende ðín salutare tuum, Lk. Skt. Lind. 2, 30. Se middangeard wæs mannum hálwende

Linked entry: -wende

sófte

(adv.)
Grammar
sófte, cpve. sóftor, séft; adv.

Softly, gently softly, quietly, without disturbancecalmly, at ease, without troublegently, not harshlywithout discordeasily, without opposition facile

Entry preview:

Softly, gently Sófte suaviter Ælfc. Gr. 38; Zup. 228, 6: gradatim Wrt. Voc. ii. 41, 37: pedetemtim 81, 39: sensim 120, 41. Ðone sófte langan morosam 32, 6. of sleep, rest, etc., softly, quietly, without disturbance Hé sófte swæf Cd. Th. 12, 2; Gen.

Linked entry: sófte

spinnan

(v.)
Grammar
spinnan, p. spann, pl. spunnon; pp. spunnen.

to spinto writhetwist

Entry preview:

to spin Neo ic spinne, neui ic spann, neuisti vel nesti ðú spuune, neuistis vel nestis gé spunnon, neuerunt vel nerunt hí spunnon, Ælfc. Gr. 25; Zup. 147, 2-4. Ic spinne neo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 60, 13. Spinnaþ neunt, 19: Mt. Kmbl. 6, 28 : Lk. Skt. 12, 27.

Linked entry: spornan

treówian

(v.)
Grammar
treówian, triéwian, trýwian; p. ode.

to trustconfideto be true to a person to prove one's self trueclear one's self from a charge of untrue conduct

Entry preview:

to trust, confide Æghwylcum ðe him on treówaþ omnes qui confidunt in eis, Ps. Th. 113, 17. Ða ðe treówiaþ (confidunt)on Drihtne, Ps. Spl. 124, 1. On mannan tó treówianne confidere in homine, Ps. Th. 117, 8. On ealdor-inen tó treówianne sperare in principibus

Linked entry: trýwian

þurfan

(v.)
Grammar
þurfan, prs. ic, he þearf, ðú þearft, pl. wé þurfon; p. þorfte; subj. prs. is þurfe, þyrfe, pl. þurfen, þyrfen; prs. ptcpl. þurfende, þyrfende

To needto be in needhave need of somethingto need to do somethingto be bound to do something because it is rightto be obligedbe compelled by destinyto have good cause or reason for doing somethingto be use, to be good for a person to do somethingto owe

Entry preview:

To need. to be in need, have need of something, absolute Gif ðú cláþa þe má on hæfst, þonne ðú þurfe, Bt. 14, 1; Fox 42, 15. Ðú gæderast máre, þonne ðú þurfe (þyrfe, Cott. MS.), 14, 2; Fox 44, 8. Nis hit gód, ðæt hié sién on ðam láðe leng, þonne ðú þurfe

sculan

(v.)
Grammar
sculan,  sceolan; ic, hé sceal, scal, ðú scealt, pl. wé sculon, sceolon ; p. sceolde, scolde, scealde, scalde; subj.
Entry preview:

prs, scyle, scile, sciele, scule. to owe; debere Án him sceolde (scalde, Rush. : áhte tó geldanne, Lind. ) týn þúsend punda. Se hláford forgeaf him ðone gylt. Se þeówa gemétte hys efenþeówan, se him sceolde (sculde, Rush.) án hund penega, and hé cwæð

Linked entries: ge-scola sceal

(adv.)
Grammar
HÚ, adv.

How

Entry preview:

How. in direct questions Hú mæg man ingán on stranges hús quomodo potest quisquam intrare in domum fortis? Mt. Kmbl. 12, 29: 34. Hú ne synt gé sélran ðonne hig nonne vos magis plures estis illis? 6, 26: 25. Hú sculon wit nú libban how are we to live?

Linked entries: hú-lic hú-meta hwu

ÍDEL

(adj.)
Grammar
ÍDEL, adj.

emptydestitutevoiddevoidvainuselessidleidleunemployed

Entry preview:

empty Tó hwan mæg ðis eorþlíce hús gif hit ýdel stent? Hit ne biþ ná hús búton hit beó mid híréde áfylled what purpose can this earthly house serve, if it stand empty? It is not a house unless it be filled with a household, Homl. Th. ii. 502, 12. Is

Linked entries: a-ýdlig ídel

hwæþere

Entry preview:

Add: in a principal clause with which is connected a dependent clause introduced by þeáh. þeáh ... hwaeþere Þeáh hé hié mannum missenlíce dǽle, hwæþere hé bebeád ꝥ wé ... gedǽlan ... þone teóþan dǽl, Bl. H. 39, 18. Þeáh hé latode ..., hwæþre hé ... þegnunga

smeágan

(v.)
Grammar
smeágan, smeán; p. smeáde; ppr. smeágende, smeánde; pp. smeád

to consider, meditate, inquire, deliberateto consider, ponder, examine, inquire into, discuss, searchto seek an opportunityto accept as the result of inquiry, to suppose

Entry preview:

in the following glosses: Ic smeáge scrutor Ælfc. Gr. 25;Zup. 145, 3: meditor Wrt. Voc. i. 50, 3. Smeáþ investigabit Kent. Gl. 652. Smeáde disputavit Wrt. Voc. ii. 25, 61. Smégan investigare Kent. Gl. 953. Tó smyágenne tractanda 749. used absolutely,

Linked entry: smeán

girnan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Take here <b>geornan, gernan, gyrnan</b> in Dict., and add Ic gewilnie ł gyrne glisco, An. Ox. 18 b, 39. to desire possession of something (gen. or indecl. pron.) Gilpes þú girnst? ac þú hine ne miht habban orsogne gloriam petis? sed securus

wanian

(v.; adj.)
Grammar
wanian, p. ode. I. trans.

To make lesslessendiminishcurtailto bring within narrower limitsto abatecheckreduceto cause to cease or failto bring to noughtdestroyfrustrateto put in an inferior positionTo wanebecome lessdecreasediminishto wanebecome inferiordeclinedecay

Entry preview:

To make less, lessen, diminish, curtail Hí sculon ǽlce dæg eácan ðæt mon ǽlce dæg wanaþ, Bt. 26, 2; Fox 94, 1. Symble hé bið gyfende, and hé ne wanaþ nán þing his, Homl. Skt. i. 1, 46: L. Edg. S. 1 ; Th. i. 272, 10. Hwæt tó bóte mihte æt ðæm fǽrcwealme

Linked entry: a-wanian

máðum

(n.)
Grammar
máðum, máðm, mádm, máððum, es; m.

A precious or valuable thinga treasurejewelornament

Entry preview:

A precious or valuable thing (often refers to gifts), a treasure, jewel, ornament Gylden mádm, sylofren sincstán, searogimma nán, middangeardes wela módes eágan ne onlýhtaþ, Bt. Met. Fox 21, 40; Met. 21, 20. Máððum óðres weorp gold mon sceal gifan treasure

Linked entry: máðm

etan

to devourconsumedestroy

Entry preview:

Add: of living creatures. to take food, take a meal Sé itt and drincð mid ðǽm synfullum, Past. 327, 3. Eatað ðearfan edent pauperes, Ps. Srt. 21, 27. Ðá þá se Godes wer æt (ætt, v. l.), se munuc stód him ætforan, Gr. D. 144, 1. Ðíne suna and ðíne dohtra

wǽdla

(n.; adj.)

poorneedyindigentwantingdeficient inpoor inbeggingpoorneedya poor, needy persona poor, needy persona beggar

Entry preview:

as adjective, poor, needy, indigent Wǽdla egenus, Wrt. Voc. i. 50, 54: 74, 22. Oehtende wes mon ðearfan and wéðlan persecutus est hominem pauperem et mendicum, Ps. Surt. 108, 17. with gen. of what is wanting, wanting, of persons Ne geseah ic his sǽd

ÁÞ

(n.)
Grammar
ÁÞ, es; m.

an OATHa swearingjuramentum

Entry preview:

an OATH, a swearing; juramentum Ðú agyltst ðine áþes reddes juramenta tua, Mt. Bos. 5, 33. Ðá behét he mid áþe pollicitus est cum juramento, 14, 7. 9. He áþ swereþ þurh his selfes líf he sweareth an oath by his own life, Cd. 163; Th. 205, 5 ; Exod. 431

Linked entries: aaþ ánfeald áþ