Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

speld

(n.)
Grammar
speld, es; n.; pl. speld and speldru (? or speldra (see below) from speldr. Cf. 'Spelder of woode esclat, Palsgrave. The schafte to spildurs spronge,
  • Avow. of Arthur,'
  • Halliwell's Dict.
): speld, e; f.

A splinter ⬩ a thin piece of wood used as a torch ⬩ a torch ⬩ (splinters) ⬩ splinter of a lance ⬩ a tablet ⬩ a flake ⬩ a tablet

Entry preview:

A splinter, a thin piece of wood used as a torch, a torch On spelde in favillam, Anglia xiii. 35, 213. Speldum favillis, 36, 234, Ðara spaca speldra malleoli Similar entries (v. spæc), Wrt. Voc. ii. 54, 56. Biernende speld tedas, 95, 26. Spelde tedas

mearc

(n.)
Grammar
mearc, a mark, <b>mearc</b> a limit. [These may be taken under one head, see N. E. D. mark.]
Entry preview:

Add: a weak form mearce occurs Angl. viii. 326, 11, and a neuter mearc Gr. D. 197, 4. a boundary of land Istis terminibus terra circumgyrata esse videtur. . Ǽrest Ælfgýðe mearc .. . oþ Eádgife mearce, þonae þonan tó þæs biscopes mearce, Cht. E. 176,

heáh

(adv.)
Grammar
heáh, adv.
Entry preview:

Hlǽw sceal heáh hlifian, B. 2805: Ph. 23 : Dan. 603. at or to a position of great height Hí him ásetton segen gyldenne heáh ofer heáfod, B. 48: 2768. His meahta spéd heáh ofer heofonum wunade, Ph. 641.

wæl-reáf

(n.)
Grammar
wæl-reáf, es; n.

what is taken from the slain ⬩ spoil taken in war ⬩ spoil ⬩ prey ⬩ robbing the slain

Entry preview:

Hé under segne sinc ealgode, wælreáf werede, Beo. Th. 2414; B. 1205. Ic sceal langne hám ána gesécan, lǽt mé on láste líc eorðan dǽl wælreáf wunigean weormum tó hróðre. Apstls. Kmbl. 189; Ap. 95.

Linked entry: weg-reáf

hord

Entry preview:

Sege ús nú hwǽr se ealda hord ( of coins ) sý þe þú dígellíce fundest, Hml. S. 23, 661. Hord sceal in streónum bídan, Gn. Ex. 68. Wyrm, hordes hyrde, B. 887. Máðma hord mínne, 2799.

drúsan

(v.)
Grammar
drúsan, drúsian; part. drúsende; p. ode, ade; pp. od, ad; v. intrans.

To sink, become low, slow, inactive, to DROWSE ⬩ cadĕre, lentum vel segnem esse

Entry preview:

To sink, become low, slow, inactive, to DROWSE; cadĕre, lentum vel segnem esse Cén drúsende the sinking flame, Elen. Kmbl. 2514; El. 1258. Lagu drúsade, wǽldreóre fág the stream became slower, stained with deadly gore, Beo. Th. 3265; B. 1630.

un-gesceádwísness

(n.)
Grammar
un-gesceádwísness, e; f.

Unreasonableness ⬩ foolishness

Entry preview:

Unreasonableness, foolishness Hwæt segst ðú ðæt sié forcúþre ðonne sió ungesceádwísnes? hwí geþafiaþ hí ðæt hí bióð dysige? hwí nyllaþ hí spyrigan æfter cræftum and æfter wísdóme? quid enervatius ignorantiae caecitate? an sectanda noverunt?

Linked entry: ge-sceádwísness

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

irþ

(n.)
Grammar
irþ, e; f.

ploughing ⬩ tilling ⬩ a crop ⬩ ploughed land

Entry preview:

Quod dum sibi adlatum, ultra omne tempus serendi, ultra omnem spem fructificandi, eodem in agro sereret; mox copiosa seges exorta est, Bd. 4, 28; S. 605, 38-602, 1.

Linked entries: earþ ernþ

betst

(adj.)
Grammar
betst, betest; adj. sup. def. se betsta, betesta; seó, ðæt beteste; pos. gód [bet good; v. bet-líc good-like]

Best, the best, first ⬩ optimus, primus

Entry preview:

Best, the best, first; optimus, primus Ða þing ðe ge betstan gelífaþ [MS. betst ongelifaþ] ea quæ vos optima credebatis, Bd. 1, 25; S. 487, note 12. Scipio, se besta [Laud MS. betsta] Rómana witena Scipio, the best of the Roman senators, Ors. 5, 4; Bos

Linked entries: besta betast betesta betost

þúf

(n.)
Grammar
þúf, es; m.

A tuft ⬩ the crest of a helmet ⬩ a kind of standard, made with tufts of feathers

Entry preview:

Ðá wæs þúf hafen, segen for sweótum, Elen. Kmbl. 246; El. 123. Sunu Simeones sweótum cómon, þúfas wundon ofer gárfare, Cd. Th. 199, 22; Exod. 342. Hié gesáwon þúfas þunian, 187, 32; Exod. 158

Linked entries: þuuf ge-þúf

un-tweógendlíce

(adv.)
Grammar
un-tweógendlíce, adv.

without feeling doubt ⬩ certainly ⬩ unhesitatingly ⬩ so as not to cause doubt ⬩ unequivocally ⬩ indubitably

Entry preview:

Þéh hý gelýfdan be his segene, ðe hit ǽr geseah, untweógendlícor (-átweógendlícor, MS.

Linked entries: un-átweógendlíce tweógendlíce

GE-NÓG

(adv.)
Grammar
GE-NÓG, -nóh; adv.

Sufficiently, abundantly, ENOUGH ⬩ satis, abunde

Entry preview:

Genóg riht ðú segst rightly enough thou sayest, Bt. 33, 1; Fox 120, 17. Ðæt híg habbon líf and habbon genóh ut vitam habeant et abundantius habeant, Jn. Bos. 10, 10.

swá

(adv.)
Grammar
swá, swǽ, swé (swé is the form in Ps. Surt. ; see also Txts. 600, col. 1. The form also occurs in Blickl. Homl. 23, 7).
Entry preview:

Grammar swá, rel. pron. As, that Forgylde ðæt ángylde and ðæt wíte swá tó ðam ángylde belimpan wille, L. Alf. pol. 6; Th. i. 66, 3. Ðon gelíc swá lǽcas cunnon such as doctors know, Lchdm. ii. 192, 23. Brúcan swylcra yrmþa swá ðú unc ǽr scrife, Exon.

Linked entries: swǽ eall-swá se

fót

Grammar
fót, gen. fét ; inst. fét .

the foot of a living creature ⬩ a foot ⬩ the lowest part of an object

Entry preview:

Twígen fýt tó yfæsdrypæ, C.D. ii. 89, 7. the lowest part of an object Ánes fótes (cf. fðt-ráp) segl sipara, Wrt. Voc. i. 56, 61

Linked entry: fót-setla

stíþ-líc

(adj.)
Grammar
stíþ-líc, adj.

firm, strong ⬩ hard, severe ⬩ hard ⬩ harsh, severe ⬩ stern, hard, fierce

Entry preview:

Sege ús for hwí ðú ús ðus stíþlíce word tó sprece, H. R. 7, 35. of persons, stern, hard, fierce Ðá Ælfréd ðæt ofáxode, ðæt se here swá stíðlíc wæs, Shrn. 16, 8

FÚS

(adj.)
Grammar
FÚS, adj.

Ready ⬩ prepared ⬩ prompt ⬩ quick ⬩ eager ⬩ hastening ⬩ prone ⬩ inclined ⬩ willing ⬩ ready for death ⬩ dying ⬩ promptus ⬩ cĕler ⬩ părātus ⬩ prōnus ⬩ cŭpĭdus ⬩ propĕræ morti devōtus ⬩ mŏrĭbundus

Entry preview:

Gesáwon randwígan segn ofer sweóton, fús on forþweg the warriors saw the sign over the bands, hastening on its onward way, Cd. 148; Th. 185, 27; Exod. 129.

æcer

field, land ⬩ of arable land ⬩ the crop raised on the land ⬩ a definite quantity of land, an acre

Entry preview:

Icel. akr crop) :-- Ðá ðá ðæt án corn feóll, ðǽr árás þicce æcer (seges), Gr. D. 240, 3. Ne þolie hé ðára æcra (æcera, v. 1.) Ll. Th. i. 146, 5. a definite quantity of land, an acre.

be-ládung

Entry preview:

Gif þú woldest myltsian, and ne mihtest, þǽr is sum beládung on þǽre segene, Hml. S. 3, 185. Beóð þá hæðenan búton beládunge ( no excuse can be made for them ) rihtlíce fordémede, ii. 344.

á-werian

(v.)

to defend against attack ⬩ to protect from hurt ⬩ secure

Entry preview:

Hié þá ceastre áweredon, 885; P. 78, 12: Ors. 4, 13; S. 210, 33. to protect from hurt, secure Wé áweriað ús mid þǽre segene, áweriað eów mid þǽre láre fremminge, Hml. Th. ii. 402, 26. Wé willað áwerian ús, Ll.

Linked entries: werian eald-a-wered

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